Chronic orchialgia (CO) is a common complaint in urology or andrology. Due to its complicated pathogenesis, the diagnosis and treatment of CO are quite challenging. Based on different etiologies, CO can be idiopathic or secondary. Idiopathic CO accounts for approximately 50% of the cases and is probably associated with Wallerian degeneration in the spermatic cord nerves and peripheral sensitization. Secondary CO can be attributed to direct causes and its treatment focuses on the pathologic condition identified. The main methods for the treatment of CO include conservative and surgical strategies, among which microsurgical spermatic cord denervation ( MSCD) is an effective and minimally invasive option, while orchiectomy is but the last alternative when no other means is left.
Denervation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Orchiectomy ; Pain ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Pain Management ; methods ; Spermatic Cord ; innervation ; Testicular Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

During the period of 11th Five-Year Plan,the Natural Science Foundation of China Peking University First Hospital acquired has improved in the total amount and project types.An analysis was made on the status of grant application and support in Peking University First Hospital as well as on the management method of the grant,offering some suggestions for the general hospitals on the management and development of Natural Science Foundation.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects between close reduction and plaster slab fixation combined with plaster external traction and operation for the treatment of pediatric closed Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures without neurovascular injury complications.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to June 2012, 151 children with closed Gartland III supracondylar humerus fractures were retrospectively studied and divided into two groups, including 87 boys and 64 girls, ranging in age from 1 to 12 years old with an average of 5.3 years old. Among them, 76 children (conservative group) were treated with close reduction and plaster slab fixation combined with plaster external traction; 75 children (operation group) underwent surgical operation. The time of elbow joint function exercise, the healing time of fracture, the function recovery of elbow joint and carrying angle was recorded and analyzed. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by the Flynn criteria system.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months (18.3 months on average). The average time of fracture healing and elbow joint functional exercise of the conservative group was shorter than those of operation group (P < 0.001). Motion range of the elbows and carrying angle of two groups were no statistical difference (P > 0.05). According to Flynn criteria system, in conservative group, the result was excellent in 31 cases, good in 35, fair in 7, and poor in 3; in operation group, 27 in excellent, 30 in good, 17 in fair and 1 in poor; there was no significant difference between two groups in therapeutic effects (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONClose reduction and plaster slab fixation combined with plaster external traction in treatment of pediatric closed Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures without neurovascular injury complications,which has similar effect to surgical treatment, and the time of fracture healing and elbow joint function exercise are significantly shorter.

Case-Control Studies ; Casts, Surgical ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Traction ; methods

Antipsychotic Agents ; poisoning ; Clozapine ; poisoning ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To study the feature of neonatal infections and characteristics of antibiotic treatment in a tertiary children ' s hospital. Methods Clinical data including incidence of infection, primary disease,species of bacteria, complication and antibiotic utilization in hospitalized patients from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2012 were retrospectively reviewed using their medical records. Results Among 1826 patients admitted to neonetal surgery ward, 542 infants ( 29. 7％) were with infection. The incidence of antibiotic resistance was 23. 51％. The top five infectious diseases were:perianal abscess, necrotizing enterocolitis, colicitis, omphalitis and subcutaneous gangrene. 12 cases of multi-resistant infection were cured by non-restricted antibiotics. 109 were cured by restricted antibiotics. And other 7 were cured by special antibiotics. No death nor multi-resistant nosocomial infection were found. Risk factors including multi-site infection, premature or low birth weight infants, liver, kidney or heart dysfunction,fever lasting more than 3 days after antibiotic therapy, septic shock, sepsis, digestive tract perforation and peritonitis,were vital in choosing specific antibiotics. Conclusions Infection is one of the most common diseases in neonatal surgery ward, with major pathogens sensitive to antibiotics. The clinical characteristics and drug sensitive test are conductive to the reasonable use of antibiotics. Special antibiotics can be used directly in patients with risk factors Clinical doses of antibiotics in neonates depend on the monitoring of drug concentration.

The automatic gain control circuit is designed on the basis of MSP430F149 microcomputer with the chopper amplifier, and then continuous stepless regulation of pulse wave signal is fulfilled. Thus individual variation -induced problems are eliminated such as signal baseline drift and saturation. With this circuit, medical instruments can be portable and low-power-consumption.

Ultrasonic sensors are optimal to the guidance system for the blind.The previous ultrasonic guidance systems acquire the position information of obstacles,and transform it into audio signal or tactile vibration.The system developed in this paper,utilizing programmable gain technique and digital potentiometer,acquires the power of reflected ultrasonic as additional information,and informs the blind with modulated audio signal.In this paper,the studies on programmable gain is described detailed including the hardware structure,the software design and information post processing.

Lives are maintained by enough oxygen.Blood oxygen saturation is one of the important parameters which reflects oxygen concentration in blood.The accurate monitoring of blood oxygen saturation is very important to both physiological research and medical application.At present,dual-wavelength method is widely adopted in noninvasive detection of blood oxygen saturation.Therefore,accurate recognition of peak-to-peak value of pulse waveform is a key process in monitoring blood oxygen saturation.In the paper,LMS self-adaptive arithmetic is applied to processing pulse waveform signal.The ratio of corrective detection is improved by the method.

Objective To study non-invasive measurement of reflectance oxygen saturation.Methods Diffusion theory was used to explain the action of light in tissue and deduce reflectance oxygen saturation formula.Then,Reflectance Oxygen Saturation Detection System based on MSP430 was developed and calibrated.Result The calibration result and calibration curve was ascertained and analyzed.Conclusion The formula for detection and measurement of oxygen saturation is put forward by using Reflectance Oxygen Saturation Detection System.

Objective To develop ECG Holter system with SD card as storage medium. Methods Data that used MSP430F449 SCM to acquire 3-channel ECG signal to record SD card through serial peripheral interface were reviewed and analyzed on computer. Results Portable ECG Holter System based on SD card is realized. The using of SD card can enhance storage performance. Conclusion Low-cost, and high-performance solution program is observed.