Cytokines ; Hashimoto Disease ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; Humans

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of continuous 3-in-1 femoral nerve block with stimulating catheters for patient controlled regional anesthesia(PCRA) in elderly patients after unilateral total knee replacement (TKR)surgery.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ elderly patients wererandomly divided into two groups: FB group and Ⅳ group.FB group received continuous 3-in-1 femoral nerve block for postoperative analgesia with 0.2% ropivacaine plus 0.1 μg/ml sufentanil continuous infusion at 5 ml/h plus PCA boluses (1.0 ml/15 min).Ⅳ group received continuous intravenous analgesia with 1 μg/ml sufentanil plus 0.04 mg/ml tropisetron hydrochloride at 2 ml/h plus PCA boluses (0.5 ml/15 min).All patients were maintained analgesia for 48 hours.Results In FB group, the visual analogue scale(VAS) scores were 1.3 ±1.1, 1.2 ± 1.0, 1.1±0.9, 1.1 ± 1.0,1.0±0.9 at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 hours after surgery under rest status respectively and were 3.04±1.4,2.3±1.3 at 24, 48 hours after surgery in active function training.These parameters in Ⅳ group were 4.0±1.6, 3.5±1.6, 3.2±1.4, 3.0±1.3, 2.5±1.2, 4.7±1.5 and 3.3±1.5 respectively, which were significantly different compared with FB group (t=5.358, 4.707, 4.852, 3.784, 3.743, 3.254,1.932,all P<0.05 or P<0.01).The incidence of nausea was higher in IV group than in FB group(P = 0.0022).Postoperative satisfaction ratings was higher (χ2 =41.1 ,P<0.01) and the total morphine use for 48 hours after operation was less(uc=2.412, P<0.01) in FB group than in Ⅳ group.Conclusions After TKR surgery, the continuous 3-in-1 femoral nerve block with stimulating catheters is an effective method with better pain relief,fewer side effects and higher satisfaction ratings in the elderly.

The challenge of the emergence of drug-resistant influenza strains, which is caused by wide spread utilization of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), accelerates the research and exploration towards host targeted agents. In contrast to DAAs targeting viral replication components, host targeted agents, which regulate host factors and pathways linked to viral replication, can interfere the replication of influenza. Additionally, the innate immune system is activated by influenza during the early stage of infection, so manipulating the innate immune response may prevent the viral infection. However, the excessive inflammatory response induced at the late phase of influenza infection would lead to severe tissue injures. Thus, it is very important to explore drugs with anti-inflammatory actions to suppress these immune imbalances and tissue injures. Here we overview the current progresses about host targets related to anti-influenza drugs.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; Virus Replication

The main objective of this research is to investigate the effects of astragaloside IV, calycosin separately glucoside, formononetin on oxidative stress in Chang Liver cells induced by H2O2. In the experiments, Chang Liver cells (a kind of normal human hepatocytes) were used as the research object, bifendate which has a clear hepatoprotective effect was used as the positive control drug, then the oxidative damage model of Chang Liver cells were established by H2O2. Cells were divided into six groups: blank control group, oxidative stress group, astragaloside IV group, calycosin separately glucoside group, formononetin group and positive control group. Then endogenous antioxidant system related indexes were detected by micro plate and colorimetric method; intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe; and the expressions of CYP2E1 were evaluated by liver microsomes, mRNA, and protein, respectively with spectrophotometry, Real-time PCR method, and Western blot technique. Results showed that H2O2 decreased antioxidant activity, and increased ROS level and expression of CYP2E1. The above oxidative stress status had been changed with protections of the three components of Astragalus membranaceus (compared with oxidative stress group, P < 0.05, P < 0.01), which taken as a whole had equivalent effects as the drug of positive control group( bifendate). Taken together, three Astragalus membranaceus ingredients all had significant or extremely significant inhibiting effects on oxidative damaged Chang Liver cells which were induced by H2O2, and the oxidative damage of Chang Liver cells had been relieved.
Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Liver ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

As an indispensable part of minority traditional medicine, mineral medicine has used with less dosage and reliable efficacy for the last thousand years. Based on the unearthed relics and medical literatures of past dynasties, the history of Han nationality ap- years, which had been recorded in main literature. But there is less comprehensive report of its usage in the other 55-minority nationality. This article was based on the analysis of ethnic minority literature of thousands of years, and conducted a comprehensive collation and analysis of mineral medicine. It was mostly determined that there was 20 minority groups using mineral medicine, with a total of 163 species (limited our references), and the most used is the Tibetan, accounting for 141. The most serious problems of mineral medicine are that species should be further investigated and researched, and then become the legal commercial medicine, and the classification principles of mineral medicine should be established. Through the traditional processing and experimental studies, the problems of attenuation and detoxification should be solved.
China ; ethnology ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Minerals ; analysis ; pharmacology

Objective:To explore the role CD4+CD45RO+memory T cells in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) by detecting the percentages of CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in peripheral blood of newly diagnosed HT patients. Methods:53HT patients and 43 matched healthy controls (HC) were included in this study. According to the thyroid functions,HT patients were divided into euthyroid subset(HT-A,n =15) ,subclinical hypothyroidism(HT-B,n=14) and overt hypothyroidism subset (HT-C,n=24). The percentages of CD4+CD45RO+memory T cells in PBMCs,as well as the level of serum IFN-γ and IL-17,and thyroid functions,and the titers of thyroid-specific autoantibodies (TPOAb,TgAb) were respectively detected by flow cytometry,ELISA,and ECLIA. Results:The percentages of CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells in PBMCs,as well as the level of serum IFN-γ and IL-17,the titers of TPOAb,TgAb were all significantly higher than that in HC(P<0. 01). Bivariate correlation revealed that the percentages of CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells positively correlated with the level of serum IFN-γ,TPOAb and TgAb(P<0. 01,P=0. 015,P<0. 01) in HT patients. Conclusion:The significant increase of CD4+CD45RO+memory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with HT suggested a role of CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells in the pathogenesis of this disease.

This paper explored the educational reform of dispensing Chinese drugherbs. The education reform included implementing the project of teaching methods, implementing modern experimental methods, cultivating comprehensive quality of students, training students' creative thinking, and stimulating the initiative of students. All these strategies could improve the quality of teaching and make students' comprehensive abilities meet the demand.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of the concentration of tetrahydropalmatine in Puyuan weikang capsule. METHODS: The HPLC separation was performed on Venusil XBP-C18 chromatographic column (150 mm?6.0 mm, 5 ?m) with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution(60∶40, with pH adjusted to 6.0 using triethylamine) with a flow rate of 1 mL?min-1. The detective wavelength was set at 280 nm and the column temperature was set at 25 ℃. RESULTS: The linear range of tetrahydropalmatine was 2.5～100 ?g?mL-1 (r=0.999 6) and the recovery rate was 94.33%(RSD=1.11%,n=6). CONCLUSION: The method developed in the study was proved to be simple, rapid and accurate, and applicable for the quality control of Puyuan weikang capsule.

Objective By analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shanxi Province,to provide a scientific basis in formulation of strategies for effective prevention and control of the disease.Method Surveillance data of human brucellosis from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention between 2004 and 2013 were statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.The regional,time,age and sex,occupational distribution of brucellosis were analyzed.The prevalence trend of brucellosis in Shanxi Province was summarized.Results From 2004 to 2013,the total incidence presented a rising tendency and the highest reported incidence was 19.10/10 million in 2013.A total of 43 061 cases of brucellosis occurred in Shanxi Province.The average incidence of brucellosis was 12.52/10 million.Regional distribution range was relatively focused on the north areas of Shanxi Province,the number of reported cases of Datong City was the largest (12 157 cases),being 28.23％.The incidence of Shuozhou City was the highest (42.97/10 million).The epidemic was spreading through all county areas.The disease was found each month throughout the year,the obvious incidence peak seasons were between March and June.The disease was most commonly found in 15-64 age groups(87.19％,37 545/43 061).Occupation distribution of patients was mainly farmers (83.34％,35 887/43 061).Conclusions The situation of brucellosis epidemic in Shanxi Province is relatively serious;the reported incidence of brucellosis in Shanxi Province is in a rapid upward trend year by year,even highly active in some particular areas.Different regions should establish regional mechanisms for joint prevention and control and implement different prevention and control measures to comprehensively and sequentially control brucellosis.

Objective To find T2N0M0 colorectal cancer patients at high risk for relapse or metastasis.Methods From January 1993 to December 2014,339 patients with histologically confirmed stage T2N0M0 primary colorectal cancer treated by radical surgery with complete clinical follow-up data were enrolled into this study.Survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method,and survival cures were compared using the Log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the significant factors defined in univariate test.Results The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates were 83.0％ and 68.9％,respectively.Male gender,old age,lymphovascular involverment,perineural invasion,poor differentiation and invasive micropapillary carcinoma were associated with low cancer-specific survival rates in Kaplan-Meier analysis.Multivariate analyses revealed male gender,old age,lymphovascular involverment,poor differentiation and invasive micropapillary carcinoma as significant independent factors predicting poor prognosis.Conclusions Male gender,old age,lymphovascular involvement,poor differentiation and invasive micropapillary carcinoma are risk factors predicting poor prognosis for T2N0M0 colorectal patients.