ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokinase for acute cerebral infarction.Methods Fifty patients with acute cerebral infarction occurred within 6 hours were divided into two groups by random digits table method with 25 cases each:intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis group and intravenous thrombolysis group.The patients in intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis group were given 200 000 U urokinase by intravenous infusion for 30 minutes immediately after being hospitalized,and arterial thrombolysis was prepared at the same time.With cerebrovascular angiography,the thrombolytic therapy was carried out in the target vessel blocking points through micro-catheter.Urokinase dissolved in 0.9％ sodium chloride was infused at the rate of 10 000 U per minute,the total volume would not be more than 1 000 000 U.The patients in intravenous thrombolysis group were given 1 000 000 U urokinase in 100 ml 0.9％ sodium chloride by intravenous infusion within 60 minutes.The clinical efficacy after thrombolysis was assessed according to the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score,the quality of life was judged by Barthel index (BI) score and the prognosis was evaluated by modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 90 days after thrombolysis.ResultsThere was no significant difference between two groups before thrombolysis according to the NIHSS score (P ＞ 0.05).After thrombolysis,NIHSS scores in two groups showed a downward trend,but they were obviously lower in intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis group after 24 h,7 d and 14 d than those in intravenous thrombolysis group [(8.97±4.56) scores vs.(11.01±3.65) scores,(6.88±2.31) scores vs.(8.34±3.05) scores,( 4.06±3.02 ) scores vs.( 6.73±2.15 ) scores ] ( P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).BI scores before thrombolysis between two groups had no significant difference(P ＞0.05),while BI score of 90 days after thrombolysis in intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis group [(79.55±19.64) scores] was higher than that in intravenous thrombolysis group [(69.31±21.35) scores](P=0.0162).The rate of mRS score 0-2 (good efficscy) in intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis group [72.0％(18/25) ] was obviously higher than that in intravenous thrombolysis group [ 52.0％ ( 13/25 ) ] (P =0.0198 ).ConclusionsIt is significantly effective to treat acute cerebral infarction by superselective intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis.Therefore,it is supposed to be an optimal option for treating acute cerebral infarction in the future.

Objective To assess the feasibility of heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix(ADM)seeded with adipose derived stem cells(ADSC)for urethroplasty in a rabbit model.Methods ADSC were isolated from a rabbit and expanded in vitro,then identified by flow cytometry.We seeded ADSC onto the ADM and made it into tissue-engineered urethra.12 male rabbits were removed 1 cm urethra and divided into experiment group and control group.There were 6 rabbits in each group.Reconstructed urethra with tissueengineered urethra was used in experiment group,while unseeded ADM were used in control group.Urethrography was performed at 6 months after surgery.The animals were scarified at 3 and 6 months after surgery and the repaired urethra were harvested.H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed with cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and smooth muscle desmin makers.Results The morphology of isolated ADSC was with long spindle cross-links,and had multicentral growth.Flow cytometry showed that the ADSC expressed CD166,CD105,CD90 and CD44,but not expressed CD45 and CD13.The cells could growth well on the ADM and showed good biocompatibility with it.All animals could void normally,urethrography showed there was no significant stenosis.3 months after surgery,the experiment group appeared regenerated smooth muscle but not in the control group,both groups did not regenerate urothelium.At 6 months urothelium and smooth muscle cells could be observed in the experiment group,but only the smooth muscle was evident in the control group.Conclusions By applying tissue engineering methods,we can seed the ADSC onto the heterogeneous ADM and make it into tissue-engineered urethra,which can help improve the reconstructive effect of urethra.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin ,C‐reactive protein and white blood cell count in children with different diseases .Methods Retrospective analysis 94 cases of pathogenic infectious children from June 2013 to May 2014 in our hospital ,according to the results of pathogen detection was divided into bacterial infection 36 cases ,mycoplasma infec‐tion group 28 cases ,30 cases of viral infection ,detection and analysis serum PCT ,CRP and WBC levels .Results Bacterial infection group serum PCT ,CRP and WBC were (2 .41 ± 0 .94)ng/mL ,(47 .91 ± 18 .26)mg/L and (13 .18 ± 6 .03) × 109/L ,significantly higher than the mycoplasma infection and viral infection group (F=133 .4 ,F=60 .1 ,F=8 .5 ,P<0 .05);diagnosis of bacterial in‐fections ,PCT sensitivity and specificity were 92 .11% and 91 .05% ,positive and negative predictive value of 89 .84 % and 94 .01%were significantly higher than CPR and WBC ,Mycoplasma infection as the control group ,PCT ,CRP and WBC in the diagnosis of bacterial infections ,the area of under the ROC curves were 0 .816 ,0 .728 and 0 .614 ,respectively .Conclusion Serum PCT for the i‐dentification of bacterial infections has a high diagnostic value ,worth generalizing and applying .

AIM To investigate the effect of aspirin on the proliferation and NOS expression in astrocytoma cell line, and probe into its mechanism. METHOD The effect of aspirin on the growth of astrocytoma cells was evaluated by MTT assay; NOS protein levels were determined by immunocytochemistry, NO and CEA concentration in the medium were determined by Griess assay and lepton catch immunising method respectively. RESULTS Aspirin inhibited the growth of astrocytoma cells, induced the expression of iNOS, increased the concentration of NO in the medium. The effects of these were centratoin dependent. Moreover, aspirin reduced the concentration of CEA in the medium. CONCLUSION Aspirin inhibits the growth of astrocytoma cell line. Up regulated iNOS expression resulting a increase of NO concentration are ascribed to mechanism of antiproliferation activity of aspirin. CEA is a good indicator in monitoring curative effect of astrocytoma.

OBJECTIVE To analyze clinical and etiologic characteristics of indwelling venous catheter-related infection(CRI) in artificial liver support system(ALSS)-treated patients and explore the measures of prevention and treatment.METHODS Bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test were performed in cusp of catheters after being pulled out and the peripheral blood in liver failure patients.RESULTS Sixty four strains were isolated including 56 Gram-positive strains,2 Gram-negative strains and 6 fungi ones,respectively.The most frequent organism was Staphylococcus epidermidis which had high sensitivity to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS The most effective measure is removing catheters in time,and vancomycin is the most optimal agent for CRI.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of combination of Tongxiening granule and Mesalazine on treating mild and moderate ulcerative colitis(UC) .Methods Totally 380 patients with mild‐to‐moderate UC diagnosed through endoscopy were allocated to the control group (n=190) and observation group(n=190) .For the observation group ,patients were remedied with the combination of Tongxiening Granules and the Mesalazine by oral administration for eight weeks ,meanwhile the control group only received the Mesalazine for eight weeks .The total effective rate of the two groups were statistically analyzed ,and the levels of ser‐um MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 before and after treatment in the two groups were measured .The expression of S100A12 and RAGE were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method .Results The total effective rate of the observation group and the control group was 94 .74% and 89 .47% respectively ,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .01) .After treatment ,the expression levels of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in the two groups were decreased ,additionally the expression levels in the observation group was lower than those in the control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .01) .After treatment ,the expression levels of RAGE and S100A12 in the observation group were decreased ,and there was a significant difference when compared with the control group(P<0 .01) .Conclusion Combined application of Tongxiening Granules and Mesalazine in treating patients with mild‐to‐mod‐erate UC could better improve clinical symptoms and bring better therapeutic effect than single use of Mesalazine .

Objective To explore the extent of lung injury induced by hyperoxia,and the activity of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway(UPP) in pathophysiological progress of lung tissue in early stages.Methods Adopted completely random design,20 SD rats were divided into hyperoxia group and air control group.For the air control group,the oxygen concentration exiting the cages was analyzed with oxygen monitor and oxygen concentration remained at 210 mL/L for 72 hours;while in the hyperoxia group,the condition changed into high-density oxygen(950 mL/L) for 72 hours to estimate the hyperoxia lung injury in rats model.The contents linked morphology as pathological classification in gross finding,pathological score of lung injury and the index of pneumonedema-the ratio of moist to dry weight of lungs were mea-sured.The expressions of ubiquitin protein and the activity of proteasome 20 S and the active statement of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.Results 1.The hyperoxia lung injury rat model was successfully duplicated.2.In hyperoxia group,pulmonary edema with increased ratio of moist to dry weight of lungs could be found(P=0).3.Macroscopic observation: bright red and full-stacked lung tissue,foliated or local hemorrhage on the surface,but little pleural effusion was observed in hyperoxia group.There was statistical significance of pathological classification in gross finding between hyperoxia group and air control group(P=0.005).Light microscope observation:swelled alveolar epithelium,widened alveoli wall,capillary engorgement and telangiectasis,obvious edema in interstitial tissue of pulmonary aveolus and alveolar space,increased inflammatory cells were observed in hyperoxia group.The findings of pathological score of lung injury indicated more serious injure than control group(P=0).4.The increased expression of ubiquitin protein in lung tissue was discoved by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot findings after hyperoxia exposure 72 hours.(P=0).5.The acti-vity of proteasomes 20 S in hyperoxia group was higher than that in control group(P=0).Conclusions The mainly pathological changes of lung are generated through hyperoxic exposure for 72 hours,including alveolar epithelial cell and vascular endothelial cell injury diffusely,inflammatory cell infiltration and pulmonary edema.Active the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is connected with the pathophysiological process of lung injury in the initial stages of hyperoxia-exposure.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of the ubiquitin proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on p38 signaling pathway and apoptosis in lung injury induced by hyperoxia. Methods Twenty-six SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group(n=5),MG-132 control group(n=5),hyperoxia group(n=8) and MG-132 hyperoxia group(n=8).Hyperoxia lung injury rat models were established,and proteasome inhibitor(0.5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected in control group and MG-132 hyperoxia group once daily.The resected lungs were histopathologically examined,and cell apoptosis and expression of ubiquitin and p38 were detected by TUNEL and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Results After hyperoxia exposure,there were edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissues of SD rats.The apoptosis index and expression of p38MAPK of hyperoxia group were higher than those of normal control group and MG-132 hyperoxia group(P

Objective To evaluate application feasibility of Array CGH in genetic diagnosis of clinical complex chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Two patients of genetic counseling and two patients of prenatal diagnosis were selected from Xiamen Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital during the period of December 2010 to December 2011.Under aseptic conditions 2-4 ml peripheral blood was collected in EDTA and 2-3 ml Cord Blood was collected through cordocentesis after genetic counseling and preoperative examination.G-banded chromosome analysis and genome DNA extraction were carried out on the four cases.The whole genome of four cases were scanned and analyzed by Array CGH.The results of Array CGH were confirmed by FISH.Results Array CGH detected different kinds of duplications and deletions in several chromosomes.Most of these duplications and deletions were not detected by karyotype analysis.The results of Array CGH showed duplication of 4p16.3-4p15.31,deletion of 4p16.3 in the first case,duplication of Xp11.22-Xq11.1 in the second case,duplication of 4p16.3-4p15.32,deletion of 2q37.3 in the third case and duplication of 2q21.2-2q32.1,deletion of 2q14.3-2q21.1 in the fourth case.These duplications and deletions were confirmed by FISH.Conclusions Compared with conventional cytogenetic analysis,Array CGH can not only accurately detect micro deletion and micro duplication with high resolution and sensitivity but also identify breakpoints precisely.Array CGH can provide the basis for clinical genetic diagnosis.

Cryptotanshinone (CPT), a lipid soluble active compound in Salvia miltiorrhiza, has a significant inhibitory effect on multiple malignant tumors, e. g. chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells and can effectively enhance imatinib's chemotherapeutic effect. However, its functional molecular mechanism remained unclear. In this experiment, the authors conducted a systematic study on the effect of CPT on the imatinib sensitivity and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in CML cells by using CML cells K562 and imatinib persister K562-R. The MTT assays were performed to determine CPT's impact on the inhibitory effect of imatinib. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining analysis was used to detect the changes in the cell apoptosis rate. The active changes in apoptosis regulatory proteins Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and PARP were determined by Western blot. After the cells were pretreated with the gradient concentration of CPT, the expression of P-gp was analyzed by Western blot and flow cytometry. The changes in intracellular concentrations of imatinib were determined by HPLC analysis. The results indicated that the pretreatment with CPT significantly increased the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis inducing effects of imatinib on K562 and K562-R cells as well as the degradation product expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and PARP, with a significant difference with the control group (P < 0.01). However, CPT showed no impact on the P-gp expression in CML cells and the intracellular concentrations of imatinib. In summary, the findings suggested that CPT enhanced the sensitivity of CML cells to imatinib. Its mechanism is not dependent on the inhibition in P-gp expression and the increase in intracellular drug concentration.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; pharmacology ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology