Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)is the main component of traditional Chinese medicine arsenic,which was initially used in the treatment of blood system diseases.In recent years,studies have found that it also has a good effect on a variety of solid tumors,especially gastric cancer.It has been confirmed that As2O3 can inhibit proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells,induce apoptosis and protective autophagy,inhibite lymphatic formation and angiogenesis,affect the expression of telomere-related proteins in gastric cancer cells.

Macrovascular complications are the main death or disabling causes of diabetic patients.In recent years,the results of a number of clinical trials aimed at preventing diabetic macrovascular complications have been unveiled.Comprehensive and systemic analysis of these results may give great enlightenment to the clinicans,as well as promote the work in preventing diabetic macroangiopathy in China.

Objective To explore the changes of the diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion and insulin resistance of the type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients with depression.Methods The 216 cases outpatient and inpatientof Department of Endocrinology of the Second People's Hospital Changshou, Clinical Psychology of City Mental Health Center of Changshou ,were divided into depression without T2DM group(D group,44 cases), T2DM without depression group(DM group, 124 cases) and the T2DM with depression group(DM-D group,48 cases).And 40 healthy people were from the medical center and as the normal control(NC) group.The levels of fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Fins, fasting C peptide (FC-P), rhythm in cortisol(Cor) secretion at 3 time points (8:00, 16:00,24:00) and plasma adrenocorticotropin(ACTH) were detected for studies.Results Compared with the D group, DM group and NC group, there were increases of FPG,HbA1c,insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in the DM-D group ((11.51 ±2.05) vs.(5.18 ±0.22), (9.47±3.46), (5.11±0.25) mmol/L;(10.28±2.12)％ vs.(5.36±0.34)％, (8.89±2.21)％, (5.53 ±0.32) ％;3.78± 1.08 vs.1.58 ± 0.21,2.70 ± 1.54, 1.14 ± 0.24).Plasma cortisol levels and ACTH levels at time points of 8:00,16:00 in the DM-D group were higher than the group D, DM group and NC group, while insulin sensitivity index(ISI) in the DM-D group was lower than the D group,DM group and NC group (-4.41 ±0.27 vs.-3.57±0.13,-3.92±0.60,-3.22±0.22) ,and the differences were significant (P＜0.05).The loss of normal diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion were significantly more often inDM-D group than in D group and in DM group(77.1％ vs.50.0％ ,47.6％ ,P＜0.05).The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that 8:00 Cor and ISI were the related factors for the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score(95％CI:2.355-3.867, -7.903-2.780,P＜0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that the level of 8:00 Cor was significant risk factor of the T2DM patients with depression(OR=3.024,95％CI: 1.613-5.668,P=0.002).Conclusion The T2DM patients with depression have higher plasma cortisol level, more abnormal rhythm of cortisol secretion and higher level of insulin resistance.The high level of plasma corfisol maybe significantly related to depression in T2DM patients.

Objective To explore the effect of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline on headshakes behavior and levels of monoamine neurotransmitter in model rats with Tourette syndrome.Methods 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into DOI-induced head-shakes rats (HSR group),haloperidol group,rhynchophylline group and isorhynchophylline group with 10 in each group.The inhibitory effects of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline were estimated by observing the HSR behavior.Dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) in the rat striatum were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.The 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression in prefrontal lobe cortex of the rats was measured by real-time PCR.Results Compared with HSR group,the head shakes of the rats in haloperidol group and isorhynchophylline group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and no change of head-shakes number was observed in rhynchophylline group (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference of head-shakes number between the haloperidol group and isorhynchophylline group(P＞0.05).Compared with HSR group,DA levels in the rat striatum were significantly decreased in isorhynchophylline group and haloperidol group((152.35± 5.80) μ~L vs (111.19±4.30) μg/L,(152.35±5.80) μg/L vs (126.42±3.17) μg/L,P＜0.01),while DA levels in the rat striatum in rhynchophylline group were not changed ((152.35±5.80) μg/L vs (142.71±5.51) μg/L,P＞0.05).There was no significant change of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression in rat prefrontal lobe cortex in every group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Isorhynchophylline may have an inhibitory effect on rats with DOI-induced HSR.Isorhynchophylline may decrease the DA levels in the rat stratum with DOI-induced HSR.Rhynchophylline has no significant inhibitory effect on head-shakes behavior and DA levels in the rat stratum with DOI-induced HSR.

ObjectiveTo evaluate prognostic factors and the surgical results of pulmonary carcinoid tumors.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 62 patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary carcinoid tumors between January 2000 and October 2010 at Department of Thoracic Surgery,Shanghai Chest Hospital.The following information was available for each of the 62 patients:age,sex,pathological type,and TNM stage.ResultsThere were no operative death.The 3-year and 5-year survival rates after surgery were 92.1％ and 77.8％,respectively.Of the 62 patients,42 were diagnosed as typical carcinoid tumor,and among them,4 patients (8.3％) had lymph node metastases.Their 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 97.8％ and 94.7％,respectively.The remaining 20 patients were diagnosed as atypical carcinoid tumor,and among them,6 patients (37.5％) had lymph node metastases.Their 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 84.4％ and 58.8％,which were statistically significant compared with typical carcinoid tumor( P =0.0047 ).There was significant difference in survival rate between the patients with lymph node metastases and the patients without lymph node metastases (P =0.0048).CondusionThe main risk factors affecting survival rate of those patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary carcinoid tumors were pathological types and lymph node metastases.

BACKGROUND: To search for an alloxenogeneic bone with good load bearing function and osteoblastic activity for treating bone defects is an important study issue. We have made a comparative study on its biome chanical characteristics and found that there was no significant difference in maximum load stress, maximum pressure as compared with fresh bone of the same size. Clinicians are concerned about the osteoblastic activity and whether the osteoblastic activity can be reserved after human allogenous a cellular bone (HAB) loaded with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the experimental effect of HAB loaded with induced BMSCs, and observe the cellular adherence and growth as well as detect its osteoblastic activity. DESIGN: Single sample experiment. SETTING: Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at the Experimental Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between January 2003 and August 2004. HAB was obtained from fresh corpse iliac bones (donated voluntarily). METHODS: Connective tissues and cell compounds of the iliac bones were removed by processing with hydroperoxide andether solution and sterilized for preparing HAB. BMSCs from living femoral shaft bone marrow were cultured immediately in ordinary and mineralized medium containing DMEM, fetal bovine serum, dexomethasone, β-glycerophophate and ascor bic acid. Proliferation and differentiation of bone stromal cells were deter mined by detecting the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) in the culture medium. Induced bone stromal cells solution was condensed and implanted within HAB scaffold. Cellular osteoblastic activ ity was determined through morphological observation under the light mi croscope and electron microscope as well as biochemical index detection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Detection results of ALP and OCN of BMSCs/HAB composite. ② Histological observation results of BMSCs/ HAB composite. RESULTS: ① Iliac bone block cells were cleaned with good reservation of bone matrix. ② The level of ALP and OCN of MSCs was higher after in ducing for 8 days than that in control group [MSCs after induction: (181.54±40.01) nkat/L, (7.2±1.3) μg/L. There was no method to detect the level in control group, P ＜ 0.05]. ③ BMSCs were adhered and grew well in HAB scaffold. CONCLUSION: HAB loaded with induced BMSCs has an excellent os teogenic function in vitro and shows an effective potential as a good bone tissue engineering material.

BACKGROUND: When the dynamic equilibrium between oxidation system and anti-oxidation system in the body is upset, the overly produced active oxygen-derived free radicals will attack the target organs, thus resulting in the damage to organs and big molecules, and then diseases. Total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity are the majorindexes for the defense system of the body, and their status is closely related to diseases. OBJECTIVE:To explore the level of T-AOC, SOD and NOS in serum,and find out its relationship with lifestyle. DESIGN:Single sample investigation. SETTING:Department of Health Laboratory Technology, College of Public Health of Harbin Medical University. PARTICIPANTS:Totally 531 residents of Bin County aged 20 to 70years were recruited between September 2000 and May2001. MATERIALS:The reagents kits of T-AOC, SOD and NOS were manufactured by Nanjing Jiancheng Bio-engineering Institute. METHODS:The investigators surveyed the residents with the same questionnaire. Questionnaire was made and the investigators were trained in advance. The questionnaire was filled in item by item as required. Questionnaire items consisted of the general situation, financial status, dietary habit, hobby, status of health care, and mental factor. Finally 95 investigation indexes were completed. The activity of serum T-AOC, SOD and NOS of the 531 residents in Bin County was determined, respectively, with reagent kits produced by Nanjing Jiancheng Bio-engineering Institute. The lifestyle factors were analyzed by multivariate stepwise regression analysis,and informed consent was obtained from the participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURFS:① Serum T-AOC, SOD and NOS in the participants; ② lifestyle factors affecting T-AOC, SOD and NOS.RFSULTS:According to actual analysis, the 531 participants entered the results analysis. T-AOC was measured in 489 participants, SOD in 525participants, and NOS in 531 participants. ① Indexes of the participants:T-AOC of the males was obviously higher than that of the females [(20.01±7.21), (15.25±6.22) kU/L, P ＜ 0.05]. SOD of the males was slightly lower than that of the females while NOS of the males was slightly higher than that of the females, but there was no significant difference. ②Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that risk factors related to T-AOC were gender difference (OR=2.188), educational level (OR=1.859),and the presence of rheumatism, respectively (OR =1.142). SOD-related risk factors were educational level (OR=1.584), years of spirit drinking (OR =1.048), presence of nephritis (OR=1.093), and irradiation (OR=1.770);frequency of tea drinking was a beneficial factor (OR=0.800). NOS-related risk factors were the average amount of cigarette smoking (OR=1.194) and the times of weekly spirit drinking (OR=1.368). However, the beneficial factor that affected serum NOS was the frequency of weekly mutton eating (OR=0.458) CONCLUSION:This experiment revealed that the ability to clean free radical in the 531 subjects was good and that it was better in males than in females. The increased educational level and presence of rheumatism can decrease T-AOC. Drinking, smoking and irradiation decrease SOD activity while the frequency of tea drinking and mutton eating are beneficial factors.

Objective To explore the risk factors and targeted therapy for fungus infection in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pulmonary.Methods 83 acute exacerbations of COPD patients with pulmonary fungus infection were selected as the observation object(COPD fungal infection group),according to the time sequence of random month by month in acute exacerbations of COPD no secondary fungal infection of the 80 patients hospitalized patients as control group,analysis of risk factors lead to fungal infection.Results Two groups in age,live ICU time,antibiotic use time,hormone use time,albumin level mechanical ventilation people with diabetes mellitus,merger,as cor pulmonale had statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05) ; The conditional Logistic multiariate analysis,age,ICU patients live time,antibiotics use time,hormone use time,albumin level was acute exacerbations of COPD factors such as pulmonary fungus infection independent risk factors(P ＜0.01) ;Fungus infection were combined with antimycotic,cured 69 cases (83.13％) improved 12 cases (14.46％),there was no change in 1 case(1.20％),death 1 case (1.20％).Conclusion Patients older age,live long,long time ICU antibiotics and hormones and the low level of albumin is acute exacerbations of COPD pulmonary fungus infection independent risk factors,timely diagnosis and prognosis of patients with antifungal treatment is good.

Objective To indicate the restriction profiles of pbps in Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae), and relationship between pbps profiles and the penicillin MIC.Methods The E-test MIC method was used to determinate penicillin susceptibility of 132 S.pneumoniae strains consisting of 69 penicillin susceptible S.pneumoniae (PSSP) strains and 63 nonsusceptible S.pneumoniae (PNSP) strains. Furthermore, we compared these strains by detecting restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the PBPs genes pbp1a, pbp2b and pbp2x.Results The RFLP results showed that 9 genotypes were founded for pbp1a, in which 2 were detected from PSSP and some PNSP strains. The other 7 ones were founded mainly in the PNSP with penicillin MIC≥0.25 ?g/ml. Ten genotypes were founded for pbp2b, in which 3 were detected from PSSP and some PNSP strains. The other 7 ones, similar with pbp1a, were founded mainly in the PNSP with penicillin MIC≥0.25 ?g/ml. Thirty-one restrictive patterns were founded for pbp2x. Seventeen patternss from them were detected in PSSP, and 13 ones were founded only in PSSP. The other 14 patterns all were covered PNSP strains. A total of 47 patterns were found according to the three pbps types. Twenty-three patterns from them were detected in PSSP, and 17 ones were founded only in PSSP. The other 24 patterns all were detected in PNSP.Conclusions Results of the study are consistent with the concept that mutations in PBP1a, PBP2b and PBP2x play an important role in the development of resistance to ?-lactam antibiotics by S.pneumoniae. In the meantime, the profiles of pbps can predict penicillin susceptibility.

Objective To study the clinical and X-ray findings of primary reticulocytic sarcoma of bone in order to improve its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Methods X-ray representations of primary reticulocytic sarcoma of bone in 11 cases proved by operations and pathologies in combination with clinical manifestations were analyzed.Results The tumors located in tubular bone were 5 cases(45%),in vertebra,in costa and pelvis were 2 cases respectively.The main X-ray sign was osteolytic lesion.The soft tissue masses were seen in 7 cases and pathologic fracture in 1 case,only 2 cases appeared lightly periosteal reaction.Conclusion When the osteolytic lesions in company with soft tissue mass are showed on X-ray films,but the clinical symptoms of the disease are not as serious as those of other malignant bone tumors,the bone reticulocytic sarcoma should be considered,and the final diagnosis of the disease desponds on pathologic result.