This study was aimed to define the scope of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) informatics standards. The basic construction of three-dimensional profiling framework includes TCM business domain, elements of TCM informationization and specificity level. The clinical informatics standards development was stated as an example to demonstrate the application method of this three-dimensional profiling framework.

Objective To transform knowledge organization systems (KOS) about traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) domain into standardized ontologies, in order to achieve the publication, sharing, and fusion of TCM KOS on the Web, and to further improve the organization and management of TCM knowledge. Methods Simple knowledge organization system (SKOS), a technical specification recommended by World Wide Web Consortium, was used to transform TCM KOS into publishable ontologies on the Web. Results Traditional Chinese medicine language system was transformed into an SKOS ontology, which was stored into a knowledge base that could support SPARQL (standard query language of the Semantic Web) query access, and provide concept, terminology, and knowledge services for Semantic Web applications, such as semantic wiki and semantic search via Web service interfaces. Conclusion This research preliminarily verifies the applicability of SKOS in TCM domain, and exemplifies the process of transforming TCM KOS into SKOS ontologies.

Female ; Humans ; Hyperacusis ; surgery ; Labyrinth Diseases ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Semicircular Canals ; pathology ; surgery

All elements and refinements had been built in ontology with protégé 4.1, which can be used to record over 20 classic Chinese medicine books in related author, publisher, storage site, edition, form and arrangement of lines in calligraphy, and etc. It also realized the graphical display based on ontology. It gave brief analysis on elements which had been used or without using. Studies showed that Web Ontology Language (OWL) can express all elements of TCM literatures clearly. This study indicated that element refinements should be considered to add in the amendment of ISO International Standards application for further improvement.

This study analyzed the current clinical terminology standardization, systematization research status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The previous version of the TCM clinical term system had some problems including imperfect classification structure, unclear relationship between concepts and so on, which made the TCM clinical terminology system(TCMCTS) difficult to support the clinical practice of TCM. The suggestions for system improvement were using ontology method to build TCMCTS concept model bases on the previous researches and data extracted from TCM clinical electronic medical record, and top-level-ontology accordance with ISO standards. The study also tried to summarize the ‘semantic network between classes’ through semantic relationships.

Objective To analyze the mental health status of college students under regular prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, so as to provide the basis for mental health intervention. Methods From Apr. 15 to 30, 2020, three universities in Shanghai were selected to conduct the network research through WeChat platform. The questionnaire was designed by questionnaire star to collect the demographic data of college students. The modified positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) were used to assess the emotional status of college students, and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to measure the sleep quality of them. Results A total of 1 195 college students were recruited in the study, including 531 males and 664 females, aged from 17 to 39 years. During regular COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, the college students had a variety of negative emotions, including anxiety (46.6%, 557/1 195), sadness (28.9%, 345/1 195), tension (25.0%, 299/1 195) and fear or panic (21.3%, 255/1 195), while the positive emotion was rare, except for calmness (55.9%, 668/1 195). Of all participants, 17.6% (210/1 195) reported poor subjective sleep quality, 18.8% (225/1 195) reported long sleep latency, 17.3% (207/1 195) reported sleep disturbances, and 14.8% (177/1 195) reported sleep insufficiency. Age, gender, education level, location, and living condition were the influencing factors of emotion and sleep status, and the academic major was an influencing factor of emotional status (all P<0.05). Conclusion Under regular prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, negative emotions and poor sleep are common among college students. We should pay more attention to the students who are elder, female, master or above, who previously lived abroad or in Hubei province, who are isolated or observed, and those majoring in medical-related specialties.

The standardized training for specialists in China has ushered in a new phase of steady development and gradual improvement from the initial stage of slow start-up and making plan. Current researches focus on the training system, training model and competency-based training model. Due to late start, short history, insufficient experience and rational thinking of training for specialists in China, currently we need more in-depth and systematic studies; the studies should be more pertinent and applicable, and the studies on competency-based training need to be further broadened. In this review, the research focuses of standardized specialist training in China are sorted out, and the main problems are analyzed, hoping to provide reference for the development of standardized specialist training in China.

The paper reports the systematic study on felodipine and its impurities in tablets, to improve its quality standards for the control of the related substances. HPLC-DAD, UPLC-MS, IR and NMR methods were used for the isolation of felodipine and its impurities in tablets, their identification and the zebrafish animal model was used for the analysis of the toxic impurities. In felodipine material and its tablets, three impurities are isolated and identified. They are impurity 1 [dimethyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate], impurity 2 [ethyl methyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethylpyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate] and impurity 3 [diethyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate], separately. The result of zebrafish animal model analysis showed that the teratogenic effects of four compounds were: impurity 3 > or = felodipine > impurity 1 > impurity 2, lethal effects were as follows: impurity 2 = impurity 3 > felodipine > or = impurity 1. This study confirmed the toxicity of three impurities in felodipine. According to the results, the paper suggested the amendments to the standard of the medicine and provided the support to the control of impurities in the manufacturing process.

Objective To observe the effects of ICB orthopedic sole combined with rehabilitation training on balance and walking function in stroke survivors.Methods Thirty hemiplegic stroke patients were recruited and divided into a study group (n =15) and a control group (n =15) by using a random number table.Both groups took exercises based on the principles of a motor relearning program and conducted core stability control training,and the study group additionally undertook hemiplegic lower extremity weight-bearing exercises and walking with ICB orthopedic sole used in daily living.The program was administered 20 min twice per day for 4 weeks.All patients were evaluated with Rest Calcaneus Standing Position (RCSP),Malleolar Position (MP),Forefoot Position (FP),Berg Balance Scale (BBS),l0 m Maximum Walking Speed (MWS) and walking section of Motor Assessment Scale (MAS)before and after the program.Results After 4 weeks of intervention,all the measurements except the FP in both groups improved significantly,and significant differences were observed between the two groups.After 4 weeks of training,the average RCSP (1.78 ± 0.32) ° and MP (13.33 ± 2.51)° were improved significantly compared to those of the control group [(2.58 ± 0.59) ° and (12.45 ± 3.31) °,respectively].Moreover,the average BBS,MAS and MWS improved significantly compared to the control group.Conclusions ICB orthopedic sole combined with rehabilitation training can improve the weight-bearing,balance and ambulation abilities of stroke survivors.

To clone the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (TwMCT) full length cDNA from Tripterygium wilfordii, the specific primers were designed according to the transcriptome data and the LCPCR were carried out. After a series of bioinformatics analysis on the TwMCT, the MeJA induced expression content were investigated by real-time fluorescence quantification polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The result showed that the full of TwMCTcDNA was 1 318 bp nucleotides encoding 311 amino acids. The molecular weight of the deduced TwMCT protein was about 34.14 kDa and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.65. Result of the RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the content of TwMCT mRNA expression in T. wilfordii suspension cell was rising after treating with MeJA and reached the maximum in 24 h. Cloning and analyzing TwMCT gene from T. wilfordii provided gene element for studying the function and expression regulation of secondary metabolites.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Erythritol ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleotidyltransferases ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Sequence Alignment ; Sugar Phosphates ; metabolism ; Tripterygium ; chemistry ; enzymology ; genetics