Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Postoperative Period

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma(SNIP) treated by endoscopic or endoscope assisted surgery, in order to analyze its probable prognostic factors and the optimized method.METHODSThe clinical data of 27 cases with malignant transformation of SNIP treated by endoscopic or endoscope assisted surgery from September 2001 to September 2010 were reviewed. According to preoperative imaging examination and UICC staging criteria, 3 cases were T1, 8 cases were T2, 12 cases were T3 and 4 cases were T4. 16 of them received radiotherapy after endoscopic surgery while the other 11 received surgery alone. RESULTSAll cases were confirmed as squamous cell carcinoma pathologically after surgery. The 5-year overall survival rate was 77.8% for all the patients. The 5-year survival rate was 75.0% for surgery alone group, of which 5 cases recurred locally after operation. The 5-year survival rate was 81.8% for surgery combined with radiotherapy group, of which 5 cases recurred locally and 2 cases died from intracranial metastasis.CONCLUSIONEndoscopic or endoscope assisted surgery can be used in the management of malignant transformation of SNIP to improve the quality of life, with the preponderances of desired effect and less complication. Application of radiotherapy after surgery could improve long-term survival rate of the patients.

Objective To investigate the early influences of laser photocoagulation on macular retinal thickness in diabetic retinopathy(DR). Methods Optic coherence tomography examination was performed in 30 eyes with DR(phase Ⅲ~Ⅳ) before, and on the 3rd day and the 7th day after photocoagulation respectively. The thickness of neuroretina and pigment epithelium were measured in the areas of fovea macula and 750 ?m from fovea macula. Results Three days after photocoagulation, significant thickening of neuroretina was observed in the fovea macula, which is positively related with age, fasting blood sugar and duration of DR. There was no significant changes in the thickness of pigment epithelium in macula and in the thickness of neuroretina 750 ?m from fovea macula. Conclusion Significant thickening of neuroretina in fovea macula in DR early after photocoagulation reveals progressed macular edema induced by photocoagulation which is positively related with age, fasting blood sugar and duration of DR.

AIM:To find an efficient and simple surgical procedure of the external dacryocystorhinostomy ( EXT- DCR) in the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.
METHODS:A total of 270 cases were performed in this retrospective study. A comparison of clinical effects and hemorrhage complications between the experimental group, in which 189 eyes of 167 patients that underwent traditional EXT-DCR without packing, and the control group, in which 121 eyes of 103 patients that underwent traditional EXT-DCR with Vaseline gauze were performed. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 to 36mo ( the mean follow-up was 15±3. 6mo).
RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the curative rates between the two groups (97. 9% vs 97. 5%, P>0. 05). But the incidence rate of moderate or severe postoperative nasal bleeding was lower in the experimental group (15. 9%, 30 eyes) than the control group (31. 4%, 38 eyes) and P<0. 01.
CONLUSION: The traditional EXT - DCR without packingis an effective procedure and is more effective in reducing moderate or severe postoperative bleeding when the intraoperative anastomose and the postoperative drainage are well done and the intraoperative bleeding is well controlled.

OBJECTIVE In order to study the effect of inhalable particles on evocation of allergic rhinitis in rats and its possible mechanism. METHODS The experimental group rats were basically allergized with OVA from intraperitoneal injection. Three groups were provoked by OVA alone, PM10 plus OVA and PM10 alone through nasal cavity respectively. The Control Group was allergized by NS instead of OVA, while the method of provocation was the same as experimental group. Then, the rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the last provocation. The morphological changes of the rats' nasal mucosa were observed by scanning electron microscope and hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The number of the eosinophile of the rats' nasal mucosa was counted under HE staining. RESULTS The amount of eosinophile in the three experimental groups was significantly different from that in NS group, and there was also a significant difference among three experimental groups. The amount of eosinophile in PM10 plus OVA group was obviously higher than that in other groups. Observed by scanning electron microscope, the cilia of the epithelium of the three experimental groups were significantly reduced, fallen off, fallen down, got enlaced, and adhered by secretion. CONCLUSION In the period of provoking, the inhalable particles may play a synergic role with allergen, and it can aggregate the rats' nasal mucosa injury and the allergic inflammation.

We present a rare case report of foreign body of the nasal apex in a 22-year man who were hospitalized because of a bit of metal rebounded. There was slight bleeding at wound site with a feeling of pain and swelling. On physical examination, the apex lied in the median position with a bleeding cut about 3 millimeter in length. There was no visible stump on the cut or rupture in the nasal vestibular. Computed tomographic scan showed the abnormal high-density shadow in the nasal apex while the foreign body was located in the subcutaneous tissue of the antero-upper part of septal cartilage. The admitting diagnosis was foreign body in nasal apex. Endoscopic surgery was adopted to remove the foreign body.
Endoscopy ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metals ; Nasal Cartilages ; pathology ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Pain ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatments of patients with malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), and to explore the factors influencing the prognosis of malignant SNIP. METHOD: To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 35 patients with malignant SNIP. The prognosis affected by age, gender, pathogenetic locations, pathology, clinical stages and treatments were analysed using Kaplan Meier, Log rank and Cox method. RESULT: In our research, 5 years survival rate was 68.6% in malignant SNIP. There were 3 factors effecting the 5 years survival rate of malignant SNIP: clinical staging, histopathological features and treatments while gender, age, disease location, and percentage of the malignant cell in the entire tumor tissue had no effect on overall survival rate. Clinical staging and treatment were the independent factors that influenced the prognosis of malignant SNIP (P value was 0.019 and 0.006). CONCLUSION Risk factors that independently influence the survival of patients with malignant SNIP were the clinical staging and treatment. The degree of histo pathological features can be the secondary indicator to judge the prognosis of malignant SNIP. Endoscopic surgery or comprehensive therapy performed on patients properly is therapeutically effective.
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nose Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Evidence-based medicine was applied in the clinic teaching and ward inspection of superficial bladder cancer as far as no consensus was reached on its treatment.Some preferred to total cystectomy while others favored transurethral resection of bladder tumor and bladder instillation.In order to solve this problem,evidence-based medicine was applied in our clinic teaching procedure.Students were asked to read relative papers and draw the final conclusions with evidence-based medicine.Clinical guidance was provided for the students to promote clinical application.

Current reform of higher medical education focuses on curriculum integration and corresponding reconstruction of teaching system. Chongqing Medical University has carried out the reform of medical personnel training mode from basic to clinical, which has achieved certain results. Three aspects including teaching content, teaching methods and appraisal system of the urogenital system curriculum integration are introduced in the paper. In the teaching content, the parts related to urogenital system in basic subjects and clinical subjects are extracted and integrated. In the process of teaching implementation, a teaching team is set up across departments and multidisciplinary joint teaching is carried out. In order to arouse the enthusiasm of students, inspire and cultivate students' scientific research thinking by improving teaching methods, several teaching methods such as case introduction teaching method, question discussion and debate meeting are used. Scientific evaluation system is used to observe and record the whole process of students' learning. Meanwhile, some existing problems and solutions of curriculum integration are discussed in the paper to provide references for peers in relevant colleges and universities.

Cell Line ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Transfection