Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; cytology ; Drug Antagonism ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Pentylenetetrazole ; pharmacology ; Propofol ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Synaptic Transmission ; drug effects

0.05).Conclusions The ?2AR Gly16Gly genetic polymorphism was correlated with asthma severity and may be one of susceptibility genes in severe asthmatic children in Shanghai area.

The oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Recently, more and more research findings have demonstrated that hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) has the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in vivo and in vitro, and can be used to treat multiple diseases, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, stroke, neurodegeneration, sepsis, neuropathic pain and multiple organ dysfunction syn-drome diseases. This article reviews the possible mechanism of HRS for the treatment of diseases.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of infrabrow excision blepharoplasty combined with botulinum toxin A (BTXA) injection on periorbital rejuvenation.Methods A total of 146 females were involved in this study.The incision was designed,hiding at the lower edge of the brow.Eye orbicularis was folded,eyelid lift and some of the skin removed during operation,and simultaneously the shape of eyebrow was better adjusted.After suture cutting,BTXA was injected at the glabella and the lateral of canthus.Results All the 146 cases were followed up for 3 to 12 months.The blepharotosis symptom was improved effectively,the periocular wrinkles were alleviated obviously and no complications occurred in these patients.Conclusions Combining Infrabrow excision blepharoplasty with BTXA injection in periocular treatment is safe,convenient and effective.It is a good clinical approach to make periorbital rejuvenation.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of hydrogen (H2) on high glucose-induced poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) dependent cell death (PARthanatos) in primary rat Schwann cells. Methods Cultured primary rat Schwann cells were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (C group), H2 control group (H2 group), high osmotic control group (M group), high glucose treatment group (HG group), and H2 treatment group (HG+H2 group). The cells in H2 group and HG+H2 group were cultured with saturated hydrogen-rich medium containing 0.6 mmol/L of H2, and those in three control groups were cultured with low sugar DMEM medium containing 5.6 mmol/L of sugar, and the cells in HG and HG+H2 groups were given 44.4 mmol/L of glucose in addition (the medium containing 50 mmol/L of glucose), the cells in C group and H2 group were given the same volume of normal saline, and the cells in M group were given the same volume of mannitol. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release rate assays after treatment for 48 hours in each group. The contents of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) reflecting oxidative stress injury and DNA damage were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) protein expression was analyzed by Western Blot, and immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the nuclear translocation of the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Results The cytotoxicity in HG and HG+H2 groups was significantly increased as compared with that of C group [LDH release rate: (61.40±2.89)%, (42.80±2.32)% vs. (9.92±0.38)%, both P < 0.01], the levels of ONOO- and 8-OHdG were markedly elevated [ONOO- (ng/L): 853.58±51.00, 553.11±38.66 vs. 113.56±14.22; 8-OHdG (ng/L): 1 177.37±60.97, 732.06±54.29 vs. 419.67±28.77, all P < 0.01], and the PAR protein expression was up-regulated (A value: 0.603±0.028, 0.441±0.010 vs. 0.324±0.021, both P < 0.01). The cytotoxicity, the levels of ONOO- and 8-OHdG, and PAR expression in HG+H2 group were significantly lower than those of the HG group (all P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in above parameters between H2 group as well as M group and C group. It was shown by immunofluorescence that AIF was expressed in the cytoplasm in C group, H2 group and M group, AIF was expressed in the whole cell in HG group, and the expression in the nucleus was particularly increased. A small amount of AIF expression was found in the nucleus of HG+H2 group, which indicated that high glucose could promote the AIF nuclear translocation, and that hydrogen-rich medium could prevent the process of translocation. Conclusions High glucose levels could enhance DNA damage that enhance PARthanatos in primary rat Schwann cells. However, H2 can not only reduce DNA damage of injured cells, but also inhibit the special death process, reduce the cell toxicity, all of which have protective effects.

Objective To explore the effective measurements of integrated therapy for the ear keloids in the Oriental. Methods Surgical excision was performed for keloid, and the cut then sutured directly or with flap transfer. At early stage of surgery (within 24 hours), X-ray or electron-ray radiotherapy was used for 3-5 times once daily; and steroids injected after cutting lines at 7th day every two weeks and gradually ended. Results A total of 48 patients were treated, and followed, in which 12 patients were lost of follow-up. The total effective rate was 94. 4 % based on the data of follow-up in 36 patients for 1-3 years. Therefore, the curation rate was 83. 3 % (30 cases) and effective rate 11. 1 % (4 cases). Conclusions Surgical cutting combined with early radiotherapy and steroids injection is the effective integrated therapy for the ear keloids in the Oriental.

Objective To investigate the methods of rectifying the excessive width of fold line and conglutination of the upper eyelid following blepharoplasty. Methods The width of double eyelid was redesigned, ranging from 6 mm to 8 mm. Then the scar of upper eyelid was excised about 1 mm to 2 mm, and the orbital septum fat flap, orbicularis oculi flap, infraorbicularis oculi fat flap and injection of lipochondria were utilized to fill the depression of upper eyelid. Results In our series, there were 20 eyelids of 16 cases receiving rectification. Orbital septum fat flap was used to correct 2 eye-lids, orbicularis oculi flap 4 eyelids, infraorbicularis oculi fat flap 10 eyelids and injection of lipochon-dria 4 cases. Among 12 eases of following-up, 10 of them were satisfied with the postoperative effects. The results were acceptable in other 2 cases. Conclusion It is a good approach to correct the excessive width of fold line and conglutination of the upper eyelid with local flaps, including the orbital septum fat flap, orbicularis oculi flap, infraorbicularis oculi fat flap and injection of lipochondria.

BACKGROUND:A group of nuclease-like proteins were previously purified from Eisenia foetida tissues, exploring primary structures of these proteins wil help to uncover basic structure characteristics of them and provide foundations for the study addressing the relationship of their structures and functions.
OBJECTIVE:To explore primary structures of nuclease-like proteins EWD1 and EWD2.
METHODS:Edman degradation method was used to sequence the N-terminal amino acids of EWD1 and EWD2, acid hydrolisis method was used to analyze amino acid compositions of EWD1 and EWD2, LC-MS/MS was used to analyze some peptide sequences within the proteins, and MALDI-TOF-MS was used to calculate the number of the disulfide bonds and the contents of polysaccharides.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the amino acid compositions in EWD1 and EWD2, the sum contents of aspartate and asparagines were the highest (al nearly 10%), the contents of hydrophobic amino acids were also high, and the contents of cysteine was low. The EWD1 and EWD2 had similar amino acid compositions with other nucleases. Edman degradation results showed that, the N-terminal sequences of the large subunit of EWD1 were in turn as fol ows:D, E, W, V, Y, P;the N-terminal sequences of EWD2 were as fol ows:L, L, G, P, Y, K, P, K, C. The results of LC-MS/MS indicated the two proteins were novel proteins;MALDI-TOF-MS results showed that 8 cysteine residues formed 4 disulfide bonds in EWD1, 6 cysteine residues formed 3 disulfide bonds in EWD2. EWD1 and EWD2 were al glycoproteins, the content of polysaccharides was 17.3%in EWD1 and 15.6%in EWD2.

Objective To investigate the relationships between aspirin resistance (AR) and laboratory indexes and different types of traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods Two hundred and eight different types of TCM syndromes of patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted from January 2012 to November 2013 in the Neurology Department of Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital were divided into AR group and aspirin sensitive(AS)group according to the rate of AR. Simultaneously,28 healthy volunteers in the same period were assigned in a healthy control group. The changes of red blood cell volume distribution width coefficient of variation(RDW-CV),platelet count(PLT)and homocysteine(Hcy)levels were observed in the three groups. The correlation between different types of TCM syndromes and AR,PLT,RDW-CV,and Hcy was analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The total incidence of AR was 29.32%(61/208)in 208 patients with acute cerebral infarction. There were 165 cases with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,the incidence of AR being 26.06%(43/165);32 cases with wind phlegm obstructing channel syndrome,the incidence of AR, 43.75%(14/32);11 cases with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,the incidence of AR,36.36%(4/11);in the comparisons,the incidence rates of AR among the above types of syndromes had no statistical significant differences (P>0.05). Compared with the healthy control group,the levels of PLT,RDW-CV,Hcy in AR group and AS group of various types of TCM syndrome were increased,the PLT and RDW-CV levels in patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in AR group were more significantly elevated in the comparisons between AR and AS groups, there were statistical significant differences〔PLT (×109/L):212.16±66.48 vs. 187.54±56.85, RDW-CV:(14.34±3.16)% vs.(13.20±2.16)%,both P<0.05〕;the level of Hcy in patients with wind phlegm obstructing channel syndrome in AR group was increased more significantly than that in AS group,the difference between the two groups being statistically significant(μmol/L:27.29±18.64 vs. 21.36±14.61,P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed,increased PLT〔odds ratio(OR)=1.007 2,95%confidence interval(CI):1.001 2-1.013 2,P=0.018 5〕and RDW-CV〔OR=1.165 4,95%CI:1.007 9-1.347 4,P=0.038 8)was independence risk factor of AS development. Conclusion The elevation of RDW-CV,PLT,Hcy in level reflects the index of AR production, especially in patients with acute cerebral infarction accompanied by Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and wind phlegm obstructing channel syndrome.

With thousands of sequenced 16 S rRNA genes available,and advancements in oligonucleotide microarray technology,the detection of microorganisms in microbial communities consisting of hundreds of species may be possible.The existing algorithms developed for sequence-specific probe design are not suitable for applications in large-scale bacteria detection due to the lack of coverage,flexibility and efficiency.Many other strategies developed for group-specific probe design focus on how to find a unique group-specific probe that can specifically detect all target sequences of a group.Unique group-specific probe for each group can not always be found.Hence,it is necessary to design non-unique probes.Each probe can specifically detect target sequences of a different subgroup.Combination of multiple probes can achieve higher coverage.However,it is a time-consuming task to evaluate all possible combinations.A feasible algorithm using relative entropy and genetic algorithm (GA) to design group-specific non-unique probes was presented.