OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects between close reduction and plaster slab fixation combined with plaster external traction and operation for the treatment of pediatric closed Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures without neurovascular injury complications.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to June 2012, 151 children with closed Gartland III supracondylar humerus fractures were retrospectively studied and divided into two groups, including 87 boys and 64 girls, ranging in age from 1 to 12 years old with an average of 5.3 years old. Among them, 76 children (conservative group) were treated with close reduction and plaster slab fixation combined with plaster external traction; 75 children (operation group) underwent surgical operation. The time of elbow joint function exercise, the healing time of fracture, the function recovery of elbow joint and carrying angle was recorded and analyzed. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by the Flynn criteria system.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months (18.3 months on average). The average time of fracture healing and elbow joint functional exercise of the conservative group was shorter than those of operation group (P < 0.001). Motion range of the elbows and carrying angle of two groups were no statistical difference (P > 0.05). According to Flynn criteria system, in conservative group, the result was excellent in 31 cases, good in 35, fair in 7, and poor in 3; in operation group, 27 in excellent, 30 in good, 17 in fair and 1 in poor; there was no significant difference between two groups in therapeutic effects (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONClose reduction and plaster slab fixation combined with plaster external traction in treatment of pediatric closed Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures without neurovascular injury complications,which has similar effect to surgical treatment, and the time of fracture healing and elbow joint function exercise are significantly shorter.

Case-Control Studies ; Casts, Surgical ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Traction ; methods

Objective To determine the normal range of minimal erythema dose (MED) for ultraviolet A (UVA) and B (UVB) in volunteers from Urumqi region.Methods One hundred and twenty-seven volunteers including healthy subjects and patients with noninflammatory skin disorders were enrolled in this study.SUV-1000 type UV simulator was used as the light source to determine MED of UVA and UVB in these subjects.Results These subjects included 48 persons with Fitzpatrick skin type Ⅲ,79 with Fitzpatrick skin type Ⅳ,51 males and 76 females.The median MED value for UVA and UVB was 38.1 J/cm2 and 31.8 mJ/cm2 respectively in subjects with skin type Ⅲ,59.16 J/cm2 and 48.00 mJ/cm2 respectively in subjects with skin type Ⅳ.Significantly lower median MED values of UVA (both P ＜ 0.01) and UVB (both P ＜ 0.05) were observed in the male and female subjects with skin type Ⅲ compared with those with skin type Ⅳ.The male subjects showed a significantly higher median UVA-MED value (59.16 J/cm2 vs.41.10 J/cm2,P ＜ 0.05),but a similar UVB-MED value (39.60 mJ/cm2 vs.35.55 mJ/cm2,P ＞ 0.05) compared with the female subjects.No significant difference was observed in the median value of UVA-or UVB-MED in subjects with skin type Ⅲ or Ⅳ between Han and Uygur nationality (all P ＞ 0.05).Also,no correlation was found in the median value of UVA-or UVB-MED with age or duration of outdoor exposure in the male or female subjects (all P ＞ 0.05).The lower reference limit was 33.38 J/cm2 for UVA-MED and 27.90 mJ/cm2 for UVB-MED in the population in Urumqi region.Conclusion Skin phototype may be an important determinant of MED.

Objective To determine the influence of intense pulsed light (IPL) on the secretion of TGF-β1 in cultured human fibroblasts and the intervention of JNK inhibitor.Methods The callan foreskin fibroblasts were cultured and divided into 2 groups. In the IPL treatment group, cells were irradiated with IPL with fluences of0 (negative control), 10, 18, 27, 36, and 36 J/cm2 × 2 (irradiated with IPL with fluences of 36 J/cm2 twice). In the IPL + inhibitor group, cells were irradiated with IPL with fluences of 36 J/cm2 after incubation with the inhibitor SP600125 for 2 h. TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant was evaluated 48 h after the irradiation using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the negative control, TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant decreased at the IPL irradiation of 10, 18, 27, and 36 J / cm2, whereas TGF-β1 increased at the IPL irradiation of 36 J/cm2× 2. In the IPL + inhibitor group, the concentration of TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant decreased compared with the controls (P<0.05). Conclusion IPL can suppress the secretion of TGF-β1 at the lower fluence and promote the secretion at a higher fluence. JNK inhibitor may play an inhibitive role when IPL regulates the TGF-β1 secretion in cultured human fibroblasts. IPL may stimulate TGF-β1 secretion of the fibroblast cells in human skin via JNK signal pathway.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Huangqi decoction (HQD) on phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage of mice.

METHODOne hundred Kunming mice, whose weight varied from 18 g to 22 g, were selected and divided into 10 groups randomly in eluding contrast group, groups conducted at different doses of HQD by ig, groups conducted in various ways of taking medicine, and groups conducted with comparative treat combining Huangqi and Dexamethasone. Mice in every group were taken medicine one time daily for 6 days.

RESULTAmong the groups treated at different doses of HQD, phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of mice, which were taken HQD by ig at high, middle, and low doses, were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of mice in contrast group, at the same time the effect in group with high dose was the best. Among the groups treated in various ways of taking medicine, phagocytic rate of the ip group was significantly better (P < 0.01) than that of the sc group and that of the ig group respectively, but there was not significant difference (P > 0.05) of phagocytic index among them. Among the groups combining Huangqi and Dexamethasone, Huangqi could antagonize the immunosuppressive effect of Dexamethasone obviously (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHQD at different doses and with various ways of taking medicine could improve phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage of mice at different degree, and could antagonize the immunosuppressive effect of Dexamethasone.

Animals ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Dexamethasone ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Female ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the analgesic effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in mice with spared nerve injury (SNI).

METHODIL-2 was intraperitoneally injected in mice with induced SNI, and von Frey Filaments test and cold plate test were carried out to accesses the analgesic effects of IL-2 and the effect of naloxone in antagonizing the effects of IL-2.

RESULTSIL-2 produced analgesic effects against hyperalgesia and allodynia in mouse models of SNI, and the effect of IL-2 lasted for more than 24 h, showing a double-peak pattern in its action with the two peaks occurring at 30 and 105 min, respectively. The effect of IL-2 could be significantly antagonized by naloxone.

CONCLUSIONSIL-2 has long-lasting analgesic effects in mouse models of SNI model, showing a double-peak pattern of its action. The analgesic effect of IL-2 is probably mediated by opiate receptor.

Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Hyperalgesia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-2 ; administration & dosage ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Naloxone ; pharmacology ; Trauma, Nervous System ; complications ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo develop and investigate GLL-37, a substitution analogue of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 with anti-enzymatic degradation activity and improved efficacy.

METHODSThe bactericidal activities of LL-37 and newly developed GLL-37 against 6 Gram-negative and -positive bacteria were determined by Broth microdilution assays. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of LL-37 and GLL-37 against E.coli ATCC 25922 in different NaCl concentration medium were also detected. Both peptides were co-incubated with elastase, and then analyzed by PAGE electrophoresis and bactericidal activity determination.

RESULTGLL-37 showed a stronger elastase resistance ability than LL-37, and was significantly more effective than LL-37 under high-salt condition.

CONCLUSIONThe antimicrobial peptide GLL-37 derived form LL-37 has the potential as a new therapeutic agent for bacterial infections.

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Blood Bactericidal Activity ; drug effects ; Cathelicidins ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; drug effects ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; Pseudomonas Infections ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutical effects of crossing anastomosis of nerve on the peripheral and central nerve injuries.

METHODSTwelve kinds of central and peripheral nerve disorders and their complications were treated with 11 kinds of crossing anastomosis of nerve bundles near the innervated organs. After nerve injury and repair, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing studies were used to investigate the rabbit's nerve function and morphology.

RESULTSThe ulcers of all patients healed. Sensation, voluntary movement, and joint function recovered. Four weeks after the anastomosis of distal stump of radialis superficialis nerve and median nerve, pain sensation regained and SEPs appeared. HRP retrograde tracing studies demonstrated sensory nerve ending of medial nerve formed new connection with the body of neuron.

CONCLUSIONCrossing anastomosis of nerve is an effective method to treat peripheral and central nerve injuries.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Animals ; Central Nervous System ; injuries ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves ; surgery ; Rabbits ; Trauma, Nervous System ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the status of Th1/Th2 immune response and the value of the detection of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) by examining the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in BALF and serum in children with severe Mycoplasma pneumonia (MPP).

METHODSThe levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in BALF and serum were measured using ELISA in 25 children with severe MPP, 25 children with mild MPP and 25 children with foreign body in bronchus.

RESULTSThe levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ and the IL-4/IFN-γ ratio in BALF in children with severe MPP were significantly higher than those in children with foreign body in bronchus (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-4 and the IL-4/IFN-γ ratio in children with severe MPP were significantly higher than those in children with foreign body in bronchus (P<0.01) or with mild MPP (P<0.05). The levels of IL-4 and the IL-4/IFN-γ ratio in BALF were significantly higher than in serum (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe data suggest that the imbalance of Th1/Th2 exists in children with severe MPP and it seems to represent a predominant Th2-like cytokine response. The detection of cytokines in BALF appears to be more sensitive than in serum and may be of value in the diagnosis and therapy of MPP.

Adolescent ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Male ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Objective To describe the skeletal CT imaging manifestations in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC),and to analyze their diagnostic value so as to establish an adequate skeletal change imaging data for the diagnosis of TSC.Methods Thirteen patients fulfilling TSC diagnostic criteria were examined with CT of the brain (n=13)and abdomen (n=7).Examinations from January,2004 to July, 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were three forms of lesions being demonstrated on CT: (1)Multiple sclerosing nodule (n=13):numerous,ovoid and circular,homogeneous,small and well- defined loci and symmetrical lesions were revealed in all cases in the central marrow portion of the bones, which could mimic blastic metastases.Follow-up CT imaging showed no change in both size and number. The lesions measured approximately 2-10mm.(2)Local sclerosing bone dysplasia with little bone expansion (n=7).Symmetrical and irregular density in the radix of the posterior arch of the vertebral body (n = 5 ).(3 )The spherical periosteal proliferation demonstrating as a cortex double line sign (n=2 ),and cortical thickening of metatarsals (n = 3 ).The appearance of the skeletal manifestation was as that in adulthood.Conclusion CT imaging of the skeletal system in TSC has some characteristics,by which the diagnosis of TSC could be made if combined with other main clinical diagnostic criteria. We suggest that those particular findings can be added as primary diagnostic features in the clinical diagnosis of TSC.

Objective: To re-evaluate the reliability and validity of the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), and to adapt to the further application to middle school students in rural China. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was applied to select 15 607 adolescents from grade 7th to grade 12th in 15 rural areas of 5 provinces(Anhui Province, Yunan Province, Guangdong Province, Hei Longjiang Province, Hubei Province), and they were recruited to complete our Questionnaires. Results: The revised version (ASLEC-R) consisted of 5 dimensions (punishment, interpersonal relationship, academic pressure, loss and adaptation problem), 25 items after deleting items 5 and 17 through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, which could accounted for 55.22% of the total variance. The fit indices were RMSEA=0.06，GFI=0.91，CFI=0.88，TLI=0.86，NFI=0.88，AGFI=0.88，HOELTER 0.05=261. The Cronbach’s α and Spearman-Brown splithalf reliability coefficient of the whole scale were 0.92 and 0.87, respectively，and the test-retest reliability was 0.84. ASLEC-R had better reliability than the unrevised version. The results of five-joint item analyses showed that each item improved in terms of indiscrimination, relevance, contribution, homogeneity and sensitivity. The correlation coefficients with BWAQ and EI subscale were 0.38 and -0.36 respectively. Conclusion ASLEC-R has good reliability and validity , and it is worth being applied to the Chinese rural areas.