Objective To investigate the effects of intravenous injection of α-crystallin on retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and some important organs of the Long Evans rats. Methods RGC were retrogradelabeled by fluorogold through bilateral superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body for seven days before optic nerve crush injury. Twenty-three Long Evans rats were used for this study, including three rats of normal control group and 20 rats of experimental group. Twenty rats were randomly divided into saline control group and three α-crystallin injection groups, which received tail vein injection of 1.25 ml isotonic saline and three different concentrations (1 × 10-2 , 1 × 10-1 and 1 g/L) of α-crystallin respectively, once every two days and totally seven times. After two weeks, the labeled RGC were counted, and the pathological changes on liver, kidney, brain, spleen and the lungs were investigated. Results Compared with the normal control group, although the number of RGC markedly decreased after two weeks of optic nerve crush injury in every group, the number of RGC in α-crystallin-treated groups was more than those in the saline control group. There were 2074± 150 RGC per mm2 in normal control group, 85 ± 15 RGC per mm2 in saline control group, 124±26 RGC per mm2 in 1 × 10-2 g/L α-crystallin group, 128± 31 RGC per mm2 in 1 × 10-1 g/L α-crystallin group, 164 ± 20 RGC per mm2 in 1 g/L α-crystallin group (F= 18. 660,P＜0. 01). No congestion, swelling, inflammation and other pathological changes were found in liver,kidney, brain, spleen and lung. Conclusions Intravenous injection of α-crystallin protein has protective effects on RGC after the optic nerve crush injury, and no significant effects on important organs.

Animals ; Cadmium ; toxicity ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; blood ; Female ; Ovary ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Phosphoproteins ; blood ; Progesterone ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Adult ; Aged ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; therapeutic use ; Dysphonia ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; physiopathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Female ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control

This review article compared the antiviral therapies recommended by major international and national guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)issued by American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver,Chinese Society of Hepatology & Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases,China Medical Association,and World Health Organization in 2015. The essentials and highlights of guidelines were compared,focusing on goals of therapy,indications of therapy,choices of drugs,endpoints and duration of therapy, management of treatment failure,treatment of CHB in pregnancy.

BACKGROUND:The rise of tissue engineering has opened up new ways for tissue repair and reconstruction of the urinary tract, and the bladder acellular matrix is a better alternative material for urinary tissue engineering.
OBJECTIVE:To construct the compound of hair fol icle stem cells with heterologous bladder acellular scaffold, and to observe the growth of hair fol icle stem cells on the scaffold.
METHODS:Bladder acellular matrix from New Zealand rabbits were prepared and detected using scanning electron microscopy and Masson staining. Passage 3 hair fol icle stem cells were statical y inoculated into the surface of bladder acellular matrix using secondary sedimentation method. Under inverted microscope, cellgrowth was observed, and cellgrowth curves were drawn. cellgrowth on the scaffold surface was observed through histological detection and scanning electron microscope observation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Prepared bladder acellular matrix was a white translucent film with fiber mesh structure, and no residual cells were seen. Masson staining results indicated that the bladder acellular matrix had col agen structure, and no obvious residual cells. After culture for 48 hours, hair fol icle stem cells grew wel around the bladder acellular matrix under inverted microscope;1 week later, hair fol icle stem cells extended and adhered to the scaffold surface. These findings indicate that hair fol icle stem cells have a good biocompatibility with the bladder acellular matrix through in vitro culture.

Objective To explore the clinical value of preparatory treatment using estradiol valerate and mifepristone before the curettage of the late small missed abortion.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with late small missed abortion were randomly divided into two groups:pretreated group(n =660) and control group(n =60).Women in the pretreated group were given 5 mg of Estradiol Valerate 3 times/day and 25 mg of Mifepristone twice/day for 3 days each before conducted curettage on the fourth day.While for the control group,curettage was done directly.The condition of operation and the occurrence of short-and long-term complications were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the pretreated group had a significant shorter operation duration[(8.6±2.7) rnin vs.(10.5±3.4) min,t =3.390,P =0.001]and less blood lose during operation[(47.5±18.3) ml vs.(61.8±20.5) ml,t =4.031,P ＜ 0.001].In terms of complications,the rates of incomplete curettage[(0 vs 13.3％,x2 =6.563,P =0.010],artificial abortion syndrome(3.3 ％ vs 15.0％,x2 =4.904,P =0.027),the cervical canal adhesion/Asherman' s syndrome(0 vs 11.7％,x2 =5.461,P =0.019),and the vaginal bleeding duration[(7.5±2.7) days vs(8.7±3.4) days,t =2.141,P =0.034]in the pretreated group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The average recovery time of menstruation after operation in the pretreated patients was significantly shorter than that in the control group[(30.5±9.3) days vs.(35.5±7.4) days,t =3.259,P =0.002].Contusion Estradiol valerate and Mifepristone as a preparatory treatment before the operation can help reduce the occurrence of complications and side effects in the late small missed abortion curettage and is helpful for the patients' recovery,thus worth wide clinical application.

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is an important form in integrated renal replace treatment.Malnutrition is still a problem to be resolved in CAPD. A number of investigations showed the effects of amino aicd peritoneal dialysate in malnutrition CAPD patients had benefit effects on improving nutrition status.The results of clinical progress of amino acid peritoneal dialysate used in peritoneal dialysis were reviewed.

Cancer stem cells are special stem cells and are found recently in many tumors,and have the capability of self renewal and differentiation and can gradually differentiate into matured tumor cells to form the primary lesion and the various metastasis lesions of tumors.As well known,cancer stem cells shared strong ability of resistant to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy,which is mainly related to many kinds of molecules and theirs relative regulation in niche regarding to cancer stem cells.Currently,the strategies of some novel therapies are conducted to detect the targeting sites with relevant to the microenvironments of cancer stem cells,such as the angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer stem cells.Furthermore,insights into drug-resistance of cancer stem cells and its niche may offer new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of tumors.

se—Met. In the experimental range of concentration, the activities of GSH—px were higher than that of control.