Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Vascular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To investigate the curative effect of large dose ambroxol on ventilatorassociated pneumonia(VAP)in the elderly.Methods From January 2009 to January 2011,76patients with VAP treated by ambroxol were randomly divided into general dose group and large dose group(n =38 for each group).General dose group received 60 mg ambroxol in 250 ml normal saline,and large dose group received 500 mg ambroxol in 250 ml normal saline,intravenous drip,twice daily for 14 d.The other therapeutic measures in all patients were accorded to 2005 guidelines for the hospital-acquired pneumonia.Procalcitonin(PCT)and clinical pulmonary infection score(CPIS)were used to detect the degree of pulmonary infection.Treatment effects were described with duration of mechanical ventilation,rates of tracheotomy intubation and second endotracheal intubation.Results PCT concentrations and CPIS in large dose group during treatment of 5 d[(0.79±0.68)mg/L and (5.50±2.08)scores]and 14 d[(0.44 ± 0.36)mg/L and(5.42 ± 2.23)scores]were significantly lower than in general dose group at 5 d[(1.18±0.97)mg/L and(6.61±2.32)scores]and 14 d[(1.11±0.91)mg/L and(6.47±2.17)scores](t =2.065,2.189,4.220 and 2.090,P＜0.05),and the level of PCT in large dose group during treatment of 14 d was decreased as compared with 5 d(P＜0.05).The time of mechanical ventilation,rates of tracheotomy intubation and second endotracheal intubation in large dose group[(6.03± 1.87)d,7.9％ and 10.5％]were declined as compared with general dose group[(7.24±2.72)d,26.3％ and 31.6％](t=2.264,x2 =4.547,5.066,P＜0.05).Conclusions Ambroxol in large dose for the treatment of VAP have better clinical efficacy than in general dose.

Objective To characterize the image morphology and time-intensity curve of renal cell cancer and angiomyolipoma on contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography. Methods A total of 57 patients with 58 renal masses were enrolled in this study prospectively. The renal masses included 47 renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and 11 angiomyolipomas (AML). All patients were evaluated by tradi-tional gray-scale sonography, color Doppler sonography and contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography. Imaging findings and time-intensity curves of all renal masses were analyzed. The contrast-enhance-ment features between RCC and AML were analyzed. Results 57.4% of RCCs were hyperechoic masses and peripheral surrounding vessels and / or penetrating vessels were noted in 83.0% of RCCs on color Doppler sonography. 54.5 % of AMLs were hyperechoic masses while peripheral surrounding vessels and / or penetrating vessels were only noted in 27.3% of AMLs on color Doppler sonography. On contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography, hyper- or iso-enhancement were noted in 83.0% of RCCs, while hypo-enhancement were noted in 81.8% of AMLs (P<0.01). Statistically significant differences were noted between RCC and AML in the values of peak time (P=0.03), wash time (p= 0.02), peak intensity-basic intensity (P=0. 01), AT/R (△A tumor/△A renal) (P=0.00), k (P= 0.02), and Aok (P=0.02). Conclusions Contrast-enhanced sonography is useful in the differentia-tion of renal masses. Most RCCs are hyper- or iso-enhanced while most AMLs are hypo-enhanced. Time-intensity curves are helpful in differentiating RCC and AML.

Objective To study the clinical and genetic features of familial paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesias (PKD). Methods The clinical information of PKD patients from 3 Han families was analyzed and the pedigrees were further investigated. Results There were 25 PKD cases in 3 families, including 16 males and 9 females. The onset age ranged from 1 to 10 years. The attacks were provoked by voluntary movements and each attack lasted less than 30 seconds with no loss of consciousness. No neurological signs and abnormal examination were detected during the intermittent period. There were 10 to 50 attacks per day, but the frequency commonly decreased with the increase of age. The attacks can be controlled by carbamazepine. The disease was inherited in an autosomal dominant mode. Males were affected more severely than females. Conclusions The main inheritance mode of familial PKD is autosomal dominant. There may be clinic or genetic heterogeneity.

Benzene ; poisoning ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration ; United States

Objective To assess the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in tumor mass and peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer and explore their clinical significance. Methods The PGE2 levels in tumor mass, tumor margins of excision and peripheral blood of 40 patients with gastric cancer were measured by a kit of PGE2 ELISA. Results The PGE2 levels were higher in the tissues of gastric cancer than in tumor margins of excision [(8.225?2.425) vs (1.669?0.287) ng/g, P

Objective To investigate the present situation of quality of life in the elderly residents aged more than 60 years in Zhanjiang city and to analyze its influence factors .Methods 418 elderly residents over 60 years sampled by the random sampling in Zhanjiang city were performed the questionnaire survey by using the Chinese Scale of World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL-BREF) .Results The quality of life in the physical ,psychological and environmental fields in male residents was higher than that in the female residents ;which in the psychological and environmental fields in the high cultural level residents was higher than that in the low cultural level residents ;which in the social relations field in the high income residents was higher than that in the low in-come residents ;there were no statistical differences in the quality of life among the elderly residents with different occupations be-fore retirement and marital status ;the Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and occupation were the influence factors of quality of life self evaluation in elderly residents .Conclusion Gender ,occupation ,educational level and income level are the influ-ence factors of quality of life in elderly residents .

Objective To investigate the effects of soluble components derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and liver regeneration caused by 70％ portal branch ligation (PBL) in rats.Methods Isolated and cultured BMSCs were lysed by sonication.PBL was performed in male SD rats followed by splenic injection of BMSCs or PBS as control.Animals were analyzed for liver regeneration index,hepatocytes proliferation,hepatic function,histopathological changes,and hepatic genes expression.Expression of VEGF was assessed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results The liver regeneration index increased in the BMSCs group especially 2 and 5 days after PBL compared with the control group (P＜0.05) and reached (51.71±1.62)％ and (76.82±0.81)％ respectively.A 2-fold increase was showed in the PCNA labeling index of hepatocytes in rats treated with BMSCs compared with the control group (P＜0.05).Histopathological findings showed that vacuolar change and sinusoidal congestion were lower in the BMSCs group.Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transferase (AST) showed no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).On post operation day 2,hepatic interleukin-6 (IL6),tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα),hepatocyte growth factor (HGF),vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA),and vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2) mRNAs tended to increase in the BMSCs group (P＜0.05) while transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) mRNA decreased (P＜0.05).Western blot showed that the expression level of VEGF in the two groups were equal 2 and 5 days after surgery (P＞0.05).On day 2 post operation,positive VEGF immunoreactivity was present in both pericentral and periportal hepatocytes in the BMSCs group,while only in periportal hepatocytes in the control group.Conclusion These results demonstrate that BMSCs accelerated liver regeneration caused by PBL,which may result from hepatoprotection,enhanced hepatocyte proliferation,and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis early after the operation,potentially creating a new avenue for the study of hepatic regeneration.

Remarkable progress has been achieved in the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)for the treatment of liver injury and hepatic failure.However,there are obstacles such as low engraftment capacity,tumorigenesis,and a fibrogenic potential that all hamper the use of MSCs in clinical trials.Therefore,it is worthwhile to talk about the alternatives that will increase the safety and efficacy of MSCs therapy.To date,applications of MSCs-derived hepatocytes,genetically modified MSCs,or MSC-conditioned medium for promoting liver regeneration have shown encouraging results.This review summarizes the current applications of MSCs in the study of hepatic regeneration.

Objective To study the effect of interleukin 2(IL-2)of clinical dose range,on the proliferation of human peripheral blood T cells,with special emphasis on the number and functional phenotype of γδT cells.Methods Human peripheral blood mononuelear cells(PBMCs)were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured for 2 weeks at different IL-2 concentrations.Ratio and phenotype of different T cell subpopulations before and after in vitro expansion were explored by immunofluorescence staining.Cell number was estimated by trypan blue staining and cell counting.Results Within the four functional phenotypes of Vδ1 as well as Vδ2 γδT cells,CD27~+cells(including CD27~+CD45RA~+and CD27~+CD45RA~-subsets)expressed lymphoid tissue homing receptor CCR7,whereas CD27~-cells(including CD27~-CD45RA~+and CD27~-CD45RA~-subsets)had the peripheral tissue homing potential.All the studied γδT functional subsets showed the expression of activity related receptors,and the ability of a rapid production of various amount of cytotoxicity related effectors following mitogen stimulation.Although IL-2 at high concentration suppressed the proliferation of CD4 T cells,it may promote the proliferation of γδT cells.The proliferated γδT cells were mainly CD27~-CD45RA~-effector cells.Conclusion IL-2 of the clinical dose range may promote proliferation of human peripheral blood γδT cells,which might have important biological significance in IL-2 based anti-tumor therapy.