Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Endoscopy ; methods ; rehabilitation ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinusitis ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Young Adult

AIMTo determine calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, astragaloside IV and formononetin in Radix Astragali and other relative samples by HPLC-MS.

METHODSHPLC was carried out with Agilent 1100LC/MSD, equipped with Agilent Zorbax SB C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 microm) and mass spectrum detector. The mobile phase (CH3CN-H2O) was eluted in gradient mode.

RESULTSThe calibration curves of calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, astragaloside IV and formononetin were linear in the range of 0.03 - 1.21 microg x mL(-1), 0.35 - 13.86 microg x mL(-1) and 0.38 - 15.22 microg x mL(-1), respectively. These recoveries of samples were from 95% to 105% with RSD less than 1.5%.

CONCLUSIONThe method was employed to analyse 25 samples of Radix Astragali and other relative samples, including Radix Astragali slice, Radix Astragali Preparata, Hedysarum polybotrys Hand. -Mazz, Astragalus ernestii Comb. The contents of three constituents vary greatly because of the species, place of collection and season of harvesting. This method could apply to evaluate the quality of Radix Astragali and it is simple, sensitive and reliable.

Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Ecosystem ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Saponins ; analysis ; Seasons ; Species Specificity ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Triterpenes ; analysis

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this retrospective investigation was to explore the influence of femoral osteoporosis on short-term curative effects of cementless hip arthroplasty and to evaluate the femoral metaphyseal bone mineral density (BMD) for femoral osteoporosis in order to guide prosthesis choice and rehabilitation.

METHODSWe performed 127 total arthroplasty operations between June 1999 to February 2003 and investigated 49 cementless hip replacements with the Metalcancellous cementless Lubeck II system being used in all hips. There were twenty men and twenty-nine women whose mean age at the time of the operation was 60 years (range, 52~81 years). The patients were divided into osteoporosis or normal groups according to the femoral metaphyseal BMD measured preoperatively. The average duration of follow-up was 30 months (range, 8~52 months). We evaluated all of the patients from a clinical standpoint with use of a standard-terminology questionnaire with respect to the short-term curative effects and patients' satisfaction. Hip pain status and functional ability were important indicators of treatment efficacy.

RESULTSHarris hip score and patients' satisfaction in femoral osteoporosis patients who underwent noncemented hip arthroplasty were lower (P=0.004, P=0.03) while the incidence of thigh pain was higher (P=0.03) than the patients with non-osteoporosis.

CONCLUSIONThe higher incidence of pain, as well as the decrease in function experienced by the patients in osteoporosis group, supports the case that cementless arthroplasty is not a better choice for those patients and that we had better select prosthesis based on the femoral metaphyseal BMD.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; adverse effects ; methods ; Bone Cements ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femur ; metabolism ; surgery ; Femur Head Necrosis ; metabolism ; surgery ; Hip Fractures ; metabolism ; surgery ; Hip Prosthesis ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; metabolism ; surgery ; Osteoporosis ; metabolism ; surgery ; Pain ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To understand the awareness status of diabetic nephropathy( DN)and its influence factors among diabetes patients. Methods A total of 1236 cases of diabetes were investigated on the awareness of DN and Logistic regression was used to analyze its influence factors. Results The awareness rate of DN was 77. 67% and its influence factors were age,education level,monthly household income and available diabetic health education( OR=1. 15,1. 80, 1. 41and 0. 98 respectively,all P< 0. 05). Moreover,the awareness status of DN prevention was at a low level. Among the 9 methods to prevent DN,only had 4 methods the awareness rate of which was over 80%. Conclusion Health education on DN control and prevention among diabetes patients should be emphasized.

0.05).The cubitus varus incidence evaluation was done by follow-up study,2 cases were in operation group and 8 cases in non-operation group,there was a significant difference between the 2 groups(P

0.05).But in Bikini cut group,there was no intraoperative lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury,and operation cut was so hidden and so parents were willing to accept the operation.If it was hecessary to carry out femur rotation osteotomy and internal fixation of femur,the steel plate accords with the principle of tension band,so the fixation could be stable and the fracture can easily heal up.Conclusions In the treatment of DDH,Salter pelvic osteotomy through Bikini cut has exact clinical efficacy comparing with S-P cut,and its operation cut is safe,hidden,and there is rare injury to joint function after operation.

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a key member of Filoviridae family and causes severe human infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality. As a typical negative-sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) viruses, EBOV possess a nucleocapsid protein (NP) to facilitate genomic RNA encapsidation to form viral ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP) together with genome RNA and polymerase, which plays the most essential role in virus proliferation cycle. However, the mechanism of EBOV RNP formation remains unclear. In this work, we solved the high resolution structure of core domain of EBOV NP. The polypeptide of EBOV NP core domain (NP(core)) possesses an N-lobe and C-lobe to clamp a RNA binding groove, presenting similarities with the structures of the other reported viral NPs encoded by the members from Mononegavirales order. Most strikingly, a hydrophobic pocket at the surface of the C-lobe is occupied by an α-helix of EBOV NP(core) itself, which is highly conserved among filoviridae family. Combined with other biochemical and biophysical evidences, our results provides great potential for understanding the mechanism underlying EBOV RNP formation via the mobility of EBOV NP element and enables the development of antiviral therapies targeting EBOV RNP formation.
Crystallography, X-Ray ; Ebolavirus ; physiology ; Humans ; Nucleoproteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Virus Assembly ; physiology

Current in vitro assays for the activity of HIV-RT (reverse transcriptase) require radio-labeled or chemically modified nucleotides to detect reaction products. However, these assays are inherently end-point measurements and labor intensive. Here we describe a novel non-radioactive assay based on the principle of pyrosequencing coupled-enzyme system to monitor the activity of HIV-RT by indirectly measuring the release of pyrophosphate (PP(i)), which is generated during nascent strand synthesis. The results show that our assay could monitor HIV-RT activity with high sensitivity and is suitable for rapid high-throughput drug screening targeting anti-HIV therapies due to its high speed and convenience. Moreover, this assay can be used to measure primase activity in an easy and sensitive manner, which suggests that this novel approach could be wildly used to analyze the activity of PP(i)-generated and ATP-free enzyme reactions.
Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Colorimetry ; Diphosphates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; HIV ; drug effects ; enzymology ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Nevirapine ; pharmacology ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Thymine Nucleotides ; metabolism

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), a member of the Phlebovirus genus from the Bunyaviridae family endemic to China, is the causative agent of life-threatening severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), which features high fever and hemorrhage. Similar to other negative-sense RNA viruses, SFTSV encodes a nucleocapsid protein (NP) that is essential for viral replication. NP facilitates viral RNA encapsidation and is responsible for the formation of ribonucleoprotein complex. However, recent studies have indicated that NP from Phlebovirus members behaves in inhomogeneous oligomerization states. In the present study, we report the crystal structure of SFTSV NP at 2.8 Å resolution and demonstrate the mechanism by which it processes a ringshaped hexameric form to accomplish RNA encapsidation. Key residues essential for oligomerization are identified through mutational analysis and identified to have a significant impact on RNA binding, which suggests that correct formation of highly ordered oligomers is a critical step in RNA encapsidation. The findings of this work provide new insights into the discovery of new antiviral reagents for Phlebovirus infection.
Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Mutation ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phlebovirus ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; RNA, Viral ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of geniposide,chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,B and C in Qinggan Lidan mixture,in order to provide references for its quality control. Method: The analysis of methanol extract of this drug was performed on a 35℃ Luna C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),with the mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL·min^-1 in a gradient elution mode (0-10 min,8%-12%A;10-30 min,12%A;30-60 min,12%-35%A),and the detection wavelengths were set at 238 and 327 nm. Result:Geniposide,chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,B and C were completely separated,and well separated from other constituents. The linear ranges of geniposide,chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,B and C were 0.188-2.355,0.083-1.040,0.074-0.920,0.075-0.940,0.064-0.800,0.076-0.955,0.071-0.888 μg (r ≥ 0.999 0),respectively. The average recoveries were 99.45%,98.45%,99.06%,98.50%,98.16%,101.01%,96.93%,with the RSDs of 0.5%,1.8%,1.3%,2.4%,2.3%,1.6%,1.6%,respectively.The contents of geniposide,chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,B and C were 3.420-3.794,0.835-0.890,1.222-1.275,1.064-1.210,0.377-0.398,0.419-0.464 and 0.362-0.405 g·L^-1,respectively. Conclusion:This method can be used for simultaneous determination of muti-ingredients in Qinggan Lidan mixture,and the established method is simple and accurate,with a good reproducibility and high sensitivity. It can be used for the quality control of Qinggan Lidan mixture.