Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; cytology ; Humans ; Macrophages ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; pathology ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of inhaling magnesium sulfate on infants with acute bronc-hiolitis. Methods Ninty infants with bronchiolitis were divided into 3 groups randomly and received either magnesium sulfate infusion inhalation or intravenous injection or normal saline inhalation respectively. The change of parameters of each group were observed and compared. Results Magnesium sulfate inhalation group and intravenous injection group were superior to control group in terms of the improvement of blood gas, clinical scores, continuous time of symptoms,signs, hospital days and clinical total efficiency(P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the biological and molecular biological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae in burn patients in order to give the first hand information for preventing and controlling of hospital acquired infections.METHODS The identification was done by Bio-Merieux ATB expression.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed with K-B method.The plasmid DNA was extracted by Alkaline Lysis,and separated by electrophoresis on the gel.The ESBLs detection was based on NCCLS.RESULTS The K.pneumoniae from the burn patients and the environment were sensitive to CIP,FOX and IPM,but showed resistance to the rest 12 antibiotics.The plasmid DNA profile analysis showed 3 types,and the relative molecular mass was approximately 4.7?106,3.6?106 and 2.0?106.The molecular biological characteristics showed these pathogens were ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,which was different from the control bacteria.At the same time,the pathogens caused the original infection were detected,and they were accordingly Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pyogenes,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.CONCLUSIONS The outbreak in burn patients is caused by ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,which has the same antibiotic resistance spectrum and plasmid DNA profile.This ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae has the same origin.The pathogen might be transmitted by the case history clips and the door knobs.It was suggested that something must be done to enhance the antisepsis administration in order to prevent the hospital acquired infection.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Ammonium Sulfate ; analysis ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; methods ; Workplace

Fluorescent staining method is a sensitive cytochemical staining method, it can reflect minimal changes of biochemical components of cells. The 7690-Xu fluorescent staining solution prepared with thioflavine can show the heterogeneo- us fluorescence of cells in different stages of differentiation. The younger cells with low degree of differentiation show blue fluorescence, the lower the degree the deeper the color. Along with the differentiation of cells, the blue color of fluorescence deflects to the red color of spectrum gradually, the blue color of fluorescence of cytoplasm changes gradually to bluish, bluish-green, and finally yellow color. The blue color of fluorescence of nucleus changes through greyish- blue to orangeyellow or orange-red.The cytoplasm of cells in various organs with high degree of differentiation appears yellow, and the nucleus orange-yellow or orange-red in color.

Objective To investigate the status of the disease of the fluorosis and arsenism caused by coal-burning in Ankang city of Shaanxi. Methods Nine survey spots were chosen to carry out the epidemiological investigation of adult skeletal fluorosis and arsenism in the coal-polluted areas of Ankang, respectively using Determination of Fluorine in Coal (GB/T 4633-1997) to determine the coal fluorine and using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry(HCAFS) to determine coal arsenic. The diagnose of the adult skeletal fluorosis followed the Diagnosis of Clinical Classification for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis Standard(GB 16396-1996), that of arsenism using Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsensim (WS/T 211-2001). Results Totally 569 adults were investigated over the age of 16, among which 121 cases were skeletal fluorosis, with a total detection rate of 21.27%. Four cases of II degree and higher skeletal fluorosis patients were identified, accounting for 0.70% of the number of subjects. One hundred and thirty-two cases of arsenic poisonin were detected, in a rate of 23.20%. Ninety-five patients were identified with moderate or severe arsenic poisoning, accounting for 16.69% of subjects. A positive correlation was found between the detection rates of the skeletal fluorosis and the arsenism(r = 0.816, P < 0.01), as well as between the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis and fluoride content of coal(r = 0.775, P < 0.05). The detection rate of arsenism and arsenic content of coal also had close relationship (r = 0.761, P < 0.05). The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in the group aged 40 - ,50 - , and 60 - [27.20%(34/125) ,29.27%(36/123), 28.13%(36/128)] was increased, compared the group of less than 40 years age[7.77%( 15/193), X~2 = 21.969,25.648,23.856,P<0.01].For the detection rate of arsenism,male[33.67%(99/294)]was obviously higher than female[12.00%(33/275),)(X~2=37.162,P<0.01].Conclusions A high detection rate of fhorosis is correlated with arsenic poisoning,but the probability of the two diseases simultaneously occurred in a person is not high.In this polluted area.when fluoride accumulates to a certain level as in aduh,the detection rates no longer varies obviously;however,that of arsenism increases along with the age.

Objective To evaluate postoperative complications of laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical total gastrectomy for gastric cancer as compared with open procedures. Methods In this study,358 patients of gastric cancer undergoing laparoscopy-assisted D2 total gastrectomy or open D2 total gastrectomy between January 2011 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Patients were non-randomly divided into laparoscopic group ( LAP,n =165 ) and open surgery group ( OPEN,n =193 ).Operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay and complications were compared between the two groups. Results Operative time [ 225 ( 195 - 340 ) min vs.230 ( 195 - 300 ) min,P ＞0.05 ] and number of lymph nodes dissected [ (26 ± 4) vs.(27 ± 4 ),P ＞ 0.05] between the LAP group and the OPEN group were not significantly different.Compared with OPEN group,blood loss in the LAP group was less [ 160 ( 80 - 600 ) ml vs.270 ( 150 - 600) ml,P ＜ 0.01 ] and postoperative hospital stay was shorter [ ( 11.4 ± 2.6) d vs.( 13.7 ± 2.4) d,P ＜ 0.01 ].Postoperative complications developed in 18 patients in the LAP group and in 30 patients in the OPEN group,the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusions In the hands of experienced surgeons laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical total gastrectomy for gastric cancer is safe,effective and miniinvasive.

AIM:To analyze the characteristics of optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) in diabetic optic neuropathy ( DON ) retrospectively.
●METHODS:Retrospective study. A total of 175 cases of type ll diabetes with fundus lesions from Dec. 2013 to Dec. 2015 were selected and the clinical information was collected. These cases were diagnosed by consultation between Departments of Ophthalmology and Endocrinology in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiao Tong University. The results of body examination were recorded and cases were examined by color fundus photography, fluorescein fundus angiography ( FFA) and OCT. All these data were analyzed.
●RESULTS: A total of 49 cases ( 90 eyes, 25. 7%) were diagnosed DON through FFA which manifested abnormal fluorescence in optic papilla. Results of OCT showed:among 90 eyes of DON patients, 15 eyes ( 16. 7%) had normal optic nerve form; 20 eyes(22. 2%) of excavation of optic disc became smaller or disappeared, with prelaminar tissue and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) swelling;26 eyes (28. 9%) manifested optic cup deep and cup/disc ratio increasing;18 eyes (20. 0%) had tissue hyperplasia in the hollow or on the surface of optic disc; 11 eyes(12. 3%) had symptoms including vitreous traction optic papilla and optic disc rim rising. DON eyes which had similar fluorescence features could manifest different tissue morph by OCT.
●CONCLUSION: FFA defines DON by change of blood circulation in optic nerve. However, OCT can show differences of tissue morph of optic nerve that FFA fails to do. So OCT can manifest the causes and sites of optic neuropathy more clearly and also provide basis for treatment. The advantages of OCT are conducive to reviews and curative effect tracking among DON patients and these advantages including noninvasive, convenient, inexpensive and repeatable.

Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of glomerular injury in diabetes mellitus by determining whether epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is caused by high glucose in mice podocytes. Methods Using mice glomerular podocyte cell line as an in vitro system, podocytes were incubated with glucose(12.5 mmol/L, 25 mmol/L, 50 mmol/L) and mannitol (50 mmol/L) for 36 hours. Then the cells were collected and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), CD2 associated protein (CD2AP) and Wilms' tumor 1 gene (WT-1) was detected by Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence staining. Results Under low glucose (5.6 mmol/L) and mannitol (50 mmol/L) condition, there were high expression of CD2AP and WT-1, and low expression of α-SMA and FN in mice podocytes. After 36 hours treatment with high glucose (12.5 mmol/L), the expression of α-SMA and FN in podocytes was significantly increased, and the expression of α-SMA and FN was further up-regulated with the increase of glucose dosage (25, 50 mmol/L). The indirect immunofluorescence staining revealed the similar result, and the percentage of positive α-SMA cells was also increased compared with low glucose and mannital group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, Western blot showed that high glucose could down-regulate the expressions of CD2AP and WT-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion EMT may be a potential pathway leading to podocyte dysfunction and glomerular injury under high glucose conditions.

Objective To study the effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist(GnRHa)against car-boplation-induced gonadotoxicity in rats. Methods Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups which received carboplation, GnRHa + carboplation, GnRHa and normal saline respectively(n=10 for each group). Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta and the levels of blood follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E<2>) were determined. Both ovaries and uterus of each rat were removed to measure the amount and the maturity of follicles. Body mass and morphological and pathological features of the rats were also observed. Results Compared with that in control group, the body mass of ovary and uterus decreased (P<0.05), and a significant reduction was observed in the number of ovarian follicles at each grade (P<0.05). The levels of E2 significantly lowered (P<0.05) and the level of FSH markedly ascended in group carboplation. Compared with that in group carboplation, the amount of primitive follicles significantly increased in group GnRHa + carboplation (P<0.05), and carboplation showed markedly protective effect on the ovarian and uterine morphological construction of rats. Conclusion Gn-Rha, appliying to preventing the rat reproduction damage in advance, has the certain protective function.