ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of clinical feature in the source localization of epileptogenic zone in children with frontal lobe epilepsy.MethodsThirty children who were diagnosed frontal lobe epilepsy consecutively admitted to the pediatric department of Shengjing hospital from Oct 2010 to Jun 2011 were recruited for retrospective study.All the cases were subject to video-electroencephalogram monitoring.Results Seventy-six episodes with clear origins of the electroencephalogram were monitored in 30 cases,including orbital frontal attack 11 times (14.5％),dorsolateral frontal attack 33 times (43.4％),mesial frontal attack 32 times (42.1％ ).The correlation analysis showed that the head and eye deviation (47 times,61.8％ ),asymmetric tonic seizures (32 times,42.1％ ) and parakinesia seizures (29 times,38.2％ ) prompted the focus was located in the dorsolateral frontal and mesial frontal.But there was no significant difference between the two areas ( x2 =10.58,9.67,11.55,P ＞0.05).The vocalization,manual pedal automatism and emotional seizure prompted the focus was located in the dorsolateral frontal and orbitofrontal;and the emotional seizure was significant differences between the two areas(x2 =38.68,P ＜0.001 ).Emotional seizure was the characteristic of orbitofrontal attack.Conclusion The clinical features have important significance in the judgment of the source localization of epileptogenic zone in children with frontal lobe epilepsy.The emotional seizure could be considered as the characteristic attack of orbitofrontal.

Objective To establish the FCM method of non invasive detection of fetal ABO and Rh(D) blood groups in maternal blood.Methods Using absorption and elution method, we obtained the IgG anti A and anti B from human sera. The IgG anti A, B, D were used as the first antibody to react with RBCs in maternal peripheral blood.The goat anti human IgG F(ab')2 FITC was used as the second antibody to conjugate anti A, B, D antibodies, Meanwhile anti i PE was used to mark fetal RBCs in maternal peripheral blood.The fluorescence dot plot diagrams of maternal and fetal cells acquired by FCM were used to detect fetal ABO and Rh(D) blood groups.Results Peripheral blood from 69 pregnant women between 8 and 39 weeks of gestation were studied.Fetal cells could not be found in 13 samples.Of the remaining 56 samples,fetal red cells were identified successfully with ABO/Rh(D) blood types identical to those tested after the birth of the baby.Conclusion In women with fetomaternal hemorrhage(FMH) during pregnancy,the FCM method established by the author can accurately and non invasively detect the blood groups of fetuses.This method can possibly be used for diagnosis of hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Objective: To research the functional segments of B-FA molecule binding invariant chain and their characters. Methods:The DNA segments (α1α2, sα1α2 and α3TC ) of B-FA genes were respectively cloned and inserted into prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression plasmids,then they were singly or co-transfected with Ii gene into the engineering bacteria E. coli (BL-21)or 293T cells. After induction of expression,affinity chromatography and SDS-PAGE identification,the binding between B-FA segments and Ii molecule and co-localization in cells were observed with Pull-down and Western blot. Results:First three recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmids and four recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmids were constructed. The single molecules expressed by B-FA segments were observed after an affinity chromatography. Secondly the complexes of Ii/B-FA-α1α2 and Ii/B-FA-sα1α2 were detected by a Pull-down from the co-transfected corresponding prokaryotic expression plasmids,but no complex of Ii andα3TC,also in the western blot it was detected that B-FA-α1α2 or B-FA-sα1α2 as functional segment could bind Ii to form complex. Finally in eukaryotic expression 293T cells B-FA-sα1α2 kept localization, the same as B-FA. Conclusion: Chicken B-FA-α1α2 is function segment to bind with Ii molecule and keeps the location characters same as B-FA. The results of this research first time provide experimental evidence about B-FA functional region binding segment to Ii molecule.

BACKGROUND: ABO is the most important blood group system for blood transfusion. Though widely used in determining ABO blood group for its simplicity and rapidity, serological technology has its inherent limitation, for which ABO genotyping provides a valuable alternative.OBJECTIVE: To study ABO gene polymorphism in Chinese Han population and apply ABO genotyping technique to solve serological problems in clinical practice of blood transfusion.DESIGN: Comparison of ABO genotyping results of random selected samples with those of routine serological phenotyping.SETTING: An institute of transfusion medicine in a municipal blood center.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 260 unrelated healthy Chinese blood donors of Han nationality were randomly selected in Shenzhen Blood Center from March to December in 2002, including 110 male and 150 female subjects aged between 18 and 50 years. A sample with discrepancy in serological ABO phenotype was from our blood center, and the donor' s family was investigated. Six samples suspected to be A2 phenotype by serological test were from four hospitals in Shenzhen including the Second People' s Hospital of Shenzhen.METHODS: The DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood by rapid salt fractionation, and subjected to polymerase chain reaction(PCR) with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) to amplify the ABO gene for ABO genotyping. The alleles of the blood type difficult to determine were amplified with PCR-SSP on the basis of serologic tests including absorption and elution test and agglutination inhibition assay of salivary blood-group substances.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Genotypes and phenotypes of the blood samples from 260 individuals and of the samples with serological ABO discrepancy.RESULTS: In the 260 Chinese Han individuals, in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the gene frequencies of O1, B, A1O1(A467c), A1O2/1O3(A467T) alleles were 0. 582 7, 0. 184 6, 0. 009 6, and 0. 2231, respectively. Two of the six individuals with difficulty of blood type determination and suspected to have A2 phenotype by serological tests proved to have A2O1O1 genotype, and the rest were all of A1O2/A1O3O1. Three children of a family with difficult identification were para-Bombay types, and their ABO types were A102B, A102B and A102O1, respectively.CONCLUSION: ABO PCR-SSP genotyping is simple, rapid and accurate and can be a valuable complement to serological identification.

T missense mutation in exon 7. No novel point mutation at exons 6 and 7 of ABO gene was detected in the other four samples with B subgroup. Conclusion We define this allele as a novel B allele in Chinese Han individuals. The mutation of this novel allele in which the nucleotide changes from C to T at position 721 in exon 7, resulting in an amino acid change from Arg to Trp, results in the decrease of the enzyme activity. It indicates that the alteration of amino acid at position of 241 is critical to the activity of glycosyltransferases.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum cytokines and explore their role in infants with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Methods We recruited 41 positive CMV-IgM plus normal ALT infants (other disease group), 30 positive CMV-IgM plus abnormal ALT infants (hepatitis group) and 30 healthy infants (control group) in the study. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?), interferon-?(IFN-?) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in serum were measured with ELISA. The association between TNF-? and ALT was analyzed. Results The levels of TNF-?, IFN-?, IL-4 were higher, and IFN-?/IL-4 was significantly lower in the two CMV infection groups than the control group. Compared with other disease group, the changes of TNF-?, IL-4, and IFN-?/IL-4 showed significance in hepatitis group. The level of TNF-? showed a positive association with ALT in hepatitis group(r=0.76,P

Objective To explore the characteristics of gait and surface electromyography (sEMG) of underwater treadmill training (UWTT). Methods From January to September, 2015, gait and sEMG parameters of ten healthy adults were synchronously collected using three-dimensional gait analysis system and sEMG systems on land and UWTT. Results When walking in self comfortable speed, compared with walk on land, there was significant increase in gait cycle (t=-11.411, P<0.001) and percentage of the swing phase (t=-5.252, P<0.05), significant reduction in walking speed (Z=-2.803, P<0.01) and step frequency (t=7.421, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in step strength (Z=-0.357, P>0.05). The integral electromyography of biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior muscle were significant less than iEMG on land (t>3.984, P<0.01), but no significant difference of rectus femoris (t=0.054, P>0.05). Conclusion There are signifi-cant differences in gait and muscle contraction intensity between land walking and UWTT. The dynamic physiology and neural control of UWTT need further study.

OBJECTIVETo explore rest, cold compress and elevate (RICE) with rest, compress and elevate (RCE) without cold for the treatment of acute ankle sprain, in order to clear mid-term clinical effects.

METHODSEighty-nine patients with acute ankle sprains were collected from January 2013 to March 2014,including 30 males and 59 females aged from 18 to 60 years old with an average of 36 years old; the time from injury to hospital ranged from 3 to 24 h with an average of 9 h. All patients were divided into two groups according to visiting sequence. There were 45 patients in RICE group, and 45 patients in RCE groups. The main therapeutic effect index was evaluated by Karlsson scoring, and secondary therapeutic effect index was pain and satisfactory VAS scores. Safety index evaluated by adverse event.

RESULTSOn the 2nd weeks after injury, Karlsson score in RICE group was 44.66 ± 11.58, and 46.67 ± 8.52 in RCE group, while there was no statistical significance between two groups in Karlsson scores (P > 0.05). Karlsson score of two groups after treatment were higher than before treatment. There was no significantly meaning in pain and satisfactory VAS scores between two groups (P > 0.05). No adverse reaction were occurred between two groups.

CONCLUSIONCold compress did not receive much more final gains, and no evidence showed cold compress could affect recovery of joint function.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Case-Control Studies ; Cold Temperature ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sprains and Strains ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To investigate the current status of coal-burning endemic fluorosis and the fluoride content in foods and drinking water in Hongya County,Sichuan Province.Methods Dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride were suveyed in children of 8～12 years old in two schools which repectively located in Gaomiao and Wawushan Town.The adults above 20 years old underwent clinical examination.At the same time,fifty adults above 20 years old in Garden Village were chosen to take forearm and calf X-ray films to find out the evidence of skeletal fluorosis.The content of fluoride in food such as bacon,corn,dry capsicum in Sanxing Village in Gaomiao Town and Futian Village in Wawushan Town as well as drinking water in five families in Sanxing Village were determined.Results The dental fluorosis rate of children was 40.76%(161/395),the dental fluorosis index was 0.86 in Gaomiao Town.The dental fluorosis rate of children was 14.36%(82/571),the dental fluorosis index was 0.31 in Wawushan Town.The medium value of the urine fluoride was 0.81 mg/L.ranged 0.16～3.89 mg/L.The positive rate oi the clinical examination of skeletal fluorosis was 5.27%(27/512),the X-rays detective rate was 4.00%(2/50).The medium value in bacon,corn,dry capsicum were 6.00,0.64,1.49 mg/kg.The averaged content of the fluoride in drinking water(0.14±0.06)mg/L of local household was within the eligible limitation.Conclusions It is currently a mild endemic disease in Hongya Country,its incidence is reduced apparently,pathogenetic environmental fluoride content is reduced.The main source of fluoride is from the preserved ham contaminated with fluoride,which is epidemiologically significant in endemic area of Hongya County.Defluoriding countermeasures should be taken in the endemic areas.

Objective To examine the association between one-hour plasma glucose (1-hPG) level during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and serum lipid profiles in individuals with NGT. Methods 6 402 individuals with NGT who underwent a 75 g OGTT were screened from four communities of Hefei suburban areas, aged over 40 years. Then 1 291 cases of NGT were randomly selected as the object of this research by random data table method. They were divided into NGT-1 group (1-h PG < 8.6 mmol/L, n = 597)and NGT-2 group(1-h PG≥8.6 mmol/L, n = 694). Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to assess correlations between 1-h PG levels and lipid profiles. Results (1) The average values of body mass index were 24.3 kg/m2 in NGT-1 group, and 24.5 kg/m2 in NGT-2 group. (2) Compared with individuals in NGT-1 group , fasting plasma glucose , two-hour plasma glucose during OGTT , HbA1c , triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c) levels, TG/HDL-c ratios, and total cholesterol(TCH)/HDL-c ratios were significantly higher in individuals than in NGT-2 group. By contranst, body mass index, blood pressure , TCH and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were not significantly different between NGT-1 group and NGT-2 group. (3) The multiple linear regression analyses showed that 1 h PG levels positively correlated with TG in individuals in both NGT-1 group and NGT-2 group (P < 0.01). In addition, 1-h PG levels negatively correlated with HDL-c ratio in both groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion 1-h PG levels during OGTT in overweight individuals with NGT closely correlate with HDL-c and TG levels.