Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; drug therapy

Objective To compare the serum microelement changes between patients aged ≥80years and adults aged ＜ 60 years,and to compare the levels of serum microelement,total protein,albumin,hemoglobin between the long term in-bed and non in-bed oldest patients.Methods Beijing Bohui BH5100 type atomic absorption spectrometer was used to determine serum microelement.Total protein,albumin,hemoglobin were also determined.Results The amounts of ferrum,zinc,calcium,copper,magnesium were (7.21 ± 1.21) mmol/L,(93.29 ± 10.96)mmol/L,(1.63 ± 0.21)mmol/L,(17.31±3.61)mmol/L,(1.49±0.20)mmol/L in people aged over 80 years,(8.91±1.25)mmol/L,(121.85±11.24)mmol/L,(1.51±0.23)mmol/L,(15.89±3.87)mmol/L,(1.51±0.21)mmol/L in people aged less than 60 years,respectively.The ratios of Ferrum deficiency were 42.9 ％,zinc deficiency 14.3％,calcium deficiency 21.4％,copper deficiency 14.3％ in oldest-old,whereas were 9.1％,13.6 ％,31.8％,27.3％ in people aged less than 60 years.The amount of ferrum was significantly lower in people aged over 80 years than in people aged less than 60 years (P＜0.01).Proportion of ferrum deficiency was higher in patients aged over 80 years (P＜0.01).The amount of calcium and copper was markedly lower in people aged less than 60 years than in people aged over 80 years (P＜0.01).The proportions of calcium,copper deficiency were higher in people aged less than 60 years (P＜0.01).The amounts of ferrum,zinc,total protein,albumin,hemoglobin of the patients aged over 80 years in long-term in-bed group were significant decreased as compared with those of people in non long-term in-bed group [(6.44±0.89)mmol/L vs.(8.16±1.16)mmol/L,(84.48±8.98)mmol/L vs.(103.62±10.31)mmol/L,(62.8±3.9)g/L vs.(66.3±1.7)g/L,(33.7±2.6)g/L vs.(36.7±l.8)g/L,(109.0±12.5)g/L vs.(132.0±5.2)g/L,all P＜0.01].The amount of calcium of people in none long-term group was much lower [(1.57±0.23)mmol/L vs.(1.71±0.19)mmol/L,P＜0.01].Ferrum,zinc,calcium and copper deficiencies were 60.9％,18.8％,13.0％,13.0％ in long-term in-bed group,21.1％,8.8％,31.6％,15.8％ in non long-term in-bed group.Proportion of ferrum deficiency was higher in long term in-bed group than non long-term in-bed group (P＜0.01).Proportion of calcium deficiency was higher in non long-term in-bed group than long-term in bed group (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the amount of copper between people in long term in bed group and non long-term in-bed group (P＞0.05).There was no absence of magnesium in both two groups.Conclusions There is more absence of ferrum,zinc,total protein,albumin,hemoglobin in the patients aged 80 years and over in long-term in-bed.There is more calcium and copper absence of people aged less than 60 years.So it is necessary to supply high ferrum food and nutrients in order to get well sooner,especially to patients aged over 80 years.

Humans ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; Xylenes ; toxicity

Objective To explore the oxidative stress pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease(PD) induced by paraquat in substantia nigra of mice. Methods The model of PD was established by oral administration of paraquat to mice.The spectrophotometry was used to determine the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in substantia nigra.At the same time,number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) positive neurons in substantia nigra of mice was estimated by immunohistochemistry. Results The activities of SOD and GSH-PX were significantly decreased,and the content of MDA was increased in paraquat-treated mice compared to that of mice treated by saline taken orally(P

Objective To construct eukaryotic expression plasmid pEE14.1-dsFv?pr+,and detect the expression of the recombined gene in eukaryotic CHO-K1 cells.Methods The cationic DNA fragment was cloned into the 3' of VH gene by overlapping extension PCR,and the 6?His tab was inserted to the 3' of VL and human IFN-? gene by the same way.The above mentioned recombinant VH and VL genes were inserted into a pCI-GPI vector first,and then cloned into the pEE14.1 vector to construct the recombinant plasmid pEE14.1-dsFv?pr+.Finally,the recombinant plasmid was transfected into the CHO-K1 cells by LipofectamineTM 2000,and the expression was detected by RT-PCR,ELISA and Western blotting.Results The enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis showed that the recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed.RT-PCR showed that only the cells with transfected plasmid can generate the specific 1700bp fragment.ELISA analysis showed that the production of IFN-?expressed in the supernatant of transfected cells was about 1.1ng/ml.Also,Western blotting could reveal the characteristic band of HBsAg dsFv?pr+ protein.Conclusion The antibody targeting to human IFN-?genes has been successfully expressed in a single open reading frame.Changing the electricity of the antibody may provide the necessary condition for the study of the a new type of anti-HBV drug in nanoscale in the future.

Objective To explore the surgical method and curative effect of free vascularized fibular graft bridged vascu?lar pedicle by vein transplantation for infective long bone defect with or without soft tissue defect reconstruction. Methods From June 2008 to January 2014, 17 patients with infective long bone defect were treated, 11 male and 6 female, 1.5 to 55 years old and averaged 31.3 years. 8 cases in femur, 5 cases in tibia, 3 cases in humerus and 1 case in radius. Bone defect were 4 to 19 cm in length with an average of 9.4 cm. 8 cases with soft tissue defect, from 5.0 cm×3.0 cm to 17.0 cm×5.5 cm. Required adequate surgi?cal debridement, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) was used. Free vascularized fibular (skin) flap was designed and harvested . Artery and veins close to the health site were dissected, and bridged vascular pedicle of free vascularized fibular flap by autolo?gous vein transplantation with end to end anastomosis. The length free vascularized fibular graft was from 5 to 18 cm, with an aver?age of 9.6 cm. The free fibula flap ranged from 6.5 cm×4.0 cm to 18.0 cm×6.0 cm. Results All the 17 cases of fibular flap sur?vived, no vascular crisis happened. Post?operative wound primary healed in 11 cases, delayed 1 to 2 weeks to heal in 6 cases. Cal?lus was seen in the 6 to 8 weeks later. 15 cases were followed from 9 months to 6 years (averaged 30 months) while 2 cases were lost to follow?up. Bone defect primary healed in 13 cases, and the fibula graft unhealed in 2 cases, but healed again after a second operation. Fibula stress fracture occurred in one case at 7 months after grafting procedures and bone union was achieved 4 months after reapplying an external fixator. Infected bone defect healing time ranged from 4.2 to 9.8 months, averaged 5.9 months. Accord?ing to the Enneking score, 11 cases were excellent, good in 3 cases, one in fair. Excellent and Good rate was 93.3%. Conclusion Free vascularized fibular (skin) graft with vein bridged vascular pedicle can not only effectively repair infected bone and soft tissue defect, but also improve local blood supply and control infection, shorten the course of treatment, which is an effective treatment of infective long bone defects with or without soft tissue defects.

To investigate the influence of the difference enhancers on the transport mechanism of chlorogenic acid (CGA) across Caco-2 cells model, a RP-HPLC method was adopted to detect the concentrations of CGA. At the concentrations of 20 to 80 microg x mL(-1), the difference of absorption rate constants (K(a)) was not statistically significant. At the concentrations of 40 and 20 microg x mL(-1), the ratios of apparent permeability coefficients (P(app)) of the apical to basolateral and the basolateral to apical were 1.14 and 1.18, respectively. With the effect of enhancers K(a) and P(app) increased, the absorption half-life (T1/2) decreased. CGA passed through the Caco-2 cell membrane mainly by passive transport. It showed that monocarboxylic acid transporter (MCT) could be involved in the across membrane transport process of CGA. Borneol had no effect on the cell membrane transport processes. The order of increasing absorption of CGA caused by the enhancers was sodium lauryl sulphate > sodium taurocholate > carbomer.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of succus entericus reinfusion with continuous enteral nutrition on the barrier function of intestinal mucosa and nutritional status in patients with stomal type fistulas. Methods Sixteen patients with stomal type fistula from July 1995 to May 2008 were enrolled in the study. A]l patients met the following conditions: gut function returned normal; abdominal infection was controlled; total enteral nutrition was provided ; and the length of small intestine for succus entericus reinfusion was more than 50 cm. Intestinal mucosa was taken at 25 to 30 cm away from stoma of fistula by endoscope 0, 7, and 14 days after reinfusior. Hematoxylineosin staining was performed to count the number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IIELS). In addition,proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was measured with immunohistochemical staining. Serum protein levels were determined by immunonephelometry. ResultsThe percentage of IIELS in intestinal mucosa ( 19.06％ ±4.81％ vs. 12.81％ ±2.95％, P=0.000) and the percentage of PCNA positive cells ( 12.13％ ±4.33％ vs.6.44％ ± 2.34％, P =0.000) 14 days after succus entericus reinfusion were significantly higher than those on the day of reinfusion. Serum fibronectin level increased from ( 152.80 ± 16.50 ) to ( 227.05 ± 45.36 ) mg/L ( P =0.000), and transferring protein level increased from ( 2.16 ± 0.52 ) to ( 2.62 ± 0.41 ) g/L ( P =0.017 ) 14days after succus entericus reinfusion. ConclusionSuccus entericus reinfusion is effective in protecting the intestinal mucosa in patients with stomal type fistulas.

Clinical data of 14 patients with iatrogenic duodenal injuries treated in hospital from January 2000 and January 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.Iatrogenic duodenal injuries were found intraoperatively in 9 cases,in whom repair or additional jejunostomy was performed and all were cured and discharged.In 2 patients the duodenal injuries were found within 24 hours postoperatively,1 was cured,another had low flow duodenal fistula and cured with conservative treatment.Duodenal bypass and extraoral drainage were performed in 2 patients whose duodenal injuries was found 72 hours after surgery and died from severe infection of retroperitoneal space and multiple organ failure respectively.One patient whose duodenal injury was found 7 d postoperatively suffered from septic shock and died in 4 h after admission.The results suggest that early detection and early management would result in satisfied outcome for patients with iatrogenic duodenal injuries,the first 24 hours are crucial.

Objective To evaluate the identification successful rate of sentinel lymph node (SLN) with breast cancer and the accuracy to predict axillary lymph node status in different vital blue dyes.Methods 94 patients with breast cancer were recruited for the study between Oct. 1999 and Apr. 2001, of whom 32 and 62, respectively, were injected 0.028mmol*L-1 Methylene blue and 0.018mmol*L-1 Patent blue violet in breast parenchyma surrounding the primary tumor to identify SLN.All 94 patients underwent the axillary lymph node dissection.Results For Methylene blue group and Patent blue violet group, SLN identification successful rates were 65.6% (21/32) and 88.7% (55/62) (P=0.012) and accuracy rate to predict axillary lymph node status were 90.5% (19/21) and 98.2% (54/55) (P=0.183), respectively.Conclusion In identifying SLN,Patent blue violet is more ideal vital blue dye than Methylene blue, whereas the accuracy rate to predict axillary lymph node status had no significant difference.