Objective To observe whether leptin protects rat islet ?-cells from lipotoxicity induced by free Taity acid ( FFA). Methods Pancreatic islets were isolated from Wistar rats. Isolated islets were divided into 4 groups; ( 1 ) Control group; (2) Leptin group (murine recombinanl leptin 100?g/L) ; (3) FFA group [0. 25 mmol/L long chain fatty acid (oleate: palmitate =2: 1 ) ] ; (4) FFA + Leptin group (both leptin and FFA were added to the culture medium). Alter being cultured lor 72 hours, triglyceride ( TG) content in islets, insulin secreted under basal and glucose stimulated conditions, and the mRNA expression of fatty acid oxidase-carnitine palmityl transferase- 1 ( CFT- I ) , fatty acid synthetase-acyl-CoA carboxylase ( ACC) , peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ( PPAR)a and PPARr in islets were examined. Results ( 1 ) TC content in islets was elevated in FFA group as compared with control group ( P

Objective To investigate the effect of Astragalus Polysaccharide on peripheral circulation myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in lung cancer and its clinical effect. Methods 100 patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer were selected and divided into 2 groups, 50 cases in the control group treated with chemotherapy aalone, 50 cases in the experiment group received injection of Astragalus Polysaccharide on the basis of the control group, peripheral blood MDSC levels, peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets levels, serum ARG I activity, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, the clinical effect and incidence of adverse reactions were compared after the treatment. Results Compared with the control group, peripheral blood levels of MDSC (Lin-HLA DR-\CD33+\CD11b+) was lower after treatment in the experiment group , peripheral blood levels of CD3+, CD4+T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ were higher, and CD8+T lymphocytes level was lower after treatment, serum levels of ARG I activity, TNF-α, IL-6 levels were lower after treatment, (P<0.05) , the total effective rate in the control group(42.0%)was lower than the experiment group(64.0%), (P<0.05), the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction(40/24), 3 ~ 4 degree of leukocyte reduction(26/12), liver function damage(19/9), renal damage(17/7) in the control group were higher than the experiment group (P<0.05). Conclusion Astragalus Polysaccharide can significantly reduce the peripheral circulation MDSC (Lin-HLA DR-\CD33+\CD11b+) level in patients with lung cancer, improve T lymphocyte immune function, inhibit the activity of serum ARG I, reduce the level of TNF-αand IL-6, effectively improve the clinical efficacy, and reduce the toxic and side effects of chemotherapy.

Objective To discuss the incidence, clinical features, diagnostic methods, treatment and prognostic factors of Hodgkin lymphoma of breast. Methods The clinical data, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of one male patient diagnosed as Hodgkin lymphoma of breast were retrospectively analyzed, and literatures were reviewed. Results The 71-year-old male patient had a main physical sign of a local painless lump in breast. The lump increased progressively, associated with generalized lymphadenopathy, skin itching and sweats. Pathologic results showed the diagnosis of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (Ann Arbor stage: ⅢEB). The patient eventually died after 7 months following the combined chemotherapy. Conclusions Hodgkin lymphoma of breast is a rare disease lacking in specific clinical manifestations. It is difficult to clarify the diagnosis before operation, and its definite diagnosis largely depends on pathological and immunohistochemical examination. The combination of chemotherapy with radiotherapy may have a favorable efficacy, with the poor diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:At present, a heparin-coated extracorporeal circulation pipe is used widely, but the price is expensive and limits its wide application.
OBJECTIVE:To screen the optimal coating condition of oxidated sodium alginate as a coating material to coat the medical polyvinyl chloride pipe and to evaluate the anticoagulant properties and the stability of the coated pipe.
METHODS:Oxidized sodium alginate was prepared with sodium periodate, and the mole ratio of sodium periodate and sodium alginate was 1:8, 1:10 and 1:12, respectively. Oxidized sodium alginate with different
degree of oxidation was coated on the surface of medical polyvinyl chloride pipes by chemical methods, then to select the best degree of oxidation. The optimal coating condition was screened through an orthogonal
experiment based on concentrations of sulfuric acid, polyethyleneimine and oxidized sodium alginate, and pH
value and temperature of oxidized sodium alginate. Additional y, the anticoagulant properties and expulsion rates of the prepared pipes were evaluated in comparison with the blank control group and heparin-coated group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The optimal oxidation degree for oxidized sodium alginate was 1:10 for the mole ratio of sodium periodate and sodium alginate. The best coating conditions were 50%concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.05%polyethyleneimine, 40 ℃ of reaction temperature, 2 g/L oxidized sodium alginate, and pH value=3.5. The oxidized sodium alginate coating group had a similar trend compared with heparin-coated group in the expulsion rate. The anticoagulant properties of oxidized sodium alginate coating group were little weaker than those of
heparin-coated group (P<0.05), but significantly better than those of the blank control group. The oxidized sodium alginate-coated extracorporeal circulation pipe has a good anticoagulant property and stability.

Based on the investigation and analysis of industry dynamics of health maintenance Applications (APP) of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM),the paper designs and develops health maintenance APP of TCM,and describes its architecture,operating principle,functions,innovativeness,applicability scope,etc.

Objective To discuss the effectiveness of anterolateral thigh propeller flaps for treatment of inguinal skin and soft tissue defects.Methods From June,2009 to October,2014,12 patients with inguinal skin and soft tissue defects were treated with anterolateral thigh propeller flaps pedicled with perforator of descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery.Of them there were 8 males and 4 females,aged from 22 to 51 years.The left side was involved in 3 cases and right side 9 cases.Defects were caused by traffic accident injury in 5 cases,crash injury of heavy object in 7 cases.There were mere skin and soft tissue in 2 cases,combined with bone fractures,nerves,vessels and muscles injury in 10 cases.The area of defects ranged from 9.0 cm×5.0 cm to 22.0 cm×9.0 cm.During operation,anterolateral thigh propeller flaps ranging from 11.0 cm×7.0 cm to 24.0 cm×1 1.0 cm were used to repair the wounds.Results All flaps and skingrafts survived after operation and the wounds obtained primary healing.After 8-24 months follow-up,all flaps were characterized by soft texture,good color,and satisfactory appearance.According to the Britain's Medical Research Council at 8 months after operation,the sensation of the flaps were recovered to S2 ～ S3+,No obvious scar contracture and chromatosis were observed at donor site.Conclusion Anterolateral thigh propeller flaps pedicled with artery descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral perforator is an ideal choice for the reconstruction for inguinal skin and soft tissue defects.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effects of close reduction and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis in treating proximal humerus fractures in the aged.

METHODSFrom February 2012 to December 2013,39 patients with proximal humerus fractures were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO group, 21 cases) and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF group, 18 cases). Including 17 males and 22 females in the study, and aged from 67 to 88 years old with an average of (71.8 ± 5.2) years old. In MIPPO group, there were 11 males and 10 females with an average age of (70.0 ± 5.3) years old;and in ORIF group, there were 10 males and 8 females with an average age of (72.0 ± 4.2) years old. Operation time, blood loss during operation, fracture healing time and postoperative complications were recorded. The functions of the shoulder joints were assessed according to Constant-Murley score at final follow-up.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 11 to 27 months with an average of 18.1 months. The mean blood loss of the MIPPO group was (176.0 ± 57.4) ml,while the ORIF group was (356.0 ± 66.9) ml (t = 7.22,P = 0.01). The operation time of the MIPPO group was (47.4 ± 14.9) min, while the ORIF group was (92.7 ± 15.8) min (t = 0.79, P = 0.03). Fracture healing time in the MIPPO group and ORIF group was (17.6 ± 5.8), ( 21.7 ± 4.9) weeks, respectively (P < 0.05). The mean Constant-Murley score at final follow-up was 89.7 ± 14.5 in MIPPO group, and 81.8 ± 13.2 in ORIF group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMIPPO has advantages of little trauma, less blood loss, rapid recovery, less vascular damage and so on and can effectively treat the proximal humerus fracture in the aged.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Shoulder Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the inhibitory effect of gefitineb on the proliferation and its inducing effect on the apoptosis of mouse I-10 Leydig testicular cancer cells in vitro.

METHODSWe treated I-10 Leydig testicular cancer cells of mice with gefitineb at 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 µmol/L. Then we determined the inhibitory effect of gefitineb on the growth of the cells by MTT, detected their early and late apoptosis by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining and Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining, respectively, and observed the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and caspase 3/9 by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, gefitineb significantly inhibited the proliferation of the I-10 cells at 10 and 20 µmol/L (P < 0.05). The survival rate of the cells was (32.4 ± 2.8)% (P < 0.01) and their early and late apoptosis rates were (26.7 ± 4.2)% and (59.33 ± 10.2)% in the 40 µmol/L group, significantly different from those in the control (P < 0.05 and P <0.01). In comparison with the blank control group, gefitineb at 10, 20, and 40 µmol/L increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax by (41.9 ± 7.1), (60.1 ± 9.8), and (69.0 ± 11.3)% (all P < 0.05), decreased that of apoptosis-inhibitory protein Bcl-2 by (50.3 ± 8.9), (63.9 ± 6.9), and (88.7 ± 13.9)% (all P < 0.05), and elevated that of the cleft proteins caspase-3 by (69.0 ± 6.9)% (P < 0.05), (71.5 ± 8.1)% (P < 0.05), and (110.9 ± 14.2)% (P < 0.01) and caspase-9 by (51.8 ± 4.9), (54.7 ± 6.7), and (43.8 ± 11.8)% (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGefitineb can increase the cytotoxicity of I-10 Leydig testicular cancer cells of mice and induce their apoptosis via the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; Leydig Cell Tumor ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Quinazolines ; pharmacology ; Testicular Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective:This study aimed to detect the special methylation profile in peripheral blood for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods:The methylation status of 12 tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in the plasma of 55 HCCs and 54 chronic liver diseases (CLDs) was tested by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Results:In HCC, the methylation frequencies were 78.18%in APC, 63.64%in cyclin D2, 58.18% in TFPI2, 49.09% in DKK3, 49.09% in GSTP1, 47.27% in p16, 40.00% in Sigma 14-3-3, 18.18% in SFRP2, 16.36% in ppENK, 9.09% in DKK2, 7.27% in NPTX2, and 5.45% in LHX1. In CLD, the methylation frequencies were 27.78% in APC, 22.22%in cyclin D2, 7.41%in TFPI2, 3.70%in DKK3, 16.67%in GSTP1, 37.04%in p16, 37.04%in Sigma 14-3-3, 11.11%in SFRP2, 20.37%in ppENK, 7.41%in DKK2, 7.41%in NPTX2, and 9.26%in LHX1. The methylation frequencies of APC, cyclin D2, TFPI2, DKK3, and GSTP1 were higher in HCC than in CLD (P<0.01). The methylation index (MI) of the five-gene methylation profile was statistically higher in HCC (median, 0.6;IQR, 0.4-0.8) than CLD (median, 0.2;IQR, 0-0.2) (P<0.01). In HCC, MI was statistically related to the patient's age. Older patients with HCC had a higher MI. No significant correlation was observed between MI and other clinicopathological data. Moreover, MI was not related to the disease free survival and the overall survival in HCC. Conclusion:This five-gene methylation profile may be a promising biomarker for the assistant diagnosis of HCC.

Objective To investigate the change and significance of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and intersititial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the small intestine of rats with postoperative ileus (POI).Methods Thirty healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group ( 15 rats) and POI group ( 15 rats) according to the random number table.The gastrointestinal transit rates of the 2 groups were detected.The distributions and expressions of iNOS and c-kit in the small intestines of the rats in the 2 groups were detected by immunohistochemical staining,and the mRNA expressions of c-kit and iNOS were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).All data were analyzed by the t test.Results Two rats in the POI group died of excessive dosage of anaesthesia or hypothermia,and the remaining 13 rats in the POI group were included in the analysis.The gastrointestinal transit rate was 42％ ± 14％ in the POI group,which was significantly lower than 64％ ± 13％ in the control group ( t =6.56,P ＜ 0.05 ).The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of cells with c-kit positive staining was 8.9 ± 2.9,which was significantly smaller than 14.4 ± 5.0 in the control group ( t =3.97,P ＜ 0.05 ).The number of cells with iNOS immune-positive reaction increased to 13.6 ±4.9,while there was nearly no cells with iNOS immune-positive reaction in the control group.The results of qRT-PCR showed that the relative mRNA expressions of c-kit and iNOS were 1.6 ± 0.8 and 2.2 ± 1.2 in the POI group,and 2.6 ± 1.1,0.5 ± 0.5 in the control group.There were significant differences on the mRNA expressions of c-kit and iNOS between the POI group and the control group ( t =2.86,4.61,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ICC reduction and iNOS increase are observed in rats with POI.The change of the 2 factors may plav an important role in the mechanisms of POI.