Background Refractive lens exchange is one of corrective surgeries for high myopic eyes and is concerned in clinic recently. Its clinical value is worthy of consideration. Objective This study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of refractive lens exchange for high myopic eyes. Methods Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation was performed on 124 eyes of 65 patients with high myopia. The mean age of these patients was 51. 4±8. 57 years old,and the preoperative corrected visual acuity was 4. 11±0. 51. The mean spherical equivalent was ( -20. 17±5. 34) D. The mean axial length was (31. 33±2. 08) mm and intraocular lens power 2. 88 D. The follow-up time was 31 months. The uncorrective visual acuity, best corrective visual acuity, the spherical equivalent lens and complications were observed after operation. Written informed consent was obtained prior to the surgery. Results The uncorrective visual acuity improved after the operation in all the eyes. The uncorrective visual acuity was ≥0.5 in 15 eyes(12% ). The best corrected visual acuity improved in 114 eyes (92% ) following the surgery and that of 64 eyes (51. 6% ) was 2s 0. 5. The mean postoperative spherical equivalent was ( -2. 57 ± 1. 76 ) D in the entire follow-up duration. Posterior capsular opacification was found in 58 eyes (46. 7% ) and received laser capsulotomy. Retinal detachment occurred in 4 eyes throughout the follow-up period. Conclusion Refractive lens exchange is an effective and safe method for high myopic eyes. But preoperative fundus examination and long-term postoperative follow-up should be carried out to prevent the complications.

To reveal the underlying mechanism of doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity, an NMR-based metabolomic approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to observe its metabolic alternations of rat liver. Sixteen differential metabolites between model rats and normal rats were characterized as potential pathological biomarkers related to doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity. Six pathways, including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism were regarded as the targeted metabolic pathways according to Metabolic Pathway Analysis (MetPA). The results suggested that the metabolic perturbations in rats with doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid pathways, purine metabolism, energy metabolism, dysfunction of biotransformation and oxidative stress. The investigation revealed the effects of doxorubicin on liver in a holistic metabolic way, which laid a foundation for further studies on its toxicity mechanism.
Animals ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Doxorubicin ; toxicity ; Energy Metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Metabolomics ; Multivariate Analysis ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats

Through comparative study on Naotaifang containing serum and plasma proteomics (peptide), this article revealed differential proteins (peptides) in the Naotaifang. The characteristics of differential proteins were identified with mass spectrometry. It provides scientific evidences for the pharmacodynamic material basis and Chinese herbal medicine plasma pharmacological method development in the exploration of Naotaifang. A total of 20 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, Naotaifang treatment group according to their weights. Ten rats in each group. Intragastric administration of medication was given for seven consecutive days. Before surgery, rats were fed with water but without food. One hour after the last drug administration, 10% chloral hydrate was injected for intraperitoneal anesthesia. Blood was taken through the common carotid artery. Serum and plasma samples were made after blood was taken from each rat. Serum and plasma samples of five rats were randomly selected from each group. And the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) technique was used in the comparative study of serum pro-teomics (peptide). The 300 DPI scanning and PDQuest 7.3.0 were used in the analysis. The ESI-MS/MS was used to identify important differences in proteins and screen characteristic serum and plasma protein. The results showed that 20 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified. There were 15 types of proteins expressing up-regulation and 5 types expressing down-regulation. Comparative analysis on the 2-DE gel pictures of Naotaifang containing serum, 19 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified, among which 15 types of proteins express up-regulation and 4 down-regulation. Comparative analysis on the 2-DE gel pictures of Naotaifang containing serum and Naotaifang containing plasma showed that 24 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified, among which 9 types of proteins express up-regulation and 15 down-regulation. The highly expressed proteins were selected to MALDI-TOF-MS between Naotaifang containing serum and Naotaifang containing plasma. There were six successful-ly identified proteins, which were inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor, heavy chain 3, group-specific component, comple-ment factor B, Receptor Complexed with A Heterodimeric Fc, isoform CRA-d, Transferrin. It was concluded that protein with obvious changes in the Naotaifang containing serum and plasma may be related with fibrinolysis and an-ticoagulant. These proteins are involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and other pathological regulations of physiolog-ical processes. They are of great significance in the study of effective target and its signal transduction pathway of Naotaifang.

Objective To investigate the value of the intraoperative real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT 3D-TEE) in therapeutic application of surgery for the mitral valve prolapse.Methods Thirty-five patients underwent surgical treatment were diagnosed as mitral valve prolapse by 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE),with or without ruptured chordae tendineae.RT 3D-TEE was performed for assessing the segment of prolapse and its complications before cardiopulmonary bypass and after heart resuscitation respectively.The echocardiographic results were compared with the surgical findings.Results The accuracy of RT 3D-TEE to identify segments with prolapse was significantly higher than that of 2D-TTE (91.4％ vs 82.9％,P =0.003).RT 3D-TEE was more accurate than 2D-TTE for identifying ruptured chordae tendineae,vegetation and thrombus since higher sensitivity,specificity and Youden index.Among all 35 patients,valvuloplasty was performed in 28 cases,whereas,only 7 cases underwent replacement of prosthetic valves.Three patients were benefited by accurate evaluation of therapeutic effect using RT 3D-TEE in time.ConclusionsIntraoperative RT 3D-TEE can be used to provide “ surgical view”,acquired adequate valuable information of mitral valve,and more reliable functional and anatomical assessment of the mitral valve components and its geometry.Suitable surgical intervention can be designed for improving outcomes of patients.

Objective To observe the long dwell ultrafiltration volume after using 7.5% icodextrin in different peritoneal transport characteristics of peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods Subgroup analysis of a perspective multicenter randomized double blind and parallel control study was performed. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients were divided into high transport (H) group, high-average transport (HA) group, low-average transport (LA) group and low transport (L) group according to D/Pcr and Twardoski standard. Ultrafiltration volume of night long dwell dialysate was calculated before and after clinic trial for 2 weeks and 4 weeks to evaluate the different effect of transporters on ultrafiltration volume. Results A total of 201 CAPD patients were enrolled in the study, including 98 patients in icodextrin group (ICO group) and 103 patients in glucose group (GLU group). Male and female cases were 96 and 105 respectively. Age was (56.1±13.7) years old (range from 18 to 81). One hundred and ninety-eight patients finished peritoneal equilibrium test (PET), including 24 (12.1%) of H, 72(36.2%)of HA, 81(40.7%)of LA,and 21 (11.0%)of L. After follow-up for four weeks, the ultrafiltration volume was much higher than baseline in H, HA and LA groups. Also ultrafiltration volume in icodextrin group was much higher than that in glucose-based dialysate. Howerve, the increased volume was not significantly difference in L group. Ultrafiltration volume of icodextrin was positively correlated to D/Pcr (R2=0.1681,P＜0.01), while ultratration volume of dextrose was negatively correlated to D/Pcr (R2=0.0949,P＜0.01). Conclusion Compare to glucose-based dialysate (Dineal), 7.5% icodextrin dialysate (Extraneal) improves the ultrafiltration and peritoneal creatinine clearance of long dwell notabily in H, HA and LA group.

Background The aspheric intraocular lenses(IOLs)can reduce ocular spherical aberration to some degree.However,the clinical effect depends more on the IOL proper alignment.It becomes more important to study the IOL position in eye,Objective This study was to analyze the position alteration of IOL after phacoemulsification combined with implantation of one-piece soft IOLs.Methods In this prospective control study,80 eyes of 40 patients with age-related cataract were enrolled.The phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was performed in all the eyes.Decentration and tilt of IOL in the nasal superior,superior temporal,inferior temporal and nasal inferior quadrants(the intersection point of the system optical axis and the IOL maximum cross plane were regarded as the ordinate origin)were measured by rotating Scheimpflug camera(Pentacam Oculus)in 3 months postoperatively under the mydriasis condition.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to this trial.Results In the right eye group,the IOL decentered toward temporal in 26 eyes(65％)and infratemporal in 16 eyes(40％).IOLs tilted temporally in the horizontal plane in 37 eyes(92.5％)and tilted inferiorly in the vertical plane in 34 eyes(85.0％).In the left eye group,IOLs decentered temporally 33 eyes(82.5％)and 20 IOLs (50％)infratemporally,IOLs tilted temporally in the horizontal plane in 37 eye(92.5％)and 36 IOLs(90％)tilted inferiorly in the vertical plane.There was no statistical difference for the intercomparsion of horizontal/vertical decentration in various quadrant in the right eye(F =0.221,0.792,P＞0.05).The obvious elevated horizontal decentration was found in the supertemporal and infratemporal quadrants compared with supernasal quadrant in the left eyes but there was no significant difference in the vertical decentration among 3 quadrants(F=0.576,P＞0.05).Decentrations were positively correlated with the tilt in both horizontal and vertical plane(right eye horizontal plane:r=0.374,P=0.002;right eye vertical plane:r=0.402,P=0.001 ;left eye horizontal plane:r=0.377,P=0.002；left eye vertical plane:r=0.347,P=0.002).Conclusions The one-piece soft IOLs(Adapt AO)decenter toward temporal mostly in 3 months after surgery,especially infratemporally in the eye.And the optical axis of the IOL tilt toward infratemperol mostly in both right and left eyes.The decentration and tilt are consisted in the corresponding direction between the right and left eyes.The position of the IOLs showed mirror symmetry between right and left eyes.The IOLs decentration show the positively correlation to tilt whatever in horizontal and vertical plane.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the potential protective effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on post-thaw human sperm.

METHODSSemen samples were collected from 60 normal fertile men, each divided into six parts of equal volume to be incubated at 37 °C in normal saline (G0, control) or in the extender with 2 nmol/L (G1), 20 nmol/L (G2), 200 nmol/L (G3), 2 µmol/L (G4), and 20 µmol/L of MitoQ (G5). After one hour of incubation, the samples were subjected to computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) for sperm motility, flow cytometry for reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid assay for the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and MitoTracker fluorescent staining and flow cytometry for the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Then, the semen were cryopreserved with none (B0), 200 nmol/L (B1), and 2 µmol/L of MitoQ (B2), followed by detection of the changes in the ROS, MDA, and MMP of the post-thaw sperm.

RESULTSThe percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility were significantly higher in G3 ([30.8 ± 10.2]% and [70.6 ± 9.0]%) and G4 ([32.7 ± 13.5]% and [70.3 ± 11.9]%) than in G0 ([17.6 ± 5.0]% and [54.9 ± 11.5]%) (P < 0.05). The level of ROS dropped markedly with the increased concentration of MitoQ, 86.5 ± 31.6 in G3, 93.6 ± 42.0 in G4, and 45.1 ± 15.0 in G5, as compared with 160.8 ± 39.7 in G0 (P < 0.05). The content of MDA was remarkably lower in G3 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) and G4 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) than in G0 ([1.9 ± 1.1] µmol/mg) (P < 0.05), but not in G5 ([1.7 ± 0.7] µmol/mg), which was even higher than in G3 and G4 (P < 0.05). The MMP showed a significant reduction in G5 (1156 ± 216) in comparison with G0 (1701 ± 251) (P < 0.05) but exhibited no remarkable difference between G0 and G1 (1810 ± 298), G2 (1995 ± 437), G3 (1950 ± 334), or G4 (1582 ± 314). The percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility after freezing-thawing were significantly decreased as compared with those of the fresh semen (P < 0.01), but both were remarkably higher in B1 ([3.2 ± 2.3]% and [ 43.0 ± 9.5]%) than in B0 ([0.8 ± 0.6]% and [26.5 ± 11.4]%) (P < 0.05). The ROS level was significantly lower in B1 and B2 than in B0 (34.6 ± 12. 3 and 37.0 ± 10.5 vs 56.9 ± 14.3, P < 0.05), and so was the MDA content ([1.4 ± 0.5] and [1.4 ± 0.6] µmol/mg vs [2.6 ± 1.0] µmol/mg, P < 0.05), but the MMP was markedly higher in B1 and B2 than in B0 (1010.0 ± 130.5 and 880.6 ± 128.6 vs 721.1 ± 24.8, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAddition of MitoQ to the freezing extender at 200 nmol/L may effectively improve the quality of human sperm and MitoQ is a good protective addictive for human sperm cryopreservation.

Antioxidants ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Ubiquinone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

Objective:To preliminarily study the immune response mediated by inducible costimulation molecule in the role of essential hypertensive renal damage .Methods: The blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the wild control group (Wistar-Kyoto rats)was dynamically monitored by noninvasive tail artery blood pressure measuring instrument .The urine protein of the rats in 24 hours was dynamically detected by ELISA .The levels of ICOS protein and its mRNA in the rat′s kidneys were dynamically detected by immunohistochemistry , RT-PCR, respectively.The levels of IL-17A and TGF-β1 in the rat′s plasma and kidneys were dynamically detected by ELISA ,immunohistochemistry ,respectively.The renal pathological changes of the rats were detected by HE and MASSON staining.Results:The blood pressure and urine protein in 24 h of SHRs were significantly higher than that of group WKY from 6 weeks.The expression of ICOS protein and its mRNA in SHRs were significantly higher than that of WKY rats from 6 weeks,and there are significantly positive correlations between the dynamic change of ICOS protein and its mRNA and renal fibrosis score of SHRs (rA=0.813,PA<0.05;rB=0.753,PB<0.05).The expression of IL-17A and TGF-β1 in SHR′s plasma and kidneys were significantly higher than that of WKY rats at the weeks 10 and 23.HE and Masson staining showed that the degree of renal fibrosis of SHRs was sig-nificantly higher than that of WKY rats at 23 weeks.Conclusion:The immune response mediated by ICOS plays an important role in hypertensive renal damage .

AIM:To investigate the role of anti-miR-21 oligonucleotide ( AMO) in the anti-leukemic activity of decitabine (DCA) in vitro.METHODS:AMO and scramble oligonucleotide (SCR) were constructed and transfected into HL-60 cells.The miR-21 expression was analyzed by real-time PCR to identify the transfection efficiency .The cells were treated with DCA at gradient concentrations (0.5, 2.0 and 4.0 μmol/L) for 48 h.The mRNA expression of human period circadian protein 3 (hPer3) was detected by real-time PCR.The early apoptotic rates were determined by flow cy-tometry with Annexin V/PI staining.Mean fluorescence intensities ( MFI) of CD117 and CD11b were also measured by flow cytometry.RESULTS:The miR-21 relative expression level in AMO group was significantly lower than that in blank group and SCR group (P<0.01).IC50 of DCA in AMO group was significantly lower than that in blank group and SCR group (P<0.01).With the same concentration of DCA, the early apoptotic rate, the mRNA expression of hPer3 and the MFI of CD11b in AMO group were significantly higher than those in blank group and SCR group (P<0.01).The MFI of CD117 in AMO group were significantly lower than those in blank group and SCR group ( P<0.01 ) .CONCLUSION:Activation of hPer3 expression plays an important role in enhanced anti-leukemic activity of decitabine by AMO in vitro.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of full volume three-dimensional echocardiography(FV3DE) for quantifying the left ventricular volume in healthy fetuses. Methods Two hundred and twenty-two normal fetuses with gestational ages between 20 and 40 weeks were investigated. Full volume three-dimensional, two-dimensional (2D) and M-mode images were acquired by Philips iE33 system and data was processed offline using QLAB analysis software. Left ventricular end-systolic volume(ESV) and end-diastolic volume ( EDV) were measured using semiautomated border detection echocardiographic techniques, and compared with 2D biplane Simpson's method and M-mode Teichholz formula. Results Thirty-six fetuses with poor three-dimensional images and 5 twin pregnancies were excluded,the study subjects consisted of 181 singleton fetuses. The highest concordance correlation ( r =0.987 for EDV, r =0.988 for ESV) P <0. 001) was noted between 2D biplane Simpson's and FV3DE-derived values with a small bias (0. 332 ml for EDV,0. 135 ml for ESV). The Bland-Altman analysis showed that FV3DE had the best reproducibility than M-mode Teichholz formula and 2D biplane Simpson's method. Intra- and interobserver error of EDV were 2.85% and 4.22% for FV3DE,8.37% and 8.98% for 2D biplane Simpson's rule,30. 63% and 54. 70% for M-mode Teichholz formula. Intra- and interobserver error of ESV were 2.34% and 6. 14% for FV3DE,6. 26% and 11.7% for 2D biplane Simpson's rule,43.06% and 66.03% for M-mode Teichholz formula. Conclusions FV3DE is a novel technique that can be more accurate than conventional methods in quantification of fetal left ventricular volumes, it may provide new insight into evolving fetal cardiac structure and function.