Objective To investigate the effect of remifentanil and fentanyl on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor currents in rat spinal cord dorsal horn neurons.Methods Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record the NMDA receptor currents.The primary cultured E14SD rat spinal cord dorsal horn neurons (DH cells) were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each):remifentanil group (group R),fentanyl group (group F) and control group (group C).DH cells were perfused with 4 nmol/L remifentanil (group R) or 10 μmol/L fentanyl (group F) for 60 min followed by washout.NMDA receptor currents were recorded immediately after administration (T0),at 15,30,45 and 60 min of action of drugs (T1-4),and at 15 and 30 min (T5-6) after washout.Results Compared with group C,no significant change in the peak NMDA receptor current was found at each time point in group F and at T0 and T1 in group R (P ＞ 0.05),and the peak NMDA receptor current was significantly increased at T2-6 in group R (P ＜ 0.01).The peak NMDA receptor current was significantly higher at T2-6 than at T0,while lower at T2-4 and T6 than at T5 in group R (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Remifentanil can increase NMDA receptor function in rat spinal cord horn neurons,and the peak effect is reached after washout,but fentanyl dose not have the effect.

[Objective]To obtain the normal linear parameters of different resection levels of normal proximal tibia in Chinese people, and discuss the influence of the gender and resection level on the design of the tibia prosthesis. [Methods]Thirty-six normal Chinese people (36 left knees, 18 males and 18 females), with an average age of 43 years (range 18～55 years) were enrolled in this study.Original CT image data were used to set up three-dimensional model of Chinese normal knees.The related linear parameters of different proximal tibia sections were measured and compared.[Results]Parameters of mediolateral (ML) ,medial and latera anteroposteriordimensions(MAP/ LAP) and the aspect ratio(AP/ML) of the resect proximal tibia surface were obtained. The parameters were confirmed by statistics analysis.[Conclusion]The geometry and anatomy of the knee in Chinese people have significant differences from the western people.The prosthesis designed by western people should be choosen carefully.Sex and resection levels should be taken into account in designing tibia prosthesis and or choosing the imported prosthesis in the total knee arthroplasty.

The effects of FeSO_4 upon the physiologicproperties were studied with isolated guinea pig a-trium. The FeSO_4 0. 2mmol/L, makes the contrac-tility of the atrium muscle decrease from 100% ofcontrol to 67 ? 9%. The concentration ofepinephrine inducing automaticity increased andthe duration-intensity curve was shifted to theright. The functional refractory period (FRP) wasprolonged from 298 ? 26 ms to 402 ? 43 ms. Thenegative inotropism and the inhibition of the auto-maticity suggest that FeSO_4 may influence Ca~(2+)movement, while the excitability of suppressionand prolongation of FRP indicate that it may bedue to its inhibition of Na~+ influx.

To sum up the experiences and results of surgical treatment for recurrent rectal carcinoma after rectectomy, pelvic exenterations were carried out for 49 patients with the disease and the survival rate was estimated. No death occurred in our group. The resect rate was 91 8%, and the operative complication rate was 12 2%. The 3 year survival rate was 85 5%, and the 5 year survival rate was 60 6%. Pelvic exenteration can improve the survival rate for recurrent rectal carcinoma after rectectomy. Urinary reconstruction and repair of pelvic peritoneum are important for reducing operative complications.

Objective To evaluate the influence of diet structure and physical activity on the lipid level in different area of China.Methods A total of 145 people were selected by simple random sampling,including 52 residents,45 urban residents of Panzhihua and 48 rural residents of Panzhihua,each of them undergoing the laboratory examination and dietary and physical activity survey.Food frequency questionnaire and physical activity questionnaire were used.Results The blood sugar,TC and LDL-C level in Shanghai residents were higher than those of urban and rural residents of Panzhihua(P0.05)while the energy exhaust of Shanghai residents was higher than those of urban and rural residents of Panzhihua(P

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in hyperoxia-induced lung injury of new-born rats. Methods Totally 160 rats at the age of 12 h were randomly and equally divided into air control group, hyperoxia-induced lung injury group, hyperoxia-induced lung injury+SB203580 group and hyperoxia-induced lung injury + normal saline group. After the injury was inflicted, SB203580 or normal saline at same volume was given intraperitoneally at 5 mg/kg. After the rats were executed at the time points of 12, 24, 72 h and 1 week after the model establishment, the right upper lungs were resected for histopathology, right below lungs for wet weight/dry weight, and left lungs for detecting the expression of p38MAPK by Western blot analysis. Results Hyperoxia-induced lung injury model were established successfully after 72 h by exposure to hyperoxia. No p38MAPK expression was observed in air control group. In hyperoxia-induced lung injury group p38MAPK was detected from 12 h, reached to the peak at 72 h, and decreased 1 week later, and its expression was significantly higher in this group and normal saline group than in SB203580 group. Conclusion p38MAPK is involved in the process of hyperoxia-induced lung injury, and the injury can be relieved by treatment of SB203580.

This paper summarize the perioperative nursing of 12 newborns with thyroglossal cyst. The preoperative nursing measures focused on prone position,gastric tube feeding,close monitoring of vital signs and tracheal intubation as needed. If the TeSO2 was normal,oxygen therapy was not recommended. After the operation,continuously monitoring vital signs,respiratory care and use of sedatives as needed were carried out. As a result,all of the 12 infants recovered and discharged.

Recently,more and more researches focus on the relationship between bone marrow fat and osteoporosis.From a pathological point of view, osteoporosis is traditionally regarded as the dysfunction of osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption.Actually, bone marrow adipose tissue that constitutes a large proportion of bone marrow cells is indispensable for the balance of bone metabolism.Bone marrow fat, which is abundant in yellow bone marrow, increases gradually with aging.Bone marrow adipocytes and osteoblasts differentiate from a common progenitor, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).It is generally acknowledged that they are reciprocal repellent in the process of BMSC differentiation.Exploring the association between bone marrow adipocytes and osteoporosis is critical for better understanding its role in the pathogenesis and the future treatment of osteoporosis.In this review, we summary the recent progress in the association between bone marrow adipocytes and osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the application effect of montelukast in children with mild asthma.Methods 120 patients with mild asthma were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,the control group was given conventional therapy,the treatment group was treated with montelukast on the basis of the control group.Two groups were treated for 4 weeks as a course.Results The total effective rate of treatment group was 91.7％,which was significantly higher than 73.3％ in the control group (x2 =3.89,P ＜0.05).The daytime and nighttime asthma score in the treatment group were (0.13 ± 0.05)points,(0.12 ± 0.04)points,which were significantly lower than (1.13 ± 0.21) points,(0.43 ± 0.23) points in the control group.The symptom-free days was (17.43 ± 2.87) d,which was significantly longer than (9.34 ± 1.57) d in the control group(t =2.32,1.97,5.75,all P ＜ 0.05).IL-6,TNF-α,IgE in the treatment group after the treatment were (140.5 ± 6.4) ng/L,(40.1 ± 4.9) IU/ml,(105.6 ± 8.8) IU/ml,which were significantly lower than (189.3 ± 9.7) ng/L,(78.6 ± 7.5) 1U/ml,(155.4 ±10.5) IU/ml in the control group (t =11.97,8.75,13.56,all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reaction in the treatment group was 13.3％ and 10％ in the control group,there was no significant ditterence(x2 =1.32,P ＞0.05).Conclusion Montelukast can significantly improve the inflammatory state in children with mild asthma,relieve clinical symptoms,improve the therapeutic effect,and has less adverse reactions.

Objective:To establish an HPLC-FD method for determining the content of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP1) to lay foundation for its pharmacokinetic study in rats. Methods: Purified ASP1 was labeled with FITC by the method of Belder and Granath to obtain ASP1-FITC. The tissue samples were treated with 30% trichloroacetic acid and 11% NaOH before injection. The samples were determined by HPLC-FD. A PL aquagel-OH MIXED column was used,and the mobile phase was phosphate buffer( dis-solve NaH2PO32. 34g , Na2HPO34. 33 g and NaCl 11. 70 g into 1000 ml water) with pH of 7. 0. The flow rate was 0. 5 ml·min-1. The excitation and emission wavelengths was set at 495 nm and 520 nm, respectively. Results:The linear calibration curve was within the concentration range of 0. 25-40. 00 μg·ml-1(r=0. 9996)with the lower limit of quantification of 0. 20μg·ml-1 in tissue sam-ples. The extraction recovery of ASP1 was determined at low, medium and high concentration with the recovery of 91. 98%-114. 20%. The intra and inter-day RSDs were lower than 8. 31% and 2. 94%, respectively. Conclusion:The method to determine the content of ASP1 in rats by HPLC-FD with pre-column derivatization has been esablished. It is simple, accurate and reliable, which can be suc-cessfully applied in the study of pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of ASP1 in rats.