Objective:To study the change of immunological response and cell proliferation in breast tissues augmented by polyacrylamide hydrogel injection(PHI).Methods:The expression of CD68,CD25 and PCNA in 20 breast tissues with indurations,12 without indurations after breast augmentation by PHI,and 10 normal breast tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry P-V6000; analysis was also done by H-E staining.Results:Hyperplasia of fibrous tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells and macrophages were found in the breast and adjacent tissues 3-8 years after PHI.Positive cells of CD68,CD25 and PCNA hardly existed in the normal tissues,but the breast tissues around the polyacrylamide hydrogel had many positive cells of CD68 and PCNA,especially in cases with indurations;there were significant differences between the 3 groups(P

Panax notoginseng (PN) is one of the commonly used clinical medicines for cardiovascular diseases and possesses a variety of pharmacological effects. P. notoginseng saponins (PNS) are the most important bioactive components in PN. The purpose of this study was to explain the mechanism of PNS on molecular network level. 18 targets of the main medicinal ingredients of PNS were gained by virtual screening based on pharmacophores and data mining. A protein interaction network of PNS was constructed with 189 nodes and 721 interactions. By a graph theoretic clustering algorithm Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE), 14 modules were detected. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the modules demonstrated that the roles of PNS played in cardiovascular disease related to multiple biological processes, which could represent the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a whole to regulate the disease. The results showed that the blood circulation and hemostasis efficacy of PN related with the biological processes such as positive regulation of cAMP metabolic and biosynthetic process, platelet activation and regulation of blood vessel size, regulation of T cell proliferation and differentiation and so on. Therefore, the module-based network analysis will be an effective method for better understanding TCM.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Protein Interaction Maps ; drug effects ; Proteins ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have confirmed that tissue-engineered stem cel therapy is feasible to repair peripheral nerve injury, but the repair mechanism is unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the differentiation and homing of bone marrow mesechnymal stem cel s under local nerve microenvironment by exploring the migration and effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in the repair of damaged nerve.
METHODS:Male SD rats, aged 8 weeks, were selected to establish segmental nerve injury models by freezing the sciatic nerve. Thirty-six model rats were randomized into three groups (n=12):frozen nerve injury group, cel injection into the nerve group, cel injection around the nerve group. Before modeling and at 4, 8, 12 weeks after cel implantation, the sciatic nerve function index was measured. Electrophysiological test, contractility recovery rate, wet weight recovery rate of the triceps surae were detected and Masson staining was performed;toluidine blue staining of the distal nerve injury and immunofluorescence staining of the damaged nerve were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 4, 8, 12 weeks after cel implantation, the sciatic nerve function index was ranked as fol ows:frozen nerve injury group

Objective To determine the frequency of polymorphism at exon 26 (C3435T) of muhidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) in epileptic patients in the southern Chinese and to study the association of this polymorphism with pharmacoresistance.Methods DNA samples were obtained from 134 patients,of whom 72 were resistant to antiepileptic drug treatment and 62 were responsive to the treatment. Genotypes of the C3435T polymorphism were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion and gel electrophoresis.Genotype and allele frequencies in the drug resistant group were compared to those in the response group by Chi-square analysis.Results Of all 134 patients,33 (24.6%) had CC genotype,72 (53.7%) had CT genotype,and 29 (21.6%) had TT genotype.The frequency of CC genotype was significantly higher in the pharmaeoresistance group (33.3%) than that in the responsive group (14.5%,P=0.012).The frequency of the C allele was also significantly higher in the pharmacoresistance group (57.6%) than that in the responsive group (44.4%,P=0.03).When patients were divided by types of seizure into three groups:generalized seizure group,partial seizure group,and undefined seizure group,the CC genotype and C allele were associated with pharmacoresistance in the partial seizure group.Conclusions In the southern Chinese,the CC genotype and C allele are associated with resistance to the antiepileptic treatment.This finding needs to be verified in studies with larger sample size.

Objective To investigate the surrounding and central dosimetric distribution difference of the same activity, same number of 125I seeds. Methods 3D treatment planning system (3D-TPS) was used to separately sketch out 7 cubes with side length of 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3 cm, 3.5 cm, 4 cm, 4.5 cm and 5 cm;simulations of different tumor sizes were established, into which 125I seeds with activity of 0.5 mCi were respectively loaded. All seeds were distributed at the periphery of the tumor (peripheral group) with the prescribed dose of 145 Gy. The dose volume histogram (DVH) was printed and the 90% of target volume absorbed dose (D90), 90% of prescription dose coverage target volume percentage (V90), the maximum dose and mean dose were determined. Then the seeds in every cube were distributed into the center (central group) and the above parameters were calculated by using the same method. Results The mean D90 of the peripheral and central group was (147.29 ±0.58) Gy and (106.08 ±9.40) Gy respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=-4.292, P=0.005). The mean V90 of the peripheral and central group was (95.46±0.44)% and (79.07±4.19)% respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=-3.831, P=0.009). The mean maximum dose of the peripheral and central group was (1 224.65 ±12.7) Gy and (1 532.48 ±48.54) Gy respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=6.823, P=0.000). The mean value of average dose of the peripheral and central group was (192.14 ±2.89) Gy and (179.81 ±5.40) Gy respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=-2.847, P=0.029). Conclusion The dose distribution is directly influenced by the distribution pattern of the 125I seeds. When the number and activity of the 125I seeds are the same, the peripheral seeds implantation has a better dose distribution.

Objective To explore the dosimetric effects of the same number and activity of radioactive 125I seeds in different plane arrangements. Methods Simulated 9 distribution modes using 9 125I seeds were designed by three- dimensional treatment planning system (3D- TPS), and the isodose curves of 60 Gy, 80Gy, 130 Gy, 145 Gy and 200 Gy were obtained. The areas enclosed by the isodose curves, the longer and shorter radius of these isodose curves and the medical cost per unit area were calculated with the professional image analysis software. Results Obvious differences in areas enclosed by the isodose curves, the longer and shorter radius of these isodose curves and the medical cost per unit area existed between each other among the nine different distribution modes of 9 125I seeds. The distribution modes that had the maximum areas enclosed by 60 Gy, 80 Gy, 130 Gy, 145 Gy and 200 Gy isodose curves were x1.5y1.5, x1y1.5, x1y1, x1y1 and x0.5y1, respectively, with the corresponding areas of 1 583.86 mm2, 1 146.03 mm2, 768.30 mm2, 621.85 mm2 and 480.97 mm2, respectively. Conclusion The peripheral dose and the therapeutic efficacy are significantly influenced by the arrangement of 125I seeds when the same number and activity of the seeds are used. The dose distributions are more homogeneous when the maximum areas enclosed by the isodose curves are obtained.

Objective To analyze the stability of chromosome variant ratio of three available transformed corneal cell lines. Methods Chromosome specimens of transformed cells including human corneal epithelial cells(HCE),bovine corneal endothelial cells(BCE) and rabbit corneal epithelial cells(RCE) were prepared by a direct method using regular Giemsa staining. Chromosomes of cells in metaphase were counted under the microscope. Then, the variant ratio of chromosomes and their nuclear types were analyzed. Results The chromosome numbers were 56 to 65, 27 to 34 and 74 to 88 for HCE, BCE and RCE, respectively. Chromosome numbers in the three commonly used and transformed corneal cell lines were changed in comparison to their parent tissues. Conclusion Genotyping study may provide important information for using HCE、BCE、RCE in functional studies.

Objective To determine the activities of 131I for treating differentiated thyroid carcinoma with diffuse pulmonary metastases ( DTC-DPM ) from the perspective of internal radiation dosimetry.Methods According to Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) schema, the activity constraint,from which the whole bdy retention at 48 h should not exceed 2.96 GBq (2.96 GBq rule), was converted to dose-rate constraint(DRC) to lungs at 48 h ( DRCLU ·48 h ) in 131I therapy for DTC-DPM. Based on the assumption of DRCLU·48 h at 48 h in lung, the fractions of whole body activities ( F48 ), the effective half times of 131I in lungs ( TLL ) and the remainder of body ( TRB ) were 0.6-0.9, 20- 120 h, and 10- 20 h, respectively. The maximum safe activities of 131I for different human phantoms from the Organ Level Internal Dose Assessment (OLINDA) software were calculated. Results According to MIRD schema and 2.96 GBq rule, DRCLU ·48 h should not exceed 46.4 mGy/h in 131I therapy for DTC-DPM. Depending on varying F48 h,TLL and TRB, the maximum safe activities of 131I were 6.77-81.36, 5.29-56.20, 5.08-55.19 and 3.87-40. 52 GBq for the male adult, female adult, 15-year-old, and 10-year-old patients with DTC-DPM, respec tively. Conclusion Dosimetry-guided 131I therapy for DTC-DPM considers adequately the differences of 131I kinetics in individual patients and can adjust administered activities of 131I on the precondition of avoiding radiological pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair the internal environment of the testis in male azoospermia rats.

METHODSWe established azoospermia models in 22 six-week-old male SD rats by intraperitoneal injection of busulfan at 20 mg per kg body weight. We transplanted allogeneic rat BMSCs (rBMSCs) into the testicular seminiferous tubules of the model rats and, 30 days after transplantation, observed the composition and structure of the seminiferous tubular cells by HE staining and detected the expressions of CD44, CD106, and c-kit in the rBMSCs by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe number of epididymal sperm was significantly reduced in the model rats as compared with the normal controls (P < 0.01). CD44 and CD106, but not c-kit, were expressed in the isolated rBMSCs. At 30 days after transplantation of rBMSCs, lots of new cells were observed in the seminiferous tubules, some expressing CD106 and some expressing the germ cell surface marker c-kit.

CONCLUSIONBMSCs can transdifferentiate into germ cells and repair the damaged seminiferous tubules of sterile rats.

Animals ; Azoospermia ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Busulfan ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Epididymis ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminiferous Tubules ; anatomy & histology ; metabolism ; Spermatozoa ; Staining and Labeling ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of catecholamine hormone on the blood and brain of heroin addicts.

METHODSRats were divided into three groups and treated with the glucose (control group), the heroin (im) (heroin group), and the combination of the intramuscular injection of reserpine and heroin (reserpine group). Changes in the levels of the dopamine (DA), cAMP, and cGMP were detected by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method in the blood and brain tissue.

RESULTSNo significant withdrawal symptoms were observed in the reserpine group. Compared with the control and heroin groups, the blood cAMP levels were increased by 35.36% and 15.53% in the reserpine group, respectively; the cAMP levels in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus (Hipp) were increased by 24.08% & 8.53%, 15.66% & 8.13%, and 21.95% & 8.40%, respectively. While compared to the control and heroin groups, the DA levels of the PFC, Hipp, striatum, and nucleus accumbens (NAc) were significantly reduced in the reserpine group, decreasing by 74.09% & 82.86%, 81.06% & 82.23%, 91.62% & 86.55% and 84.35% & 90.63%, respectively. The concentrations of cGMP of the brain tissues in the reserpine group were lower than those in the control group. In addition, the neural electrophysiological testing showed that the electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and muscle spindle discharge diagram of rats in both the reserpine and heroin groups were apparently changed.

CONCLUSIONCatecholamine hormone plays an important role in heroin addiction.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Catecholamines ; physiology ; Cyclic AMP ; blood ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; blood ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; blood ; metabolism ; Heroin Dependence ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar