Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns, Chemical ; Eye Burns ; Fisheries ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Injuries ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: It is demonstrated in modern pharmacologic study that total paeony glycoside (TPG) provides extensive pharmacologic activities,such as inhibiting aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes, anticoagulation,antithrombsis, anti-arterial sclerosis, protecting heart and liver, anti-tumor,etc.OBJECTIVE: Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro and by the changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in cell culture solution, the protection of TPG on injured cardiomyocytes was analyzed.DESIGN: Controlled observation was designed.SETTING: Bioengineering Department in School of Life Science and Technology of Xi 'an Jiaotong University and Institute of Bone Diseases in Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Bioengineering Department in School of Life Science and Technology of Xi 'an Jiaotong University from February to June in 2003, in which, 44 SD neonatal rats aged 1-3 days were employed. The 48-hour-cultured cardioryocytes were prepared in 42 bottles and randomized into 6 groups, named normal control (normal group), medicated-injury group (injury group), TPG 0.625 mg/L group,TPG 3.125 mg/L group, TPG 15.625 mg/L group and positive control, 7 bottles in each group.METHODS: Cardiomyocytic primary culture was performed under aseptic condition. No any drug was used in normal group, isoprenaline was added in injury group to terminate the concentration at 100 mg/L, in TPG 0.625, 3.125 and 15.625 mg/L groups, 30 minutes after isoprenaline added, RGP at dosages of 0.625, 3.125 and 15.625 mg/L were added respectively; in positive control, 30 minutes after isoprenaline added, coenzyme Q10 was used to terminate the concentration as 100 mg/L.Afterwards, the assay of every index was performed. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) method was used to assay SOD activity, thiobarbituric acid (TBA)method was to assay MDA content and nitrate reductase (NR) method was to assay NO content.cell culture solution in each group.Compared with normal group, the levels of total SOD, CuZn-SOD and MnSOD were reduced remarkably in injury group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The above-indexes in every TPG group and positive control were improved to different extents (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01), in which, the protection of TPG 15.625 mg/L group was near to or superior to positive control [(79.50±10.67), (80.30±13.50); (48.24±13.26), (49.73±10.23); (31.26±10.22),in cell culture solution in each group: Those in injury group were higher remarkably than normal group (P ＜ 0.01). MDA and NO contents were all reduced in every TPG group and positive control and dose dependence presented in TPG protection, the higher the dose was, the stronger the action of TPG on protection was, in which, in high-dose group, MDA content was near to normal group [(5.41±1.81), (4.48±0.94) μmol/L, P ＞ 0.05] and NO content was similar to positive control [(81.83± 9.08), (82.41±12.37) mol/L,P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: TPG protects myocardial injury induced by isoprenaline,indicating dose-dependence relationship, which is probably associated with enhanced anti-oxidation of cell, reduced injury of cellular membrane induced by free radical and lipid oxidant.

AIM: To investigate the status of myopia in students from different kinds of schools in Shantou city, China.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 2 418 students from 4 middle and high schools in Shantou were surveyed through randomized cluster sampling. Ophthalmic examination and auto-refraction were performed for all subjects.
RESULTS: Among all 2 394 students examined. The myopia rates for students from middle and high school were 48. 07% and 68. 28%. In normal middle school, students from rural area had lower rate of myopia than students from the urban area (χ2 = 13. 879, P<0. 01 ). Students from key rural high schools had lower rate of myopia than students from key urban high school (χ2 =175. 231, P<0. 01).
CONCLUSION:The prevalence of myopia in the middle school of urban area in Shantou was higher than rural area. The increasing rate of myopia in youngsters is correlated with study stress. In order to decrease the myopia rate, it is extremely important to improve study environment in students.

Objective To determine PD-L2 expression in human cervical squamous cell carcinomas and analyze its association with the clinical and pathologic characteristics of these cases ;observe the role of recombinant PD-L2 protein on apoptosis of active peripheral blood T lymphocytes of cervical carcinoma patients .Methods PD-L2 expression in cervical squamous cell carcinomas was determined by immunohistochemistry staining ,and the association between PD-L2 expression with the clinical and pathologic characteristics of these cases was analyzed .In vitro ,the peripheral blood T lymphocytes of cervical carcinoma patients were divided into blank group ,PD-L2 group and PD-L2+anti-PD-1 group respectively .After these active T cells were cultured 72 h ,their apop-totic rates were detected by flow cytometry .Results PD-L2 expressed in 53 .3% (32/60)cervical squamous cell carcinomas ,and it′s expression associated with lymph node metastasis of these cases (P< 0 .05) .In vitro ,PD-L2 promoted apoptosis of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes ,the apoptotic rates were 17 .0% and 22 .4% respectively ,which were higher than 9 .0% and 16 .2% of blank group;however ,the apoptotic rates dropped to 11 .1% and 17 .5% in PD-L2+anti-PD-1 group .Conclusion PD-L2 aberrantly ex-presses in cervical squamous cell carcinomas and is associated with their lymph node metastasis .PD-L2 promotes apoptosis of T lymphocytes and depresses the anti-tumor immunity of cervical microenvironment ,and promotes lymph node metastasis of these cancers .PD-L2/PD-1 pathway may be a potential immunotherapy target of cervical squamous cell carcinomas .

Objective To approach the clinical curative effect of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.Methods 120 adrenal tumors patients clinical data of urinary surgery in our hospital were analyzed,who was divided into detection group(80 cases) and control group(40 cases).Results The operation time,bleeding volume,postoperative exhaust time,hospitalization time,incision infection,pulmonary infection,intestinal injury of detection group were lower than those of control group (t =5.59,21.17,26.32,6.01,x2 =7.79,7.79,5.13,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy has some advantages:the small incision,less trauma,faster postoperative recovery,less complication,,which was worth of applying.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy by retroperitoneal in 65 cases.Methods 65 patients who received retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy were selected as the observation group,and their clinical data were analyzed.At the same period,S0 patients treated by open operation were selected as the control group.The clinical effect was compared between the two groups.Results The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,incision infection,pulmonary infection,hypercapnia,intestinal injury of observation group were lower than those of control group (t =7.60,8.38,8.83,x2 =8.33,6.19,4.08,4.08,all P ＜0.05).The positive margin rate,local recurrence rate,distant metastasis rate of two groups were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy by retroperitoneal has advantages of small wound,quicker recovery,less complications and good prognosis,which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To determine the influence of intense pulsed light (IPL) on the secretion of TGF-β1 in cultured human fibroblasts and the intervention of JNK inhibitor.Methods The callan foreskin fibroblasts were cultured and divided into 2 groups. In the IPL treatment group, cells were irradiated with IPL with fluences of0 (negative control), 10, 18, 27, 36, and 36 J/cm2 × 2 (irradiated with IPL with fluences of 36 J/cm2 twice). In the IPL + inhibitor group, cells were irradiated with IPL with fluences of 36 J/cm2 after incubation with the inhibitor SP600125 for 2 h. TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant was evaluated 48 h after the irradiation using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the negative control, TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant decreased at the IPL irradiation of 10, 18, 27, and 36 J / cm2, whereas TGF-β1 increased at the IPL irradiation of 36 J/cm2× 2. In the IPL + inhibitor group, the concentration of TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant decreased compared with the controls (P<0.05). Conclusion IPL can suppress the secretion of TGF-β1 at the lower fluence and promote the secretion at a higher fluence. JNK inhibitor may play an inhibitive role when IPL regulates the TGF-β1 secretion in cultured human fibroblasts. IPL may stimulate TGF-β1 secretion of the fibroblast cells in human skin via JNK signal pathway.

Aim To investigate the antioxidative effect of total paeony glycoside(TPG) on cardiomyocytes injured.Methods The ischemia and hypoxia injuy model of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes was induced by adding isoprenaline(ISO), and superoxide dismutase(SOD), malonalde hyde(MDA) and nitric oxide(NO) in the culture solution of normal control group; ISO injure group, CoQ 10 positive control group as well as protective group s with high,middle or low-dose TPG were respectively analyzed and compared. Results Compared with normal control group,the enzyme activity o f total SOD, CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD decreased obviously, and the content of MDA and NO increased markedly in injury group, but in TPG and CoQ 10 groups all of detective indicators had improvement in varying degrees, and the protective effect was better than or close to positive control group in high-dose TPG grou p.Conclusion TPG has protective action on injured cardiomyocyte s induced by ISO in dose-dependent manner. The mechanism relates to the enhance ment of antioxidative effect in cells, and the reduction of membrane damage caus ed by free radical and lipid peroxide.

Perinatal depression is a psychological disorder that occurs during pregnancy and within one year of delivery, which can seriously affect the physical and mental health of pregnant and postpartum women, as well as the cognitive and behavioral abilities of offspring, with potential multigenerational effects. Therefore, it is important to identify its potential modifiable risk factors. Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), as common environmental endocrine disruptors, can affect maternal estrogen through multiple mechanisms and are important potential modifiable risk factors for developing maternal perinatal depression. At present, studies on the correlation between PAEs and perinatal depression are still very limited, and the mechanisms by which PAEs affect perinatal depression have not been clarified. Based on existing epidemiological and toxicological studies at home and abroad, the article briefly introduced the characteristics of multiple pathways, high doses, and long-term exposure to maternal PAEs, focused on reviewing the current status of epidemiological studies, pointed out the possible associations between some specific PAEs exposure and elevated risk of perinatal depression. It also summarized the potential roles of hormone-neurotransmitter pathway, inflammation mediation, gene regulation, and other possible mechanisms in the association between exposure to PAEs and perinatal depression. The article concluded with a look at how future research on the association between exposure to PAEs and perinatal depression can be scientifically validated, with a view to providing more high-quality evidence for the scientific prevention of the onset and progression of maternal depressive symptoms.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of compound polymyxin B ointment combined with desonide cream for the treatment of subacute or chronic eczema. Methods A multicenter, randomized, double?blind, parallel?group, controlled clinical study was conducted. Totally, 144 patients with subacute eczema and 144 patients with chronic eczema were enrolled into this study, and both randomly and equally divided into the test group and control group. The test group and control group firstly topically applied compound polymyxin B ointment and its vehicle respectively, then both topically applied desonide cream 3 hours later. The drugs or vehicle were applied twice a day in all the patients. Patients′ symptoms and signs (including degree of itching, inflammation, erosion/exudation and infiltration/thickening, as well as area of target lesions) were evaluated, and the time to onset and duration of itching?alleviating effect were recorded. The clinical efficacy and safety of treatments were analyzed and compared between the test group and control group. Results The total symptom and sign scores significantly decreased to different extents on days 7 and 14 in the test group(subacute eczema patients:6.09 ± 2.78 and 3.68 ± 3.18 vs. 13.44 ± 1.66; chronic eczema patients: 6.56 ± 2.68 and 4.38 ± 3.27 vs. 12.96 ± 1.16)and control group(subacute eczema patients:8.26 ± 3.17 and 5.28 ± 4.05 vs. 13.60 ± 1.75;chronic eczema patients: 8.84 ± 2.90 and 6.25 ± 3.78 and vs. 12.64 ± 1.18)compared with those at baseline. Moreover, the total symptom and sign score of patients with subacute or chronic eczema was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group on days 7 and 14(all P<0.05). A significant increment was observed in the degree of decrease in scores for itch, infiltration/thickening in patients with subacute eczema in the test group compared with that in the control group(all P<0.01), as well as in scores for itch, infiltration/thickening and area of target lesions in patients with chronic eczema in the test group compared with those in the control group (all P < 0.05). In addition, patients with subacute eczema in the test group showed significantly shorter onset and longer duration of itching?alleviating effect than those in the control group(both P<0.05). The time to onset of itching?alleviating effect was also significantly shorter in patients with chronic eczema in the test group than in those in the control group(P<0.000 1), but there was no significant difference in the duration of it between the two groups of patients with chronic eczema. Clinicians and patients were both more satisfied with therapeutic effects in the test group than in the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusions Topical compound polymyxin B ointment can increase the efficacy of topical desonide cream for the treatment of subacute or chronic eczema, especially subacute eczema. Compound polymyxin B ointment also shows a favorable therapeutic effect on itching and infiltration/thickening in patients with eczema.