Objective To evaluate the effects of preoperative regional artery chemotherapy (PRACT) on gastric carcinoma. Methods Celiac arteriography was performed by transfemoral artery catheter according to Seldinger's method and superselective catheterization proceeded to the supplying artery of focus of lesion. Antineoplastic agents of Fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR)(0.8 g/m 2), epirubicin(40 mg/m 2), oxaliplatin(80 mg/m 2) were infused into regional artery by a single administration. The specimens from 14 cases of gastric carcinoma(GC) who received PRACT were separated into pre operation group and post operation group. Both microscopic study to observe the necrosis of cancer cell and TUNEL(TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling) method to detect the state of apoptosis were performed respectively in the two groups. Correlation of apoptosis index (AI) between the two groups, as well as correlation between the situation of necrotic tumor cell and the blood vessel, was analyzed. Results The severity of the necrosis of tumor cell was significantly higher in the PRACT group than that in the untreated group ( P

Ear Diseases ; complications ; Ear, Inner ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; etiology ; Hemorrhage ; complications ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Dextroscope workstation is an advanced equipment developed in recent years and isused to make virtual reality model.We not only used it in surgical planning of thyroid disease,but also applied it in clinic teaching.Application of Dextroscope virtual reality system can help to improve students'capabilities of clinical thoughts and clinical techniques,stimulate their learning interest,enlarge the knowledge,shorten learning curve and release the conflict in practice.Dextroscope system will push forward the progress of education reform,so it is worth spreading.

It is one of the main characters of malignant tumors that malignant tumor cells invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant tissues .Multiple factors are involved in this complicated dynamic process .Metastasis is the major factor influencing recurrence and prognosis .Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanism of invasion and metastasis for reducing recurrence rate and mortality of malignant tumors .Engulfment and cell mobility ( ELMO) family is one kind of conserved protein in evolutional process .It includes 3 members, ELMO1, ELMO2 and ELMO3.The members of ELMO family play an important role in cell phagocytosis and cell migration , and they also have close correlation with ma-lignant tumor cell invasion and metastasis .In this paper , we review the progress of the relationship between ELMO family and malignant tumor invasion and metastasis .

Objective Analyse the causes,diagnosis and treatment for delayed hemorrhage after distal radical gastrectomy.Methods Retrospective study on 45 patients combined with intro-abdominal hemorrhage after distal radical gastrectomy from January 2008 to June 2013.Results Thirteen patients combined with delayed hemorrhage in these 45 patients,all of 13 patients had intro-abdominal hemorrhage in 1week to 4 weeks after operation.And 5 of the 13 patiens were intermittent intro-abdominal hemorrhage 1 week after operation,these patients were demonstrated the blood come from gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm fracture by CT and DSA examine,and they were cured by interventional embolization.Other 8 patients were marginal ulcer hemorrhage diagnosed by gastroscope,and they stoped bleeding with the help of gastroscope.Conclusions The causes of delayed hemorrhage after distal radical gastrectomy were complicated,and CT,DSA and endoscope can use for diagnosis.What was more,interventional embolization and endoscope were helpful for curing the intro-abdominal hemorrhage,avoiding re-operation.

BACKGROUND:The rabbits were widely used as experimental animal models in the research on etiology and pathological mechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. It is stil a valuable and realistic research topic to improve and to innovate the modeling technology nowadays. OBJECTIVE:To improve the modeling technology on osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits induced by glucocorticoid combined with lipopolysaccharide, with the focus on its reduced mortality and the guaranteed successful rate of modeling. METHODS:A total of 28 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group (n=10) and improvement group (n=18). Models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were established according to different methods. In the improvement group, rabbits were injected with sodium penicilin (5.0 mg/kg) and amikacin sulfate (1.63×104 U/kg) in the left gluteus muscle. Twenty-four hours later, al rabbits were injected with prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) in the right gluteus muscle. Forty-eighthours later, 5.0 μg/kg of lipopolysaccharide was intravenously injectedvia the ear. From then on, two injections of prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) were respectively performed alternately in the left and right gluteal muscle at an interval of each 24 hours. Sodium penicilin (5.0 mg/kg) and amikacin sulfate (1.63×104 U/kg) were intraperitonealy injected for 2 consecutiveweeks. In the control group, 10 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide was injectedvia the ear vein of rabbit. From then on, prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) was intramuscularly injected at an interval of each 24 hours, totaly three times. Benzylpenicilin sodium 20×104 U/rabbit was intramuscularly injected once a week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rabbit models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were successfuly established in both groups. Compared with the control group, the mortality was significantly reduced after model establishment in the improvement group, and the bone lacuna and osteonecrosis of the femoral head were apparent. These findings indicated that the improved technology of model establishment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head could be used to aleviate the damage degree on the gluteal muscles, to guarantee the successful rate of modeling, and to noticeably reduce the mortality of rabbits.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of the expression levels of serum hypoxia induced factor-1α(HIF-1α),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)and CA125 in predicting the recurrence or metastasis of colon cancer after radical resection.Methods Totally 123 cases of colon cancer after radical surgery in our hospital from July 2009 to December 2013 were performed the retrospective analysis.The correlation between the serum markers levels with the recurrence or metastasis was dynamically analyzed.Results (1)The HIF-1αand CEA levels after operation in 123 cases of co-lon cancer were decreased significantly compared with before operation;(2)The HIF-1α,CEA and CA125 levels in 39 cases of re-currence or metastasis were significantly increased compared with those in 84 cases of non-recurrence or non-metastasis (P <0.05);(3)in 39 cases of recurrence or metastasis,the HIF-1α and CEA levels in recurrence or metastasis were increased signifi-cantly compared with those after the end of chemotherapy (P <0.05);(4)HIF-1αwas positively correlated to VEGF(P <0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of HIF-1αand CEA in the patients with colon cancer are positively correlated with recurrence or me-tastasis,the dynamically combined detection of serum markers has an important significance for predicting and early find recurrence or metastasis after radical operation in colon cancer.

Objective To observe the formation of autophagosome,the expression and distribution of autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in adriamycin nephropathy rats at different pathological periods,to explore the relationship between autophagy and renal tissue injury,the occurrence of proteinuria,the progression of renal disease.Methods Sixty normal male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=30) and model group (n=30),the rats in model group were injected with adriamycin(6.5 mg/kg) via tail-vein for one time,while the rats in control group were injected with saline.Urine protein quantitation of 24 hour,the levels of serum albumin and total cholesterol were measured serially at the 2,4,6,8,10 weeks.The changes of kidney tissue pathology were detected after HE,PAS and Masson staining by light microscope.The formation of autophagy were detected by transmission electron microscopy,the localization and distribution of LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence staining in kidney tissue,the autophagy-related proteins LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 expression was detected by Western blotting.Results In model group,urinary protein began to increase at the first two weeks,serum albumin decreased at the same time,and total cholesterol increased in the four weeks.There was a statistically significant difference compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The Scr and BUN were increased slightly at the four weeks in model group,and showed the deterioration of renal function after the eight weeks.There was a statistically significant difference compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Mesangial cell proliferation,mitochondrial swelling and foot process broadening and integration appeared early in the model group,while foot process disappearing and nuclear pyknosis were observed in the late by transmission electron microscope;Renal pathology gradually changed from mesangial proliferation to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) by light microscope.A low expression of autophagy was detected in renal tissue of control group rats by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscope;in model group,with the progression of disease,the autophagy was significantly enhanced and maintained at a high level.With the progression of disease,the autophagyrelated proteins LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was significantly enhanced in the model group than the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Autophagy is involved in renal tissue injury and the occurrence of proteinuria,closely related to the progression of renal disease.

Objective To study the effects of oral rehydration with the solution of pyruvate-glucoseelectrolyte (PGES) by comparison with the bicarbonate-glucose-electrolyte solution (BGES) on resuscitation in rats with lethal hemorrhagic shock.Methods Sixty adult male SD rats with intra-gastric tube,and cannulation of femoral artery and vein were subjected to 45％ total blood volume loss from the femoral artery,and then randomly divided into three groups (n =20 in each group):no fluid resuscitation group (NR),oral fluid resuscitation with the PGES group (PGES) and oral fluid resuscitation with the BGES group (BGES).In NR group,the animals received no fluid replacement or any other treatment.Rats in PGES and BGES groups were infused intra-gastrically with pre-warmed PGES or BGES in volume of 2 times shed blood given at 30 min after hemorrhage and completed within 6 hours.Blood samples in each group were collected from the abdominal aorta before or at 0,1,2,4 h post hemorrhage to detect serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatinine (Cr),creatine phosphate kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP).Another 84 rats randomly divided into four groups:NR group (n =24),PGES group (n =24),BGES group (n =24),and no hemorrhage group (NH group,n =12).Rats in the three hemorrhage groups were treated the same as described above,and the rats in NH group underwent the same surgical procedure without hemorrhage were served as the sham group.All these rats were observed for their 24-hour survival rates.Results The 24-hour survival rates of PGES and BGES groups were both significantly higher than the rate of NR group (11/24 vs.1/24,x2 =18.087,P ＜0.01 ; 5/24 vs.1/24,x2 =6.445,P ＜ 0.05) ; the survival rate of PGES group was also significantly higher than that of BGES group (11/24 vs.5/24,x2 =4.02,P ＜ 0.05).All levels of ALT,CK-MB,Cr and iFABP in both the NR group and two oral resuscitation groups at 1 h,2 h and 4 h post hemorrhage were significantly higher than those before the blood loss,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).These biomarkers at 2 h,4 h post hemorrhage were significantly lower in the PGES and BGES groups than those in NR group (P ＜ 0.01) ; the serum levels of ALT,CK-MB,Cr and iFABP were significantly lower in the PGES group than those in the BGES group at 2 h and 4 h post hemorrhage,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Present results demonstrated that the pyruvate-enriched oral re-hydration solution (ORS =PGES) was more effective in preserving the organ function and prolonging the animal survival after resuscitation of lethal hemorrhagic shock in comparison with the bicarbonate-containing ORS (BGES).The oral re-hydration solution (PGES) recommended by the World Hygiene Organization (WHO ORS) may require further improvement in oral resuscitation of shock and the PGES may be recommended as a choice of oral re-hydration salts in the treatment of lethal hemorrhagic shock when intravenous administration is not available.

Objective To measure the organ weight and body weight of outbred Wuzhishan mini-pigs (WZSP), and calculate the organ coefficient and the linear and multiple linear regression equations between body weight and major organ weights. Methods 30 common WZSP (16 males and 14 females) were chosen,the body weight and 7 organ weights were determined, and the organ coefficients were calculated. The organ coefficients between males and females were compared. The correlation and regression analysis was performed using the SAS software. Results The coefficient of heart had remarkably significant difference between males and females (P<0.05).The linear analysis showed that there were apparent linear correlations between body weight and all the organ weights except for the stomach of males and the lung of females.The weights of liver and kidney showed great influence on the body weight of males, while the body weight of females relied on the weights of heart, liver and kidney greatly. Conclusion Differences of organ coefficients are not significant between males and females,and there are linear relationships between body weight and some major organ weights.