Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ; immunology ; pathology ; Male

Objective To investigate the efficacy of losartan combined with amiodarone in cardioversion of atrial fibrillation(AF)and maint of sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal AF.Methods From January 2003 to October 2005,a total of 86 consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF in 421 Hospital of PLA were randomly dividid into two group:group A(amiodarone,n=44)and.group B(amiodarone plus losartan n=42).The conversion of atrial fibrillation in 24 h,3 d and 7 d after therapy was investigated.The left atrial diameter was measured with transthoracic echocardiogram at before and after 6,12-months of treatment andyzed up to 12 months.Results The rate of cardioversion of AF is significantly higher in group A than group B at 7 d(86.36% vs 95.23%,P

BACKGROUND:The rabbits were widely used as experimental animal models in the research on etiology and pathological mechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. It is stil a valuable and realistic research topic to improve and to innovate the modeling technology nowadays. OBJECTIVE:To improve the modeling technology on osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits induced by glucocorticoid combined with lipopolysaccharide, with the focus on its reduced mortality and the guaranteed successful rate of modeling. METHODS:A total of 28 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group (n=10) and improvement group (n=18). Models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were established according to different methods. In the improvement group, rabbits were injected with sodium penicilin (5.0 mg/kg) and amikacin sulfate (1.63×104 U/kg) in the left gluteus muscle. Twenty-four hours later, al rabbits were injected with prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) in the right gluteus muscle. Forty-eighthours later, 5.0 μg/kg of lipopolysaccharide was intravenously injectedvia the ear. From then on, two injections of prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) were respectively performed alternately in the left and right gluteal muscle at an interval of each 24 hours. Sodium penicilin (5.0 mg/kg) and amikacin sulfate (1.63×104 U/kg) were intraperitonealy injected for 2 consecutiveweeks. In the control group, 10 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide was injectedvia the ear vein of rabbit. From then on, prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) was intramuscularly injected at an interval of each 24 hours, totaly three times. Benzylpenicilin sodium 20×104 U/rabbit was intramuscularly injected once a week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rabbit models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were successfuly established in both groups. Compared with the control group, the mortality was significantly reduced after model establishment in the improvement group, and the bone lacuna and osteonecrosis of the femoral head were apparent. These findings indicated that the improved technology of model establishment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head could be used to aleviate the damage degree on the gluteal muscles, to guarantee the successful rate of modeling, and to noticeably reduce the mortality of rabbits.

Objective To evaluate the value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in elderly type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods We performed a retrospective observational study on 228 patients undergoing coronary angiography in Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from April 2014 to July 2015.Patients were divided into three groups:the simple T2DM group (n=77),simple CHD group (n=72),and T2DM complicated with CHD group (n=79).Meanwhile,70 healthy elderly subjects served as the control group.The white blood cell count,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other clinical and laboratory parameters were collected,and NLR was calculated.Risk factors for CHD in T2DM patients were determined by logistic regression analysis.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was adopted to identify factors influencing NLR.Results The white blood cell count,neutrophil count,NLR and hs-CRP level in the simple T2DM,CHD,and T2DM+CHD groups were higher than in the control group [(7.48 1.81) 109/L,(7.72± 1.89) 109/L,(7.98±2.12) 109/L vs.(6.22± 1.61) 109/L;(4.49±1.38) 109/L,(4.88±1.56) 109/L,(5.35±1.40) 109/L vs.(3.52±0.84) 109/L;(2.84± 0.77),(3.07±0.79),(3.34±0.83) vs.(1.58±0.42);(2.92±0.65) mg/L,(3.20±0.86) mg/ L,(4.98±1.10) mg/L vs.(1.105±0.23) mg/L;respectively,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01].The lymphocyte count in the simple T2DM,CHD,and T2DM+CHD groups were lower than in the control group [(1.57±0.41) × 109/L,(1.58±0.40) × 109/L,(1.61±0.48) × 109/L vs.(2.22± 0.51) × 109/L,P＜0.05].NLR and hs-CRP levels in the T2DM+CHD group were higher than in the former two groups (all P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that NLR was positively correlated with the Gensini score and hs-CRP level (r=0.7455 and 0.7792,both P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR,hs-CRP levels and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were the risk factors for CHD in T2DM patients (OR=4.331,3.997 and 2.928,all P＜0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that NLR was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose,HbA1 c levels and systolic blood pressure (β' =0.3133,0.4720 and 0.3069,all P＜0.05).Conclusions NLR may be a valuable predictive factor for CHD in elderly T2DM patients.

Antimicrobial peptides are a class of small peptides with anti-extrogenous pathogen activities.They are derived from organism and possess antibacterial,antifungus,antiviruses and anticancer cell actions.In recent years,it’s found that some microbial pathogens are able to resist antimicrobial peptides.The constitutive and inducible mechanism of a pathogen resists a given peptide were reviewed in this paper.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of repeated HIV antibody tests among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Wuhan City, so as to provide insights into the development of interventions against AIDS among MSM. Methods: MSM with self-reported homosexual behaviors in a community studio in Wuhan City were recruited using a convenient sampling method from January to April 2019, and participants' demographic features, sexual behaviors, HIV antibody tests and recognition of HIV antibody tests were collected using questionnaires. Factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 300 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a mean age of (31.06±10.24) years. Among all the participants, 196 participants had the first homosexual behaviors over 18 years of age (65.33%), 107 participants were insertive partners (35.67%), and 125 participants received sex-transmitted diseases (STDs) tests in the past six months (41.67%). The mean score for recognizing the risk of HIV infection was 12.41±3.09, for HIV antibody test self-efficiency was 17.07±2.12, and for perceived social supports was 17.42±2.41. A total of 287 respondents received HIV antibody tests (95.67%), including 192 participants receiving repeated HIV antibody tests (64.00%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age of >18 years for the first homosexual sex behavior (OR=0.404, 95%CI: 0.223-0.734), receiving STDs tests in the past six months (OR=3.896, 95%CI: 2.145-7.076), sex role as receptive partners or both receptive and insertive partners (OR=0.502, 95%CI: 0.275-0.917), satisfying with HIV antibody test services (OR=2.955, 95%CI: 1.311-6.660), and high score for HIV antibody test self-efficiency (OR=1.149, 95%CI: 1.005-1.314) were factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests among MSM. Conclusions The detection of repeated HIV antibody tests was 64.00% among MSM in Wuhan City in 2019, and age for the first homosexual behavior, STDs tests, sex role, evaluation of HIV antibody test services and self-efficiency of HIV antibody tests may be factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests among MSM.

Exosome is a self-secreted phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles, and has shown great potential in drug delivery field due to the important advantages of low immunogenicity and homologous targeting. Phototherapy, mainly includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), utilize light to activate photoactive drug for tumor cell killing. The advanced therapeutic strategy shows low toxic side-effect and non-invasion precise advantages, and thus has made great progress in tumor treatment over the past few years. Therefore, using exosomes as a drug delivery system to deliver phototherapeutic agents can improve therapeutic performances with a reduced side-effect, and further enhance their application potential for clinical tumor therapy. This review focus on the rising cross-subjects field involving exosomes and phototherapy, and mainly introduce the research progress and relative case of exosomes-based delivery system for cancer phototherapy. Additionally, the advantages and challenges of exosome-based phototherapy are also discussed and proposed.

Objective To explore the cosmetic effect of oncoplastic volume displacement in breastconserving surgery.Methods 43 cases of breast cancer in stages I and Ⅱ with pathological diagnosis by core needle biopsy were operated by extended resection of tumor combined with axillary lymph nodes dissection.Among the patients,wound cavity was repaired by direct skin suture without suture of mammary gland deletion in 22 cases,and another 21 cases were repaired by oncoplastic volume displacement technique in which skin suture followed by freeing remaining breast tissue flap and translocation to repair the mammary defect.All of them were treated with three-dimension conformal radiotherapy,standard chemotherapy and endocrine therapy after operation.3 years after partial removal of breast,a retrospective historical control study had been fulfilled to analyze breast cosmetic results between two groups.Results In direct suture group,the cosmetology score was 4.3 points and fine rate was 40.9% (9/22).In breast reconstruction group.the score was 4.8 points and fine rate was 71.4% (15/21).The breast cosmetic effect in breast reconstruction group was significantly better than that in direct suture group (P<0.01).Conclusion It will get better breast cosmetic results after operation to utilize oncoplastic volume displacement suture technique in breast-conserving surgery.

Objective To construct the competency model of excellent and common clinical medicine undergraduates according to the competency theory . Methods Literature search was used to screen competency model. Behavioral event interview was used to interview 32 excellent clinical experts. Open questionnaire survey was conducted to 100 clinical medical undergraduates. We compiled the primary competency dictionary based on the above results. To determine the final competency dictionary, Delphi method of 50 experts was used to determine the final competency dictionary. According to the competency dictionary, a questionnaire survey was made to test the excellent and ordinary undergraduate students. Results The 38 features of behavioral event interview and 42 features of open questionnaire survey were combined to 51 features, which were used as the first round of expert questionnaire. Two rounds of expert consultation reached a high degree of coordination. 4 first level indicators: knowledge and skills, social role+values+service characteristics, self-concept and consciousness, personality quality and motivation and 36 features were established as final compentency model. 80 excellent clinical medical undergraduates got score of 143.65 ±23.53, while 100 ordinary undergraduates got score of 133.55 ±35.31 (t=2.29,P=0.023), which indicated the competency model could distinguish excellent and ordinary clinical under-graduates . Conclusion This competency model of clinical undergraduate students is reliable and practical, which can be used in future clinical undergraduate training and evaluation.

Objective: To learn the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of AIDS of men who have sex wth men ( MSM ) in a gay bathhouse, so as to provide evidence for AIDS prevention and control among MSM. Methods: From April to June of 2017, the MSM in a gay bathhouse in Wuhan were investigated. Demographic information, awareness of AIDS related knowledge, attitude towards HIV infection, dating ways and purposes, and high-risk sexual behaviors were collected and analyzed. Results: Among 278 MSM responded, 235 ( 84.53% ) were aware of the basic knowledge of AIDS. The awareness rates of " transfusion with HIV blood will be infected ", " sharing syringes with HIV infected people will be infected ", "proper use of condoms can reduce the spread of AIDS ", " only having sex with one partner ( or few partners ) can reduce the spread of AIDS " were more than 90%, while the awareness rate of " high risk of HIV infection in gay bathhouses " was only 56.12%. Most respondents cared about the HIV infection situation of MSM, accounting for 74.46% ( 207 cases ) ; most denied or did not know the condition of friends infected with HIV, accounting for 82.37% ( 229 cases ) . The main purpose of coming to gay bathhouses was to find sexual partners, accounting for 87.41% ( 243 cases ) . About 52.16% had sexual behaviors with both heterosexual and homosexual partners, and 66.21% of them did not often or never use condoms when having sex with heterosexual partners. Conclusions The MSM in a gay bathouse have lower awareness of HIV infection situation and their partners, both heterosexual and homosexual behaviors, and lower proportion of insisting on condom use.