Objective To compare the results of stroke risk assessment system in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation u-sing CHADS2 and CHA2 DS2-VASc .Methods A total of 420 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation were evaluated using CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc ,they were divided into three groups according scores :low risk group(scores 0) ,intermediate risk group(scores 1) ,high risk group(scores≥2) .Compare the average scores and the proportions of three groups of two stroke risk as-sessment system .Results The average score of CHA2DS2-VASc was significantly higher than that′s of CHADS2 (2 .41 ± 1 .93 vs . 1 .39 ± 1 .39 ,P<0 .05) .According to scores of CHADS2 ,the proportions of low risk groups were 34 .5% (145/420) ,intermediate risk group were 28 .8% (121/420) ,high risk group were 36 .7% (154/420) .According to scores of CHA2DS2-VASc ,the propor-tions of low risk group were 16 .2% (68/420) ,intermediate risk group were 23 .3% (98/420) ,high risk group were 60 .5% (254/420) .CHA2 DS2-VASc compared with CHADS2 ,the proportion of low-risk group significantly lower than the latter ,the proportion of high-risk groups significantly higher than the latter(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The scores of CHA2DS2-VASc is significantly high-er than that′s of CHADS2 in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ,there are more patients needs anticoagulation using stroke risk assessment system CHA2 DS2-VASc .

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Qinghouyan lozenge in the treatment of acute pharyngitis due to Lung-heat and Yin-deficiency, and compare with Qinghouyan oral Liquid. Totally 144 subjects were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups (72 in the test group and 72 in the control group). The participants in the test group were given Qinghouyan lozenge for 5 days, and those in the control group were given Qinghouyan oral Liquid for 5 days. The effectiveness evaluation indexes were pharyngalgia/odynophagia disappearance rate, overall efficacy of TCM syndromes, TCM syndrome scores, and single syndrome and sign disappearance rate. During the test, the safety was evaluated by vital sign, lab examination indexes and adverse events. The results for the full analysis set showed that the couth disappearance rate, the incidence rate of TCM syndromes, and the throat/uvula congestion disappearance rate of the test group were higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), with significant differences in the changes in syndrome scores between the two groups (P < 0.05). Altogether 3 adverse events were observed in the test group while 6 adverse events in the control group, without significant differences in the adverse event rate between the two groups (P < 0.05), serious abnormal laboratory examinations and vital signs. In conclusion, Qinghouyan lozenge has better efficacy in treatment of acute pharyngitis due to Lung-heat and Yin-deficiency than Qinghouyan oral liquid, with good safety.
Acute Disease ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pharyngitis ; drug therapy

Objective:To express Tumstatin_(183-230)-TRAIL fusion protein and to observe its biological functions.Methods: SOE-ing PCR was employed to amplify the recombinant sequence of Tumstatin_(183-230)and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL_(114-281)).An expression vector pMAL-Tu-T was constructed by inserting Tu-T sequence into pMAL-c_2;the vector was used to transfect E.coli BL21(DE3)and expression of MBP-Tu-T fusion protein was induced by IPTG.Amylose Resin columns were employed to purify the fusion protein.The biological functions of MBP-Tu-T protein was examined by inhibitory test of endothelial cell proliferation,standard tumor cell cytotoxic assay,in vitro tube formation inhibition,and electron microscopic observation(apoptosis).Results:The expression rate of MBP-Tu-T fusion protein in E.coli was about 20%. Purified recombinant protein obviously inhibited endothelial cell proliferation(IC_(50)12.5?g/ml),induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells,and inhibited tube formation.Conclusion:Constructed MBP-Tu-T fusion protein is bifunctional,which lays a solid foundation for further investigation of antitumor effect of Tumstatin_(183-230)-TRAIL in vivo.

Objective To study the outcomes of autologous osteo-periosteal cylinder graft transplantation for Hepple V osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) with large subchondral cyst.Methods The data of 27 consecutive patients of OLT with subchondral cyst was retrospectively analyzed who were treated by autologous osteo-periosteal cylinder graft transplantation from October 2007 to September 2011.There were 26 males and 1 female with an average age of 35.8 years (range,22-53 years).Visual analogue score (VAS) for pain during daily activities,the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot score,and subjective satisfaction were investigated.The plain radiographs,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the ankle,and second look arthroscopy were analyzed.Results All the 26 patients were followed up for 22.4 months.At the last follow-up,the VAS score decreased from 5.4±1.0 points preoperatively to 0.8±0.8 points postoperatively,and the mean (50％) AOFAS score improved from 73.9±3.1 points preoperatively to 93.0±6.5 points postoperatively.In 26 cases,the radiolucent area of cysts disappeared on plain radiographs.The mean magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score was 57.2,though small subchondral bone cyst was still found in 3 cases on postoperative MRI.The mean (50％) ICRS arthroscopic score of cartilage repair was 9.2 points according to second look arthroscopy of 18 cases.There were 16 cases receiving excellent effect,8 good and 2 fair.The excellent and good rate was 92.3％ (24/26).There were no major complications.Conclusion Autologous osteo-periosteal cylinder graft transplantation could repair the osteochondral defects.It yields satisfactory results,and is suitable for treating OLT with large subchondral cyst.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the potential protective effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on post-thaw human sperm.

METHODSSemen samples were collected from 60 normal fertile men, each divided into six parts of equal volume to be incubated at 37 °C in normal saline (G0, control) or in the extender with 2 nmol/L (G1), 20 nmol/L (G2), 200 nmol/L (G3), 2 µmol/L (G4), and 20 µmol/L of MitoQ (G5). After one hour of incubation, the samples were subjected to computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) for sperm motility, flow cytometry for reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid assay for the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and MitoTracker fluorescent staining and flow cytometry for the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Then, the semen were cryopreserved with none (B0), 200 nmol/L (B1), and 2 µmol/L of MitoQ (B2), followed by detection of the changes in the ROS, MDA, and MMP of the post-thaw sperm.

RESULTSThe percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility were significantly higher in G3 ([30.8 ± 10.2]% and [70.6 ± 9.0]%) and G4 ([32.7 ± 13.5]% and [70.3 ± 11.9]%) than in G0 ([17.6 ± 5.0]% and [54.9 ± 11.5]%) (P < 0.05). The level of ROS dropped markedly with the increased concentration of MitoQ, 86.5 ± 31.6 in G3, 93.6 ± 42.0 in G4, and 45.1 ± 15.0 in G5, as compared with 160.8 ± 39.7 in G0 (P < 0.05). The content of MDA was remarkably lower in G3 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) and G4 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) than in G0 ([1.9 ± 1.1] µmol/mg) (P < 0.05), but not in G5 ([1.7 ± 0.7] µmol/mg), which was even higher than in G3 and G4 (P < 0.05). The MMP showed a significant reduction in G5 (1156 ± 216) in comparison with G0 (1701 ± 251) (P < 0.05) but exhibited no remarkable difference between G0 and G1 (1810 ± 298), G2 (1995 ± 437), G3 (1950 ± 334), or G4 (1582 ± 314). The percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility after freezing-thawing were significantly decreased as compared with those of the fresh semen (P < 0.01), but both were remarkably higher in B1 ([3.2 ± 2.3]% and [ 43.0 ± 9.5]%) than in B0 ([0.8 ± 0.6]% and [26.5 ± 11.4]%) (P < 0.05). The ROS level was significantly lower in B1 and B2 than in B0 (34.6 ± 12. 3 and 37.0 ± 10.5 vs 56.9 ± 14.3, P < 0.05), and so was the MDA content ([1.4 ± 0.5] and [1.4 ± 0.6] µmol/mg vs [2.6 ± 1.0] µmol/mg, P < 0.05), but the MMP was markedly higher in B1 and B2 than in B0 (1010.0 ± 130.5 and 880.6 ± 128.6 vs 721.1 ± 24.8, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAddition of MitoQ to the freezing extender at 200 nmol/L may effectively improve the quality of human sperm and MitoQ is a good protective addictive for human sperm cryopreservation.

Antioxidants ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Ubiquinone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome(LNS) is a congenital X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene.A deficiency of the HPRT enzyme is responsible for the disease.The main clinical manifestation includes hyperuricemia, juvenile-onset gouty arthritis and neurological developmental disorders.Studies have reported there are more than 400 HPRT gene mutation sites, but the incidence of LNS in the Chinese population is extremely low.Here we report a 16-year-old male patient who suffered neurological dysfunction at an early age and gouty arthritis in his youth.DNA of patient and his family members were extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes.The coding region and the intron-exon boundaries of HPRT gene were sequenced by standard methods.We found a mutation in exon 3 of the HPRT gene of the patient and his mother (Exon3:c.143G>A), which resulted in an arginine to histidine (p.R48H) substitution in the encoded protein.No activity of the enzyme HPRT was detected in the erythrocytes.The same mutation was reported in several European families, but was found in Chinese family for the first time.Clinicians in China have poor experience in diagnosing LNS case, due to the low incidence in China.Therefore LNS screening for infants or adolescents with hyperuricemia, gouty arthritis and neurological dysfunction should be performed.

Objective To analysis the clinical high risk factors for fetal chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Amniocentesis,chromosomal karyotype analysis and other related methods were performed on 4829 pregnant women,who presented sole indication of prenatal diagnosis such as advanced age,high risk factors and fetal ultrasound abnormalities,for analyzing the correlations of those women to the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.Results The detection rates of abnormal karyotype were 5.0％ (57/1143),1.7％ (40/2367) and 4.3％ (57/1319) in the older women group (age＞35),abnormal maternal serological screening group and abnormal fetal ultrasound finding group,respectively.The detection rats of karyotype abnormality were 6.9％ (23/333) in women with fetal congenital heart diseases,8.5％ (20/234) in those with abnormal amniotic fluid,1.1％ (1/89) in those with fetal ventriculomegaly,1.1％ (10/898) in those with fetal intracardiac hyperechogenicity,5.9％ (2/34) in those with fetal choroid cyst and 5.6％ (1/18) in those with fetal renal pelvis broadening.Conclusion The pregnant women with age＞35,fetal sonographic structural anomalies or two or more soft marker abnormalities should be prenatally diagnosed and doing the genetic counseling combined with the family history.

Objective To study the expressions of HSP70 and AQP4 in the H.Pylori-associated gastritis mice of Pi-Wei hygropyrexia syndrome;To investigate the mechanism of Mieyou Soup. Methods The mice were randomly divided into high concentration of Mieyou Soup group, low concentration of Mieyou Soup group, gastric triad group, model group and control group. BALB/c mice of H.Pylori-associated gastritis mice of Pi-Wei hygropyrexia syndrome model was established by composite factor. After modeling, the mice were administered for of continuous 14 days. The drug dosage of high concentration of Mieyou Soup group, low concentrations of Mieyou Soup group, and gastric triad group were 12.4, 6.2 g/kg, and 0.279 8 mg/kg, respectively. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of HSP70 protein, and immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of AQP4 protein. Results Compared with control group, the expression of HSP70 and AQP4 in model group significantly increased (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the HSP70 in high concentration of Mieyou Soup group, low concentrations of Mieyou Soup group, gastric triad group increased, the AQP4 in high concentration of Mieyou Soup group, low concentrations of Mieyou Soup group, gastric triad group decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusion Mieyou Soup may play a role in treatment of H.Pylori-associated gastritis mice of Pi-Wei hygropyrexia syndrome by raising the expression of HSP70, and reducing the expression of AQP4 protein expression.

Objective To study the effects of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPA?r) on the biological characteristics of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs); Methods The activated HSCs were divided into four groups: control group, rosiglitazone group, GW9662 + rosiglitazone group and GW9662 group. The cell proliferation was determined with MTT colorimetric assay, The cell apoptosis was studied with flow cytometry. The expression of PPA?r, Type I collagen were detected by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Results MTT of HSCs in rosiglitazone group was (0. 49?0. 06) significantly lower than in control group ( 1. 00?0. 045 ), GW9662 group (0. 89?0. 043 ) , GW9662 + rosiglitazone group (0.78?0.049)(t = 15.59,14.68,8.07, P

Objective To evaluate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in sevoflurane postconditioning-induced reduction of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.Methods Forty pathogen-free healthy male C57 mice,aged 8 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were assigned into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),myocardial I/R group (group I/R),sevoflurane postconditioning group (group SPC) and HIF-1α inhibitor 2Me2 group (group 2Me2).Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized mice.In group SPC,3％ sevofiurane was inhaled for 15 min starting from the onset of reperfusion.In group 2Me2,30％ 2Me2 (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia.The mice were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion,and the hearts were removed for determination of the myocardial infarct size (using the Image J software) and expression of HIF-1α in thc nucleus of cardiomyocytes (by Western blot).Results Compared with group Sham,the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased in I/R,SPC and 2Me2 groups,the expression of HIF-1α was significantly up-regulated in I/R and SPC groups,and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly down-regulated in group 2Me2 (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,the myocardial infarct size was significantly decreased,and the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated in group SPC,and the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased,and the expression of HIF-1α was down-regulated in group 2Me2 (P＜0.05).Compared with group SPC,the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased,and the expression of HIF-1α was down-regulated in group 2Me2 (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane postconditioning reduces myocardial I/R injury is related to up-regulation of HIF-1α expression in mice.