ObjectiveTo probe the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic generalized myokymia.MethodsSeven patients with idiopathic generalized myokymia were analysed retrospectively.ResultsAll 7 patients showed prominent myokymia characterized by undulating and vermicular movements spreading across the muscle surface. The myokymia in gastrocnemius muscles in all cases. The myokymia also appeared in both upper extremities in 5 patients,and in faces,waist,back,abdomen and all extremities in 2 patients. Muscle rippling movement was induced and increased by exercise,and persistent during sleep. The vermicular myokymia could be observed easily in the relaxation of the muscles. Electromyography tests showed myokymic discharges in 5 patients,but normal in 2 patients. 5 patients of them were cured with carbamazepine and phenytoin sodium.ConclusionThere are typical clinical features and effective treatment in the patients with idiopathic generalized myokymia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correction of secondary nasal deformity of cleft lip with autogenous costal cartilage framework.

METHODS237 cases with secondary nasal deformity of unilateral cleft lip were treated. The rib cartilage was harvested through a mini-invasive incision, and was fabricated as a C-shaped framework, as well as some cartilage fragments. Through transcolumella incision, the C-shaped framework was implanted to support the depressed alar and the cartilage fragments were used to augment the nasal base.

RESULTSSatisfactory cosmetic and functional results were achieved in all the patients with primary healing. 93 patients were followed up one year after operation with good cosmetic results.

CONCLUSIONSAutogenous costal cartilage framework can be used for the correction of secondary nasal deformity of cleft lip with satisfactory results.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Costal Cartilage ; transplantation ; Humans ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Rhinoplasty ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate and compare the outcome of two kinds of diameter hollow screws for the treatment of femoral neck fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to June 2013, 117 patients with femoral neck fractures were treated by closed reduction and hollow screws fixation. Among them,48 patients were fixed by 6.5 mm screw including 30 males and 18 females with an average age of (45.61 ± 11.99) years old ranging from 19 to 60 years old, involving 17 cases in Garden I/II and 31 cases in Garden III/IV; 69 patients were fixed by 8.0 mm screw including 40 males and 29 females with an average age of (45.17 ± 9.95) years old ranging from 18 to 60 years old, involving 31 cases in Garden I/II and 38 cases in Garden III/IV. The general information, operative time, hospital stay time, reduction quality, diameter of femoral head and neck, fracture healing time, the rate of fracture healing, postoperative complications were recorded and evaluated. Harris scoring was used to evaluate the hip joint function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 19.6 months (18 to 24 months). The difference of operative time, duration of hospitalization, quality of reduction were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no difference between two groups about the average diameter of the femoral head and neck, the fracture healing time, the rate of healing and the postoperative complications (P > 0.05). There were no difference between two groups about Harris scale. There were significant difference between Garden III/IV and I /II (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONClosed reduction and internal fixation with hollow screw in treating the young adult patients with femoral neck fracture is the first choice, both different diameters hollow screws could meet the requirements of fixation of femoral neck fracture, and not affect on fracture healing time and postoperative complications.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the fixation methods in treatment of tibial fracture in adolescents by comparing the results and complications of three fixation methods and to determine the factors related to those complications.

METHODSFrom January 2007 to January 2012, 83 diaphyseal tibial fractures in 79 adolescents were treated with elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation, plate fixation, or external fixation respectively. There were 55 males and 24 females with an average age of 13.9 years (ranging from 11 to 17.6 years). Outcomes were compared in terms of the hospital stay,time to union, complications, and reoperation rates.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 15.8 months in average. The time to union was significant associated with the pattern of fixation, energy of the injury, multiple and open fracture. The time of bone union of external fixation group was longer than that of elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation and plate fixation groups. But complication rates of external fixation group were higher than that of elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation and plate fixation groups. Four patients were treated with elastic nail fixation underwent a reoperation (loss of reduction in 2 cases, delayed union and nonunion in each 1 case). Six patients were treated with external fixation required a reoperation (loss of reduction in 3 cases, malunion in 2 cases, and replacement of a pin canal infection in 1 case). Two fractures were treated with plate fixation required refixation following nonunion and malunion. A multivariate analysis with adjustment for baseline differences showed external fixation to be associated with a 7.56 times (95% confidence interval=3.74 to 29.87) greater risk of loss of reduction and (or) malunion than elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation. At the final follow-up,there were agreeable results among three groups and no significant differences among them in final therapeutic effect (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONExternal fixation for treatment of tibial fracture in adolescents has the highest rate of complications than the other two fixation methods. Elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation can achieve the same effect of other fixed system and avoid most of the complications. Operation method choice depends on the experience of doctors and patients' basic situation and the fracture types.

Adolescent ; Bone Plates ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation of eating raw fish with primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC), and to investigate the synergistic effect of HBV infection, alcohol consumption and eating raw fish on the oncogenesis of PHC.

METHODSA hospital-based case-control study was conducted among 500 PHC patients and 500 non-cancerous patients in order to compare the history of eating raw fish. The synergistic pathogenetic action of eating raw fish, HBV infection and alcohol consumption on carcinogenesis of PHC was analyzed by crossover analysis and multiple logistic regression.

RESULTSThe rates of eating raw fish in the past between the case (54.8%) and the control group (8.4%) were significantly different (P < 0.001). OR value of suffering PHC in the patients who ate raw fish in the past was 13.6 (95% CI: 9.1-19.5) when compared with the non-cancerous patient. HBV infection, alcohol consumption and eating raw fish showed an interactive effect on the development of PHC, with a relative excessive risk of interaction(RERI) of 195.3 and 17.8; attributable proportion of interaction (API) of 0.8630 and 0.5251; and synergy index (S) of 7.5 and 2.8, respectively.

CONCLUSIONA history of eating raw fish may be an important risk factor for suffering primary hepatic carcinoma. HBV infection, alcohol consumption and eating raw fish may have a synergistic effect on the developing of primary hepatic carcinoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; epidemiology ; etiology ; virology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Eating ; Female ; Fishes ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; virology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Factors ; Seafood ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between clonorchiasis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and analyze the synergistic actions of HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis on HCC development.

METHODSThis hospital-based case-control study was conducted among 444 HCC patients (cases) and 500 non tumor patients (controls) to compare the prevalence of clonorchiasis in the cases and the controls. The risk of clonorchiasis and the synergistic actions between HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis on HCC development were analyzed by crossover analysis and multiple logistic regression.

RESULTSThe prevalence of clonorchiasis in the cases (16.44%) was much higher than that of the controls (2.40%) (X2 = 56.58, P less than 0.01). In the case group, the OR value of those with clonorchiasis was 8.00 (95% CI: 4.34-14.92). The OR value was 4.82 (95% CI: 2.32-10.26) for the subjects whose clonorchiasis was diagnosed less than 10 years before their diagnosis of HCC, and was 17.54 (95% CI: 5.47-57.18) for those whose HCC was diagnosed more than 10 years ago. HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis showed an additive interaction in the development of HCC, with a relative excess risk of interaction of 110.43 and 18.23; attributable proportion of interaction of 0.80 and 0.63; synergy index of 5.18 and 2.84, respectively.

CONCLUSIONClonorchiasis could be an important risk factor for HCC. When the course of clonorchiasis is prolonged, the risk of HCC could increase. HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis might have synergistic actions on the development of HCC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; parasitology ; Case-Control Studies ; Clonorchiasis ; Clonorchis sinensis ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; parasitology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThis clinical study was to find an effective method to prevent flap from necrosis.

METHODSWhen a flap showed blood flow problems, dexamethasone of 0.3 mg/kg was given intravenously for 2 days. Then the dose was decreased to 0.2 mg/kg at the third and the fourth day. At the fifth and the sixth day, dexamethasone of 0.1 mg/kg was given.

RESULTSA total of 51 flaps with blood flow problems was treated with this method. Thirty of them recovered completely; 18 survived mostly and 3 failed.

CONCLUSIONEarly application of dexamethasone can effectively ameliorate blood flow problems of the flap.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Surgical Flaps ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and distribution of intrahepatic CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in immuno-tolerant and immuno-clearance phase of patients with chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSThe expression of FoxP3 was detected in 19 cases of immuno-tolerant phase and 12 cases of immuno-clearance phase by immunohistochemistry. The relation between the intrahepatic expression of FoxP3 and the clinicopathological features were analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive signal of FoxP3 is located in nuclear of lymphocyte and mainly aggregated in portal areas as well as occasionally scattered in hepatic sinusoids. The expression of intrahepatic FoxP3 in the group of immuno-tolerant phase was significantly increased than those in normal control (P < 0.01), and greatly decreased than those in immuno-clearance phase (P < 0.01). No correlation was observed among the expression of intrahepatic FoxP3, ALT, levels of HBV DNA, HBeAg positive, in patients of immuno-clearance phase, respectively. There were significant differences between immuno-tolerant phase and immuno-clearance phase age, ALT, TBIL, PTA, HBV-DNA and detection of HBeAg but not in sex and family history of HBV infection.

CONCLUSIONCD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells may play important roles in the clearance of HBV as well as in liver inflammation and injury during chronic HBV infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; CD4 Antigens ; immunology ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; immunology ; Gene Expression ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; genetics ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore etiologic fraction (EF) and interaction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and other risk factors for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in Guangxi, China.

METHODSA hospital-based case-control study including 500 PHC patients and 500 nontumorous patients was carried out in Guangxi. EF and interactions of HBV infection and other risk factors for PHC were analyzed by crossover analysis and nonconditional multiple logistic regression.

RESULTSHBV infection, family history of PHC, diabetes mellitus, eating raw fish, heavy alcohol consumption, frequently used drug, low income, mental oppression and blood type B all were risk factors for PHC. With EFs of 0.725, 0.186, 0.119, 0.486, 0.385, 0.438, 0.277, 0.607, 0.299, respectively and with etiologic fractions attributable to interaction [EF(A xB)] of 0.736, 0.643, 0.849, 0.551, 0.592, 0.618, 0.902, 0.577; and indices of interaction of 0.743, 0.651, 0.853, 0.560, 0.600, 0.626, 0.907, 0.586, respectively.

CONCLUSIONMain risk factors for PHC might include HBV infection, family history of PHC, diabetes mellitus, eating raw fish, heavy alcohol consumption, frequently used drug, low income, mental oppression and blood type B. HBV infection with other risk factors might exert synergistic action on developing PHC and increase the risk of PHC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effects of an antisense PC cell derived growth factor (PCDGF) vector on proliferation and invasion of highly malignant ovarian cancer cell lines Sw626 and A2780 cells, and preliminarily explore the related mechanisms.

METHODSMTT assay and Boyden chamber in vitro invasion assay were employed to detect the changes of proliferation and invasion ability in the Sw626 and A2780 cells transfected with anti-sense PCDGF. The expression levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins before and after transfection were detected by Western blotting. The effects on the expression and activity of MMP-2 were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR and zymography, respectively.

RESULTSComparing with the blank group, the proliferation inhibition rate of the Sw626 and A2780 cells transfected with anti-sense PCDGF was 72.9% and 70.9%, respectively, and the invasion ability was inhibited by 62.9% and 59.0%, respectively. The levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 protein expression in antisense PCDGF transfected cells were 0.38 +/- 0.08 and 0.37 +/- 0.13, respectively, all significantly lower than 0.84 +/- 0.11 and 0.64 +/- 0.11, respectively, in the blank group (P < 0.01). The MMP-2 mRNA expression level in antisense PCDGF transfected cell group was 0.66 +/- 0.11, not significantly decreased in comparison with 0.89 +/- 0.09 in the blank group (P > 0.05), but the activity of MMP-2 was inhibited significantly.

CONCLUSIONThe antisense PCDGF vector may inhibit markedly the proliferation and invasion of highly malignant ovarian cancer cells, and partially reverses their malignant phenotype. It seems to be related with down-regulating the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and inhibiting the activity of MMP-2. Our findings indicate that PCDGF may become a new target for antisense gene therapy of ovarian cancer.

Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; DNA, Antisense ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Transfection