Gentamicin production at home and abroad was fermentation cycle long,production rate low,production costs high and short of competitiveness.Added a little quantity of lysine,glycine,tyrosine,methionine into the medium of gentamicin producing Micromonospora purpurea during inoculation could improve the metabolic capability of microbe,shorten fermentation cycle and increase production rate of gentamicin.The new method was successfully developed in shaking flask test and applied to 5L glass fermentor for one month.Average data of one month showed that the fermentation time per cycle was shortened about 40% and the yield of gentamicin per fermentor increased about 14% in comparison with the conventional technique.The production rate of gentamicin was increased 30% ~95%(according to the capability of strain).The quality of the end product gentamicin conformed to CP2000,BP2000 and USP26 pharmacopoeia.Therefore,the new method may reduce production costs of gentamicin remarkably,it shows strong competitiveness in the marketplace.

Child ; Collagen Type IV ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; Nephritis, Hereditary ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the changes and correlation of Insulin-line growth factor-1(IGF-1)and bone mineral density(BMD)in Graves disease(GD).Methods:The serum IGF-1 levels were determined by radioimmunoprecipitation assay(RIA) in 30 cases of females GD patients before and after successful therapy,the BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,the sex and ege were matched with the normal of the control group.Results:The levels of serum IGF-1(165 4?40 0) ?g/L markedly increase and the BMD(0 770?0 081)g/cm 2 markedly descend in GD group.There were significantly different from normal controls[IGF-1(92.5?25.1)?g/L、BMD(0.877?0.069)g/cm 2]( P0.05 ).Conclusion:IGF-1 probably play an important role in the pathogenesis and bone metabolism of GD.

Objective:To study the influence of the serum cytokine levels of patients with Graves′ disease(GD) before and After Treated With ~ 131 I.Methods:Using the method of radioimmunoassay, the serum levels of interleukin-1(IL-1), interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-?) of GD 52 patients were measured before and after ~ 131 I, 30 age-and sex-matched healthy subjects served as controls, and the results were compared with that of the control group.Results:The levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-? of GD patients were significantly higher than that of the control group(P

Objective To prospectively compare MR pulmonary perfusion imaging with quantitative HRCT for the detection of mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and classification of COPD.Methods Sixty-two consecutive patients with COPD and 17 healthy volunteers underwent pulmonary function test (PFT),HRCT and MR perfusion imaging on the same day.According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD),all COPD patients were classified into 4 stages:stage Ⅰ (n =19),stage Ⅱ (n =17),stage Ⅲ (n =14),stage Ⅳ (n =12).The signal intensity of perfusion defects (SIPD),signal intensity of normal lung perfusion (SInormal) on 3D MR perfusion were obtained through postprocessing and the signal intensity ratio (RSI) was calculated.The total lung volume (TLV) was calculated automatically on HRCT and the total emphysema volume (TEV) was obtained by applying -950 HU thresholds.The TEV/TLV was deduced as emphysema index (EI).Several comparisons were made between the volunteers and COPD patients by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test.Results The RSI,SIPD,PEI,MSI,MSD values of MRI perfusion in volunteers (43.9 ± 7.2,48.2 ± 19.7,31.4,55.7,44.1) were significantly different from those in patients with COPD (18.1 ± 8.1,47.4 ± 20.0,8.6,30.2,22.7) (P ＜ 0.01).The RSI showed a significant difference between stage Ⅰ (24.4 ± 9.8) and stage Ⅲ (15.9 ± 5.3) or Ⅳ (9.2 ± 2.7) and between stage Ⅱ (19.9 ± 3.1) and stage Ⅳ (t =4.05-6.64,P ＜0.01).However,all MRI perfusion parameters between stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ,stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ were no differences (t =2.00-4.46,P ＞ 0.05).The median of EI in volunteers and stage Ⅰ-Ⅳ COPD patients were 1.2,3.8,8.0,13.7,18.3,and the quartile range were 3.7,7.1,9.2,10.5,7.7,respectively.The EI in volunteers showed significant differences with that of stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ COPD and the EI of stage Ⅳ was different from that of stage Ⅱ or Ⅰ (t =-7.32--1.85,P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference between volunteers and stage Ⅰ COPD (t =-1.99,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The RSI of MRI is more sensitive than that of HRCT for assessing mild COPD.The severity of COPD could be reflected by MRI perfusion and HRCT.

Combining the two novelty search work workshops with recent published papers on novelty search in Universities and Colleges,new progresses for science & technology (ST) novelty search in Universities and Colleges have been comprehensive summarized,and some enlightenments have been probed into seminar:a new novelty search experience communication mode and fast development of college ST novelty search work to ST novelty search and innovation.

The protoplasts of Micromonospora purpurea,the high yield strains of gentammicin producer were mutagenized by diethyl sulfate(DES)and ultraviolet radiation(UV)respectively,then fused,screened by gentamicin resistance and regenerated.The average fermentation unit 2200?U/ml could be achieved by shake flask for 10 batches.The average fermentation unit 1900?U/ml could be obtained by 5L fermentor for 7 batches.The quality of the end product conformed to CP2000,BP2000 and USP26 pharmacopoeia.

Objective To evaluate the effect of CT temporal subtraction(TS) for detection of lung nodules.Methods 80 cases of CT images (current and previous CT images) and corresponding CT TS images were presented, which included 30 cases with nodules(75 nodules) and 50 controls.4 observers, including 2 radiologists and 2 residents, indicated their confidence level regarding the presence of a new emerging or larger or solid component than before,which first used standard CT images, then with the addition of CT TS images.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the observers'' performance.Results The mean value of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were 0.860 and 0.925 for four observers without and with TS images,respectively(P<0.01).Average sensitivity for detection of lung nodules was improved from 77.3%(58/75) to 89.3%(67/75) by using CT TS images.Conclusion The use of CT TS images can significantly improve radiologists'' performance for detection of lung nodules,especially when a small size solid or subsolid nodule presents near the pulmonary hilum.CT TS is more helpful for residents.

Objective To analyze the morphological features of smokers' lung on MDCT scan,measure the CT volumetric parameters,and explore the correlation with pulmonary functional test(PFT) indexes.Methods 59 smokers were enrolled,in which 14 were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients,and 39 non-smokers were chosen as control group.All subjects underwent inspiratory and expiratory phase MDCT scan and PFT.Eleven pulmonary CT features caused by smoking among three groups were analyzed and compared.The emphysema index (EI 95) and mean lung density (MLD) were measured.The correlation between above mentioned parameters and PFT indexes were analyzed.Results ①Among three groups,significant differences were found for the score and incidence of entrilobular emphysema,paraseptal emphysema and brochiectasis or bronchial wall thickness(P＜0.01).②In COPD patients,paraseptal emphysema and DLCO/VA,brochiectasis or bronchial wall thickness and DLCO SB(％P),DLCO/VA(％P),as well as EI and MEF25％ (％P),DLCO SB(％P),DLCO/VA (％P)were negatively related.In smokers without COPD,there were negative correlation between centrilobular emphysema and FEV1/FVC,MEF25％ (％ P),MEF5％ (％ P),DLCO SB (％ P),DLCO/VA (％ P),paraseptal emphysema and DLCO SB(％P),DLCO/VA(％P),brochiectasis or bronchial wall thickness and DLCO/VA(％P),as well as EI and FEV1/FVC,MEF5％ (％P),and MLD and FEV1 (％ P),MEF25％ (％ P)were positively related.Conclusion MDCT can be used to analyze smokers' pulmonary morphology,and the morphological features and volumetric parameters are good predictions for pulmonary function.

Objective To evaluate the performance of bone suppression images on the detection of lung nodules in comparison with the radiologists'reading results.Methods There were 141 standard posteroanterior digital chest radiographs,which included 95 patients with a solitary nodule and 46 controls.In this observational study,4 observers,including 2 radiologists and 2 residents,in-dicated their confidence level regarding the presence of a nodule for each lung,first by use of standard images,then with the addition of bone suppression images.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate the observers'performance. Results Average nodule size was (1.9±1)cm (range from 0.9 cm to 2.9 cm).The mean value of the area under the ROC curve (AUC)was significantly improved from 0.844 with use of standard images alone to 0.873 with use of bone suppression images (P<0.01).Conclusion The use of bone suppression images can improve radiologists'performance on detection of lung nodules on chest radiographs.