Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy

Chronic Disease ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Rhinitis ; surgery ; therapy ; Sinusitis ; therapy

Objective To investigate the current policy of medical insurance expenditure control in Shanghai and put forward feasible advice. Methods Survey in 5 tertiary first-class hospitals in Shanghai involving 400 doctors and patients was conducted.The result of the questionnaire was tracked with Microsoft Excel 2000.The expense reports during 2001 to 2006 from the Office of Medical Insurance of Shanghai Renji Hospital was collected.All the data were statistically analysed. Results The global budget system was accepted by both the doctors and patients.Charging based on disease categories was proved a relatively satisfying method.Drug expenditure control was concerned by both the doctors and patients. Conclusion Ever since the global budget system of medical insurance is implemented in Shanghai,the medical insurance expenditure has been effectively controlled.The key point is the restraint of irrational consumption during the medical treatment.

Contraindications ; Desensitization, Immunologic ; Humans

[Objective] To investigate internal fixation with locked plate and bone cement in treatment of long bone pathologic fractures due to metastatic carcinoma. [Methods]From February 2005 to February 2008, 15 patients suffering from pathologic fractures caused by metastatic lesions of the humerus(3 cases), ulna(2 cases), radius(1 cases), femur(5 cases) and tibia(4 cases) have been surgically treated with internal fixation with locked plate and bone cement.[Results]All patients were followed up after operation for ranging from 24~46 months. Pain relief was achieved in 14 patients(93.3%). Thirteen(86.7%) patients got excellent Enneking scores at 2 weeks postoperatively. The quality of life had significant difference betwen before and after operation (P

BACKGROUND: The implanted cartilage calls can synthesize cartilage matrix as cartilage in cartilage tissue enginsedng, and the density of implanted cells is the key point.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of cell seeding concentration on the chondrogenic differentiation of the adipose dadved sromal cells (ADSCs).DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The in vitro cellular-scaffold observation was performed at the cytobiological laboratory of China Medical University from November 2007 to July 2008.MATERIALS: Six male SD rata with clean grade were supplied by the Experimental Animal Center of China Medical University.METHODS: Totally 5 g/L type ; collagen solution and 20 g/L chitosan was mixed in a mould with volume ratio of 7:3, after lyophillization, it was cut into pieces with 5 mm ～ 5 mm x 2 mm, followed by crosslinking with ethanol contained of 2% chondroitic acid at room temperature. After washing with double distilled water and freeze drying, the chitosan-collagen-chondroitin sulfate copolymar matrices scaffolds were harvested. ADSCs isolated from rat inguinal fat pads were digested with collagenase and trypsase. The prepared scaffolds were randomly divided into 3 groups, and the third passage cells with density of 2×10 9/L,2×10 109/L, and 2×10 11/L were seeded into chitosan-coflagen-chondroitin sulfate scaffolds, and cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3 weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of cartilage specificity gene was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining, type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR.RESULTS: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that after 3 weeks of culture, the cell proliferated and differentiated well, especially in 2x101～/L group, more extrocelluer matrices were produced and cartilage lacuna-structure could be seen. The type Ⅱ collagen was positive expressed in each group, which showed a gradually increasing tendency with the cell seeding concentration increasing. RT-PCR showed that the expression of proteoglycen and type Ⅱ collagen mRNA were slowly increased. However the expression of Ⅹ collagen mRNA was decreased with increasing cell seeding concentration.CONCLUSION: The chitosan-collagen-chondroitin sulfate copolymer matrices can provide an appropdate environment for the generation of cartilage-like tissues and high call seeding concentration of 2×1010/L facilitate ADSCs to differentiate into cartilage.

ObjectiveTo explore the factorial structure of Chinese revision of connor-davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) in Chinese college students.MethodsA total of 1534 college students were recruited for this study.After item analysis,half of the sample was used for exploratory factor analysis and the other for confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe Chinese revision of CD-RISC contained 19 items.Exploratory factor analysis showed that three factors were better:adaptability,tenacity and autonomy.And the results of confirmatory factor analysis ( x2/df =3.83,RMSEA =0.06,GFI =0.92,AGFI =0.90,CFI =0.92,NFI =0.89) indicated that this model provided a reasonable good fit for Chinese college students.ConclusionThis study indicate that the three-factor model of CD-RISC is adaptable to Chinese college students.

Objective To analyse the effective rate and adverse effect of only levetiracetam (LEV) versus LEV plus other drugs in the treatment of middle and old aged patients with partial seizures (PS) and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizure (SGTCS).Methods The self-control study was used and 59 elderly patients with PS and SGTCS were treated with LEV single or plus drug (therapeutic dose was 1000-2000 mg/d,bid).The effective rate and the side effects of LEV were observed and compared between LEV single and plus drug or between the patients with only epilepsy versus epilepsy plus other diseases,respectively.Results The effective ratios at the end of 3,6,9and 12 months after LEV treatment were 76.2％,70.6％,64.3％ and 66.7％,respectively and there were no significant difference among above time points (x2=1.911,P＞0.05).A chi-square test showed that the differences in effective ratios were not statistically significant (P＞ 0.05) between single and combination of drugs (x2 =1.437) and between two groups of patients at the end of 12 months.Clinical effect of LEV showed no remarkable difference between different types of epilepsy at the end of 6 months (x2 =1.315,P＞0.05)and 12 months(x2 =2.700,P＞0.05).The control ratio of epileptic attack was higher in single LEV than in combination drugs (x2 =10.83,P＜0.05).The total side effects were 13.6％,including somnolence,weakness,anorexia,headache,irritability and forgetfulness.Conclusions The curative effects of levetiracetam single or in combination are definite,stable and continuous for PS and SGTCS,especially in combination with other diseases.

BACKGROUND:How to preserve the fertility and ovarian function in patients with procreation needs has important significance and broad application prospects. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the recent studies about ovarian tissue cryopreservation, preservation and evaluation methods, and to explore the best solution for ovarian tissue freezing. METHODS:An online computer-based retrieval of PubMed database and Wanfang database between January 1994 and January 2014 was performed by the first author. The key words were ovarian tissue, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, freezing factors in English and Chinese. Final y 59 literatures on the ovarian tissue cryopreservation technique, influencing factor of cryopreservation, resuscitation, and human ovarian tissue transplantation were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently, laboratory methods of ovarian tissue cryopreservation are divided into slow-rate freezing, ultra-rapid cooling and vitrification technology. The freezing effect may vary in different patients, tissue sections, cryoprotectants species, penetration time and frozen carrier. After the recovery, the histological morphology of granulosa cells and fol icles was observed. The fol icles were counted to evaluate ovarian tissue. Freeze-thaw effects were evaluated by observing the changes of subcellular structures. The apoptotic signals were also detected. Immunohistochemical analysis was applied to detect the proliferation after recovery and apoptosis-related information. Variation in the in vitro culture reflected endocrine levels. Genetic level detection was also performed. In recent years, frozen ovarian tissue is clinical y applied for the transplantation, to restore reproductive endocrine function of the patients, or get mature germ cells, thereby preserving female fertility. However, there are stil some questions about cryopreservation of ovarian tissue, which need further study.

A main complication of chemotherapy in cancer patients is hematopoiesis suppression. Microenviroment transplantation using bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) has been demonstrated to be a potent method in recovery of hematopoiesis in animal models. Based on hematopoiesis-supportive ability of BMSCs and high potency of IL-3 in hematopoiesis stimulation, BMSCs were studied as a cellular delivery system for IL-3 gene transfection to promote hematopoiesis recovery of mice after high dose chemotherapy. BMSCs were transfected with recombinant adenovirous containing murine IL-3 gene(MOI = 10), the level of mIL-3 secreted by gene-modified BMSCs was 110U/ml/10~6 cells/ 24h in vitro. The mice were injected with high dose cyclophosphamide(200mg/kg) i.p. and after 24 hours the IL-3 gene-modified BMSCs(2 x 10~6/mouse) were transplanted intrasplenically. White blood cell counts in peripheral blood of mice received intrasplenic injection of IL-3-BMSCs were kept at a high level within two weeks after chemotherapy. The pathological sections of spleens and bone marrow showed significant recovery of hematopoiesis, compared with that of mice received chemotherapy only. The data indicated the feasibility of IL-3 gene-modified BMSCs transplantation in the acceleration of hematopoiesis recovery after chemotherapy.