Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Workplace

Objective:To study the expression of B-1a cells in mice with obesity and periodontal infection.Methods:Mouse models of diet induced obesity combined with experimental periodontitis were established,the expression of CD5 protein,anti-collagenⅠ antibody(anti-Col-Ⅰantibody) and IL-10 protein was examined in mouse jaw bone and spleen by immunohistochemistry and Western blot;The mRNA expression of CD5,anti-Col-Ⅰantibody and IL-10 in mouse jaw bone was detected by real time quantitative PCR.Results:The mRNA and protein expressions of CD5 and IL-10 and anti-Col-Ⅰantibody in jaw bone in periodontitis group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.001).The protein expressions of CD5 and IL-10 and anti-Col-Ⅰantibody in spleen in obesity group were significantly higher than those in standard group(P<0.05).The protein expression of anti-Col-Ⅰantibody in spleen in standard accompanying periodontal ligature group was significantly higher than that in standard without periodontal ligature group(P<0.05).Conclusion:B-1a cells are activated in the early stage of obesity and periodontal inflammation with a certain pathological significance and without interation between the two inflammatory states in the pathological mechanism.

Objective The aim of this study was to provide methods for predicting ideal trajectory and position of C1 lateral mass screw (C1 LMS)from plain radiographs.Methods A total of 40 consecutive subjects (with 79 screws)who had undergone C1 LMS placement were enrolled.To evaluate the C1 LMS position,the positions of screw head and tips on anteroposterior radiographs,screw length,and height on lateral radiograph were graded as 0°,Ⅰ°,and Ⅱ°,respectively.On the postoperative computed tomography images,the lateral mass (LM) perforation,screw-thread engagement percent(%),bicortical fixation,extruded screw length,and violation of adjacent joints were analyzed. Results Screws with tip located medial to LM(tip 0)showed LMperforation in all cases.Polyaxial head located within the LM(head 0)or crossing the lateral margin of the LM(head Ⅰ)showed no LMperforation.Screw-thread engagement percent was the highest with head Ⅰ-tip Ⅰ (medial half of LM)position (97.6%),followed by head 0-tip Ⅰ (90.5%)and head Ⅰ-tip Ⅱ (lateral half of LM)(86.4%). Screws longer than the posterior half of C1 anterior arch (AA)showed bicortical fixation in all cases with mean extruded screw length of 1.9 mm.Adjacent joint was not violated in 98%,with the screw height below half of C1 AA.Conclusion On an anteroposterior radiograph, a C1 LMS with the screw head located on the lateral margin of the LMand with the screw tip in the medial half of the LMresulted in the safest and longest trajectory.On lateral radiograph,a screw tip that is placed within the anterior-inferior quadrant of the C1 AA results in safe bicorti-cal fixation without injury to the adjacent structures.These plain radiographic findings may be helpful bothpostoperatively and intraoperatively for assessing the trajectory and length of the screw.

Objective The purpose was to compare the biomechanical characteristics of new percutaneous guide wire and conventional wire in cadaveric spines,and to evaluate the new percutaneous guide wire's efficacy and safety in a clinical trial.Methods Compared the push-out and penetration forces of the new percutaneous guide wire and conventional wire in fresh cadaveric lumbar spines from L1 to L5.And analyzed the related complications of new percutaneous guide wire by clinical experiment.Results Push-out forces caused the spiral part of the new percutaneous guide wire to bend or spread,so as to resist the anterior migration of the guide wire.The mean push-out forces of the new percutaneous guide wire and conventional wire were (15.5-+ 1.9) N and (5.7 ± 0.8) N respectively (P ＜ 0.01),and the mean penetration forces were (69.1 ±4.2) N and (37.1 ±4.8) N respectively (P ＜0.01).There was no wire breakage or anterior-wall penetration in the clinical trial of 222 new percutaneous guide wire.Conclusion The mean push-out and penetration forces of the new percutaneous guide wire were approximately 2 to 3 times greater than those of conventional wire.The new percutaneous guide wire effectively prevented guide-wire anterior migration and penetration of the anterior vertebral-body wall.The new percutaneous guide wire device could effectively improve the safety of percutaneous pedicle screw insertion procedures for patient with osteoporosis.

Objective To discuss the short-term effect of Sextant system fixation for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Methods There were 32 patients with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit which rescued by our hospital.Those patients included 18 males and 14 females, with average age of (25.54±2.86) years old.All patients were undergoing internal fixation with Sextant system in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Clinical and surgical evaluation including surgery time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative ambulation time and wound healing time were observed.Functional outcomes of pre-operation and postoperation 3-days were evaluated by visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI).Cobb angle and front height of fracture vertebral body were compared between pre-operation and postoperation 3-days.Results The operation time was (96.55±14.15)minutes, intraoperative blood loss was (45.25±3.55)mL, postoperative ambulation time was (1.20±0.61)days.There were statistical differences in terms of Cobb angle,front height of fracture vertebral body,VAS and ODI between pre-operation and postoperation 3 days.Conclusion The Sextant system fixation in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter is a timely,safe and effective method for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit,which is deserved to utilize at the scene when war or disaster urgency treatment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and radiological factors which affecting the recovery duration of C5 palsy after cervical decompression surgery.Methods The datas of 710 patients with degenerative cervical spine surgery in departement of spine surgery of orthopaedics of general hospital of Shenyang military region were retrospectively analyzed.The demographics,radiology,clinical information were recorded to analyze the relationship with the recovery duration of postoperative C5 palsy.Results C5 nerve root palsy occurred in 36 cases,of which 33 cases completely recovered within 2 years after surgery(18 cases recovered within postoperative 6 months),3 cases did not completely recovered during the following period.Factors related to longer recovery(over 6 months) included postoperative limbs muscles strength ≤2(P＜0.01),presence of multi-segment paresis involving more than the C5 root(P =0.002),loss of somatic sensation with pain(P =0.008),and the degree of posterior spinal cord shifting (P =0.040).Furthermore,multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative limbs muscles strength ≤2(P =0.010) had a significant effect on a recovery duration beyond 6 months.Conclusion The postoperative limbs muscles strength ≤2,the presence of multi-segment paresis involving more than the C5 root,the loss of somatic sensation with pain,and the degree of posterior spinal cord shifting are main factors which significantly influence the duration of recovery from postoperative C5 nerve root palsy.

Objective To discuss the recent clinical efficacy of percataneous pedicle screw internal fixation for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter at the war or disaster treatment place.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 29 patients with thoracolumbar fractures who were rescued by our hospital.Those patients included 18 males and 11 females,with the average age of (31.54±2.86) years old.All these patients underwent percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Clinical and surgical evaluation including surgery time,blood loses,exercise time after operation and complications.Functional outcomes of pre-operation and post-operation were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI).Cobb's angle and fracture vertebral body front height were compared before and after operation as well.Results All these patients were all successfully completed operation in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter,and the general post-operation condition was well.The operation time was (86.55±16.15)min,the blood loss was (42.35±6.55)mL,the exercise time after operation was (1.20±0.61) days.There was no complications after operation, and pain of thoracolumbar after operation was obviously alleviated.There was statistical differences in terms of Cobb's angle,fracture vertebral body front height,VAS score and ODI score between pre-operation and post-operation (P<0.05).Conclusion The percataneous pedicle screw internal fixation in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter is a quite effective method for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit, and this method is worthy of promoting at the scene when war or disaster urgency treatment.

BACKGROUND:With the increasing incidence of distal tibial fractures, locking plate fixation has become the preferred internal fixation method. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biomechanical performance of distal tibial fractures, and to study the difference between medial and lateral locking plate methods for internal fixation of distal tibial fractures. METHODS:Articles concerning the biomechanics of the internal fixation of distal tibial fractures were col ected by literature search. The articles that met the criteria were analyzed in depth. In this paper, a biomechanical comparison between locking plate fixation and intramedul ary nail fixation was done as wel as the stress distribution and mechanism of the ankle joint. Meanwhile, 60 patients with distal tibial fractures who had received medial or lateral locking plate fixation at the Department of Orthopedics, Chongming Branch, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China from January 2009 to January 2012 were enrol ed for efficiency comparison. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For patients with distal tibial fractures, it is easy to cause posterior mal eolus fractures, Y-shaped fractures and anterior tibial compression, respectively, in the plantar flexion position, neutral position, and dorsiflexion position. Locking plate is better than the intramedul ary nail in the torsional force, and the intact fibula contributes to the improvement of fixed effects of these two internal fixation methods. When the fibula cannot be effectively fixed, the locking plate fixation has a better stability than the intramedul ary nail. Moreover, there is no difference in the fracture healing after fixation with medial and lateral locking plates. However, a lower incidence of complications and better function recovery of the ankle joint can be realized after lateral locking plate fixation.

The compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) formulae containing enormous information, is a complex component system. Applications of mathematical statistics methods on the compatibility researches of traditional Chinese medicines formulae have great significance for promoting the modernization of traditional Chinese medicines and improving clinical efficacies and optimizations of formulae. As a tool for quantitative analysis, data inference and exploring inherent rules of substances, the mathematical statistics method can be used to reveal the working mechanisms of the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines formulae in qualitatively and quantitatively. By reviewing studies based on the applications of mathematical statistics methods, this paper were summarized from perspective of dosages optimization, efficacies and changes of chemical components as well as the rules of incompatibility and contraindication of formulae, will provide the references for further studying and revealing the working mechanisms and the connotations of traditional Chinese medicines.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; statistics & numerical data ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Drug Incompatibility ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective:To compare the optimal gridpercutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and conventional PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 102 patients with OVCFs who had underwent PVP between May 2016 and May 2019 at department of spine surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. According to the different surgical methods, they were divided into the optimalgrid PVP group (102 cases) and conventional PVP group (94 cases). In the optimal grid PVP group, there were 38 males and 64 females with an average age of 67.3±8.5 years old, and the course of disease was 2.3±1.2 days; the injured sites were lumbar vertebra, including 59 cases of L 1 vertebra, 31 cases of L 2 vertebra, 8 cases of L 3 vertebra, 3 cases of L 4 vertebra and 1 case of L 5 vertebra. In the conventional PVP group, there were 26 males and 68 females with an average age of 71.5±5.6 years old, and the course of disease was 2.1±1.1 days; the injured sites were lumbar vertebra, including 52 cases of L 1 vertebra, 33 cases of L 2 vertebra, 7 cases of L 3 vertebra and 2 cases of L 4 vertebra. The patients were prepared before operation. Then the best puncture point was selected, and the guide wire and working channel were inserted. Finally the bone cement was pushed. The operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, bone cement dosage and bone cement leakage were compared between the two groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS), anterior heights and median heights of injured vertebra were compared between the two groups at postoperative 3 days, 3 months and the final follow-up. Results:There were no significant differences in the general clinical data between the two groups before operation ( P>0.05). All patients had no complications such as wound infection,pulmonary embolism,spinal cord embolism or death. The operation time, fluoroscopy times, bone cement dosage and bone cement permeability of the two groups were statistically significant different ( P<0.05), and the optimal grid group was better than the conventional group. VAS at 3 days, 3 months and the final follow-up was statistically significantlower in the optimal grid group than the conventional group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the recovery of the anterior and middle edge heights of injured vertebra in the two groups 3 days after operation ( P>0.05), but there were statistical significant difference between the two groups3 months after operation and at the last follow-up ( P<0.05), whilethe optimal grid group was better than the conventional group. Conclusion:Compared with conventional PVP, the optimal grid PVP is safer and more effective in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.