BACKGROUND: Electroacupuncture has a good clinical effect on Alzheimer disease, but its mechanism remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on number of synaptic numeric density (Nv), surface density (Sv) and average size of synaptic conjunction and ultrastructure in hippocampal CA3 area of neurons of model rats with Alzheimer disease (AD).DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping and controlled study.SETTING: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; College of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Massage of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: A total of 50 male SD rats of 24-month old weighing (480±20) g and 6 male rats of 3-month old weighing (250±15) g were selected in this study. Passage water maze (2.1×1.7×0.6) m3 was made of black glasses with 40 cm deep water and 4 caecums. WQ1002F Hans electrically heated distilling apparatus was used.METHODS: The experiment was carried out at the Grade Ⅲ Animal Experimental Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between, September 2002 and June 2003. ① Old SD rats were grouped on the basis of water-maze test results. Firstly, 6 young rats were submitted to water-maze test at 8 days before modeling for 4 continuous days to obtain average escaping latency. Secondly, 50 old rats were accepted in the water-maze test at 4 continuous days before modeling to obtain average escaping latency. A total of 36 rats whose latencies were less than average values plus one standard deviation of young rats were regarded as normal old rats. Among them, 12 rats were randomly divided into control group and sham operation group with 6 in each. Another 24 rats were transected at fornix-fimbria AD modeling. Thirdly, 24 modeling rats were all adopted in the water-maze test at 2 days after modeling. Rats whose latencies were more than average value plus two standard deviation of young rats were chosen as AD model. Twelve AD models were randomly divided into model group and electroacupuncture group with 6 in each.② On the 6th day after modeling, rats in electroacupuncture group were acupunctured at Baihui (Du20) of 0.5 inch in slope, Yongquan (K1),Taixi (K3) and Xuehai(Sp10) of 0.3 inch in depth with No. 30 milli-needle (3.33 cm); Then, electrically heated distilling apparatus was used with successive waves, 20 Hz in frequency and 2-4 V in voltage. Tolerant stress of rats at quiet state was regarded as the standard value (2 mA),the needle was maintained for 30 minutes, and the acupuncture was done once a day for totally 20 successive days. Rats in control group sham operation group (cerebral cortex was exposured at the same site as model rats, and fornix-fimbria was not cut off) and model group were only fixed but treated with nothing. ③ After treatment, ultrastructure in hippocampal CA3 area of rats was observed with transmission electron microscope;synapse numbers and cross-point numbers between synaptic conjunction and test line were counted with stereological technique; stereological parameters, such as numeric density (Nv), area surface (Sv) and average size of synaptic conjunction, which could reflect plastic changes of synaptic form, were calculated at the same time. ④ Differences between every two groups were compared with t test at regular variance and t'test at irregular variance.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparisons of numeric density (Nv),surface density (Sv) and average size of synaptic conjunction.RESULTS: A total of 24 old rats were involved in the final analysis with 6 in each group. ① Ultrastructure: Synaptic density of control and sham operation group was higher than that of model group, and average area of synapse was smaller;, synaptic density of electroacupuncture group increased compared with that of model group, and average area of synapse was smaller. ② Numeric density and surface density in hippocampal CA3 area in model and electroacupuncture group were lower than those of control group and sham operation group (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between sham operation group and control group (P ＞ 0.05), and those of electroacupuncture group were higher than those of model group (P ＜ 0.01). ③ Average size of synaptic conjunction in hippocampal CA3 of model and electroacupuncture group was higher than that of control and sham operation group (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between sham operation group and control group (P ＞ 0.05), and the value of electroacupuncture group was lower than that of model group (P ＜ 0.01). CONCLUSION: Electrotherapy can repair synaptic form and inhibit synaptic degeneration of hippocampal neurons in AD rats.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the neuroprotective effect of electroacupuncture therapy on damaged cholinergic neurons in hippocampus in aged rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: Thirty six aged male rats were randomly divided into normal control group, sham-operated group, untreated group and electroacupuncture group. Animal model of AD was established with fimbria-fornix transection. The rats in the electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture on Baihui (DU 20), Yongquan (KI 1), Taixi (KI 3) and Xuehai (SP10). The activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in septal area of brain was detected by radioimmunoassay, and the protein expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and c-fos in CA3 region of hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS: The ChAT activity and the expression levels of NGF and c-fos proteins in the electroacupuncture group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group. CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture therapy can protect cholinergic neurons in hippocampus in aged rats with AD by means of promoting synthesis of c-fos protein and increasing the expression level of NGF.

Objective To study the value of clinical application of leukocyte classification alarm system (Q‐Flag ) for Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer .Methods 394 blood samples with alarm system (Q‐Flag) and 190 ones without abnormal alarm infor‐mation detected by the Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer were performed to observe the quantity and morphology of blood cells by manual differentiation ,and the results were compared between them .Results The alarm system of Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer in detecting cell morphologic abnormalities was 100 .0% for sensitivity ,62 .3% for specificity ,70 .8% for positive predic‐tive value and 100 .0% for negative predictive value .Based on thegold standardof manual differentiation ,no abnormal cells were observed in those blood samples without Q‐Flag alarm information and the coincidence rate was 100% .The coincidence rate of leu‐kocyte classification was from 0 .0% to 75 .0% for blood cell analyzer when the alarm system (Q‐Flag) was between 100U and 200U ,and that was from 66 .7% to 95 .6% when the alarm system (Q‐Flag) was between 200U and 300U .Conclusion The alarm system sensitivity of leukocyte classification alarm system (Q‐Flag) is high for Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer ,and it is nec‐essary to manually differentiate the samples with abnormal Q‐Flag in order to provide accurate and reliable clinical diagnostic infor‐mation .

Adult ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications

Objective:To explore the correlation between the characteristics of contrast-enhanced sonography of intraoperative glioblastoma multiform (GBM) and molecular markers of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1(IDH1).Methods:A retrospective analysis were performed in 30 patients who underwent neurosurgery and pathologically confirmed to be GBM at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from May 2018 to April 2019. All neurosurgical glioblastoma patients after craniotomy underwent conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) guided navigation. The characteristics of the ultrasound imaging (whether the tumor involves the structure of the corpus callosum, the clarity of the tumor boundary after enhanced ultrasound and whether the tumor has necrotic areas with enhanced ultrasound images) were analyzed. The ratio between tumor necrosis area and whole tumor area (N/W) was measured, and the correlation with IDH1 gene expression was analyzed.Results:There were statistical differences in clarity of tumor boundary after CEUS and tumor necrosis after CEUS between positive IDH1 and negative IDH1 groups(all P<0.05). The positive expression of IDH1 was negatively correlated with the N/W area of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound mode( r=-0.756, P<0.05), suggesting that the expression level of IDH1 gene was negatively correlated with the area of tumor necrosis. Conclusions:Ultrasound contrast agent examination can more accurately distinguish the active proliferation area, hemorrhagic necrosis area and peripheral edema area of glioblastoma. Accurately identifying the extent of tumor necrosis area through ultrasound contrast agent examination can predict expression of IDH1.

Phospholipase D(PLD) is ubiquitous in bacteria,fungi,and mammal.In pathogenic microorganisms,PLD can be pathogenic determinant and play a role in spore generation.In mammalian cells,PLD functions in several signal transduction pathways,such as membrane transportation,mitosis regulation,and actin cytoskeleton regulation.In the process of pathogens invasion host cells,both of the pathogen and host cells’ PLD will be activated and a series of cascade reaction will be generated.During this process,pathogen’s PLD can regulate the polymerization and reorganization of its own actin filaments and induce the polymerization or reorganization of the host cell actin filaments near the foci,thus to promote the phagocytosis of the pathogen by host cell.Investigating the role of PLD activation in the infection will be significance for further understanding the molecular mechanism of pathogen-host cell interaction.

OBJECTIVETo explore the procedures of dynamic infusion cavernosometry and cavernosography (DICC) and their application in the diagnosis and classification of venous erectile dysfunction (VED).

METHODSThis study included 103 ED patients, aged 20 to 43 years, highly suspected of VED, with disease courses of 4 months to 6 years. DICC was performed and analyses were made on the results, especially the parameters of flow-to-maintain (FTM) and pressure decay (PD) in the corpus cavernosum.

RESULTSBased on the parameters of FTM and PD, 21 of the patients were normal, 5 were suspected of VED, 39 had mild VED, 25 had moderate VED, and 13 had severe VED. Penile subcutaneous hematoma was found in 4 of the patients, all recovered after 3 to 5 days, with no other complications.

CONCLUSIONDICC is a reliable, safe and minimally invasive method for the diagnosis and classification of VED.

Diagnostic Techniques, Urological ; adverse effects ; Hematoma ; etiology ; Humans ; Impotence, Vasculogenic ; classification ; diagnosis ; Male ; Penile Diseases ; etiology ; Penis ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Veins

8 ?g/ml were 7 strains in prophylactic treatment group and 3 strains in non-fluconazole prophylactic treatment group respectively.The two groups had significant difference (x~2=8.75,P

The oncogenic product of BCR-ABL is an abnormal tyrosine kinase that causes chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). With further research into the pathogenesis of CML, the discovery of compounds that selectively inhibit abnormal BCR-ABL tyrosine kinases is a research focus worthy of attention. The first three generations of BCR-ABL inhibitors are orthosteric inhibitors, which competitively block the binding of ABL protein tyrosine kinase to ATP and prevent it from activating downstream signals. The fourth-generation BCR-ABL inhibitors allosterically inhibit ABL protein tyrosine kinase by binding to the myristoyl pocket, providing greater selectivity and maintaining activity against drug-resistant mutations proteins. Novel drug design strategies such as proteolytic targeting chimera (PROTAC), covalent inhibitors and dual targeting inhibitors also provide new directions for the development of BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors. This paper reviews recent research advances on BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors and discusses drug design strategies for various novel BCR-ABL inhibitors.

Objective To explore the effect of the three-dimensional examination application on the education of nursing aesthetics.Methods Totals of 126 students of grade 2006 were considered as experimental group,received the three-dimensional examination,while 120 students of grade 2005 were served as control group that received the traditional examination.Questionnaire and semi-structured procedure method were used to evaluate the examination method.Results The evaluations of students about the examination method such as satisfaction,fairness,learning interest,attention degree,cultivating of originality thinking and team work in experimental group were significantly higher than that in control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Average scores about the students'appearance and human sprit of experimental group were ( 3.93 ± 0.19 ),( 3.87 ± 0.19 ) and that of control group were (2.97 ± 0.20),(2.90 ± 0.18),and the difference was statistically significant (t =3.488,3.676,respectively; P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Three-dimensional examination can evaluate completely if students meet the demand of teaching,and it is good at improving comprehensive quality of nurses and promote the teachers' teaching abilities.