Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans

To prepare decalcified bone matrix particles(DBMP)with adriamycin(ADM) impregnated bone cement(BC) drug delivery system(DDS), its drug delivery characteristics were studied and analysed in vivo. DBMP were made according to the methods of Urist et al. ADM was putting into DBMP by vacuum absorption and freeze drying techniques. Then the DBMP with ADM were impregnated into BC in 1∶1 to form DDS. The DDS was implanted into the greater trochanter of femur in rabbits and the release test was done in vivo. The DDS could gradually release ADM for over 12 weeks in local bone tissues, maintained stable release for 4 weeks. The maximum ADM in local bone tissues was 29 times higher than that of the same intrarenous dose, while the maximum ADM in plasma was only 1/10 of the same intravenous dose. The DDS has a good sustained release function, and can meet the needs of local chemotherapy for limb salvage treament of bone tumor.

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensively-designed experiment teaching methodology in the teaching of geriatric nursing. Methods Sixty-three nursing students in the grade of 2010 were assigned into the experiment group, where the comprehensively-designed experiment teaching methodology were adopted. And the fifty-eight nursing students in the grade of 2009 were assigned as the control group, where the traditional experiment teaching methods were adopted. The two groups were compared in terms of theory test scores and evaluations to the two teaching methods. Result The theory examination score and students'evaluation in the experiment were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensively-designed experiment teaching method used in the teaching of geriatric nursing is beneficial for the students to improve their interest in learning, cultivate their comprehensive quality, shorten the gap between the experimental teaching and clinical practice and improve the teaching effect of geriatric nursing.

Objective To study the effects and mechanism of evodiamine on human colon cancer cell. Methods After human colon cancer SW620 cell were treated with different doses of evodiamine, the growth of anchorage independence of cancer cell was studied by colony formation in soft agar, and invasion ability was determined by Boyden chamber,and the level of mRNA and protein of midkine gene was detected by real time RT-PCR and Western blot assay, respectively. Results Ecodiamine could significantly inhibit both invasion ability and anchorage independence growth in dose-dependent manners. The level of mRNA and pro-tein of midkine of cancer cells treated with evodiamine reduced in time-and dose-dependent manners Conclusion Evodiamine could inhibit invasion of colon carcinoma cell through down-regulating of midkine expression.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of S100A4 gene silence on invasion of human thyroid cancer cell. Methods After thyroid cancer cell ARO was transfected by S100A4 small interfering RNA (siRNA), mRNA and protein level of S100A4 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The anchorage-independent growth was examined by colony formation assay in soft agar, and invasion ability was evaluated by boyden chamber model. Results The level of mRNA and protein of S100A4 was significantly inhibited in ARO cancer cells transfected by S100A4 siRNA.Transfection with S100A4 siRNA could inhibit anchorage-independent growth and invasion ability of thyroid cancer cell ARO in a dose-dependent manner. mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2 were down-regulated by S100A4 siRNA. Conclusion S100A4 siRNA can inhibit the invasion of thyroid cancer cell through down-regulation of MMP-2.

Objective:To explore the breakthrough points of pharmaceutical care in the anti-infection treatment by clinical phar-macists. Methods:Using the pharmaceutical care carried out by clinical pharmacists in the treatment of infected patients as the exam-ple, the breakthrough points of pharmaceutical care in the anti-infection treatment by clinical pharmacists were discussed. Results:Clinical pharmacists should be in accordance with the specific clinical conditions to find out such breakthrough points of pharmaceutical care as judging the indications of antibacterial drugs use, assisting in the development of drug therapeutic regimens ( including the choice of species, dosage and solvent, the optimization of PK/PD parameters and the infusion speed) , paying close attention to bacteri-al culture, concerning on drug interactions, monitoring adverse drug reactions and efficacy, providing patient medication education and so on. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists can participate in anti-infection treatment and carry out individual pharmaceutical care to en-sure the safety and efficacy of drugs.

Objective To observe the effect of pigplacenta ins tead of Ziheche (P lacenta Hominis) for the treatment of senile dementia. Methods Seventy Kunming mice were divided into blank group, model group, pos itive control group, Zih eche low and high dosage groups, and pigplacenta low and high dosage grou ps, wi th 10 in each. The senile dementia models were established with the D-Galactose subcutaneous injection. The blank group was not administered any medicines. The model group was prescribed normal saline instead of the tested medicine; the pos itive control group was given Naofukang by gavage; the Zih eche low and high dosage groups were given 2g/kg and 4g/kg Ziheche respectivel y by gavage; while the pigplacenta low and high dosage groups were treated wi th p igplacenta 4g/kg and 8g/kg respectively by gavage. After treatment for 6 week s, the behavior experimental dark-avoiding test and step-down test were applied to test the effect of the medicines on the learning memory of mice, and acetylchol inesterase and monoamine levels in brain tissues. Results There was no s ignificant difference between the effect of pigplacenta and Ziheche in resi stin g senile dementia. In the latency of dark-avoiding test, the effect of high d osa ge of pigplacenta was significantly better than that of Ziheche (P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of pathogens and their antibiotic resistance in lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) from intensive care unit(ICU) in our hospital,and provide basis for rational selection of clinical drugs.METHODS Pathogens were detected from qualified sputum specimens in LRTI from ICU and identified by VITEK-AMS60 automatic microbial analyzing system.Drug susceptibility was determined by KB test.RESULTS From 320 sputum specimens 367 pathogens were detected between from Jan 2007 to Mar 2008,including 261 strains(71.1%) of Gram-negative bacilli,70 strains(19.1%) of fungi,and 36 strains(9.8%) of Gram-positive cocci.21.8% Of the isolated pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii,with 16.7% of drug-resistant rate to cefoperazone/sulbactam and over 71% to other 13 antibiotic agents.The rate of extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli isolates and Klebsiella pneumoniae ones were 65.2% and 72.0%,respectively,comparing to 84.6% for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens of LRTI in ICU,in which A.baumannii shows with a high rate of drug-resistance,followed by fungi,which should attract the clinician′s more attention.

Objective To study the effects of cripto on migration, invasion, and liver metastasis of colorectal cancer cell. Methods After human colorectal cancer cell line SW480 was transfected by cripto small interfering RNA (siRNA), the mRNA and protein level were determined by Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The migration and invasion ability were evaluated by wound-healing assay and boyden chamber model, respectively. Thirty nude mice model of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer was established by splenectomy. Results The siRNA could down-regulate the level of mRNA and protein of cripto in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Suppression of cripto expression could inhibit migration and invasion ability of human colorectal cancer cell in vitro. The metastastic rate and tumor nodules were lower in transfection with cripto siRNA than in two control groups in vivo. Conclusions Cripto gene might play an important role in regulation of liver metastasis from colorectal carcinoma cell, and suppression of cripto gene by siRNA can inhibit liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Objective To study the effects of midkine (MK) gene-targeting small interfering RNA (siRNA)on the invasion of melanoma cells.Methods Three MK gene-targeting siRNAs (S1,S2 and S3)were designed,constructed,and transfected into human A375 melanoma cells.Real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of MK gene and to screen the siRNA with best efficacy.Then,A375 cells were transfected with the optimal siRNA of various doses (3.125,6.25 and 12.5 nmol/L)followed by additional culture of various durations(24,48,72 hours).Some A375 cells remaining untreated served as the blank control group,and some transfected only with liposomes served as the vector control group.Reverse transcription (RT) -PCR and Western blot were conducted to detect the mRNA and protein expression of MK,respectively,MTT assay to observe the adhesion of A375 cells,and Boyden chamber was used to evaluate cell invasion.Results The expression of MK mRNA was downregulated by all the three siRNAs,especially by the siRNA S3,which was used in the following transfection experiment.Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the MK mRNA expression was reduced by the siRNA in a dose- (r24hours=-0.906,r4Bhours=-0.922,r72hours=-0.939,all P<0.01)and time-dependent(r3.125nmol/L=-0.889,r625nmol/L=-0.935,r125nmol/L=-0.928,all P<0.01)manner.MTT assay showed that the percentage of adhesing cells was 73.66%±2.25%,49.36%±2.16%and 28.35%±1.68%in A375 cells transfected with the siRNA of 3.125,6.25 and 12.5 nmol/L,respectively.The number of cells migrating across the chamber filter was 23.9±1.6,12.1±1.5,5.6±1.2 among A375 cells transfected with the siRNA of 3.125,6.25 and 12.5 nmol/L,respectively,significantly lower than that in the blank control group(36.8±1.5).The percentage of adhesing cells and number of migrating cells decreased with the dose of siRNA(r=-0.936,-0.915,P<0.01,0.05,respectively).Conclusions MK gene might play an important role in the adhesion and invasion of melanonla cells.To down-regulate the expression of MK gene by siRNA may suppress the adhesion and invasion of melanoma cells.