The purpose of this paper is to study the pattern of change which are age associated,so as to provide a new method of age estimation by bone for forensic medicine and anthropology.The middle one third of right ribs were collected from 67 Chinese females living in North China.Decalcified cross section slides were histomorphometrically examined by using an image analyzer.Then the parameters were subjected to multiple stepwise regression analysis to produce an equation:=31 264+0 868X 2+286 693X 4+0 689 X 7-778 874X 8-0 006X 9.The multiple correlation coefficient and standard error of estimate were 0 923 and 4 08,respectively.When the formula was checked by 25 specimens,84% of the estimated ages fall within ?5 years of actual ages,and 100% of the estimated ages fall within ?8 years of actual ages.This showed that female ages could be deter mined by the histomorphometry of ribs.

Microvascular architecture of the oviduct was observed by SEM in 20 adult female Wistar rats which were not pregnant. The oviduct was supplied by 2-4 tubal branches (0.2-0.3mm in diameter) which were derived from the ovarian artery. The tubal branches entered the wall of oviduct and divided into numerous meandering arterioles (0.02-0.07mm in diameter). Intrinsic microvasculature of the oviduct might be divided into three layers: (1) the subserosal vascular plexus which appeared tortuous and formed reticulate anastomosis, (2) a parallel branching vasculature in the muscle coat, and (3) the subepithelial capillary network. The latter arised from the arterioles which ramified terminally near the apex of mucosal folds and broke up into very dense capillaries. Subepithelial capillary density in the fimbriae was markedly higher than that in the isthmus and uterine part. Intrinsic venules of oviduct were less tortuous and less closely accompanied with the arterioles. In mesoviduct, veins were in closely accompanied with the corresponding arteries. In the wall of oviduct, some capillaries and venules drained to the small veins directly and vertically.

Objective To study the changes of intestinal epithelial barrier function in rats with aging.Methods SD rats were divided into 3 groups:3-month-old group (group A),12-month-old group (group B) and 24-month-old group (group C,established by D-galactose injection with the dose of 0.125 g· kg-1 · d-1subcultaneously for 6 weeks) (n=10,each).The terminal ileum was obtained to make microtome section,and the morphology of small intestine mucous membrane,trophonema altitude and thickness were observed under light microscope.Occludin and ZO-1 protein expressions in terminal ileum mucous membrane were detected by immunohistochemistry.The expressions of Occludin and ZO 1 mRNA were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The small intestinal mucosa thickness and villus height were lower in group C and B than in group A [thickness:(87.6± 6.32) μm,(131.8± 5.22) μm vs.(162.9±7.28) μm; villus height:(56.4±5.38) μm,(76.7±5.40) μm vs.(108.1±6.42) μm;both P＜0.05].The small intestinal mucosa thickness and villus height was lower in group C than in group B (both P＜0.05).Occludin and ZO-1 protein expressions in small intestine tissue were reduced in group C and B as compared with group A [Occludin protein:(2.23±0.60)％,(4.21±0.61)％ vs.(12.31±0.94)％; ZO-1 protein:(2.03±0.54)％,(4.02±0.65) ％ vs.(12.21±0.81)％ ; both P＜0.05],and Occludin and ZO-1 protein expressions were less in group C than in group B (both P＜0.05).The levels of Occludin and ZO-1 mRNA in small intestine tissue were reduced in group C and B as compared with group A [Occludin:(0.20±0.03),(0.38±0.02) vs.(0.66±0.03) ; ZO-1:(0.18±0.03),(0.37±0.02) vs.(0.63±0.03); both P＜0.05],and Occludin and ZO-1 mRNA expressions were less in group C than in group B (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The small intestinal mucosa thickness and villus height are reduced,the levels of Occludin and ZO-1 expressions are significantly decreased in small intestinal mucosa,and the intestinal barrier function is impaired with rat aging.

Objective To explore the effect of iron chelators on labile iron pool and expression of apoptosis associated genes in cells of K562, an erythroleukemia cell line.Methods K562 cells were incubated at 37 ℃ in RPMI 1640 containing 10% heat-inactived fetal bovine serum in an saturated humidity and 5% CO_2 incubator. K562 cells were incubated with different concentrations of desferro-(xamine(DFO)). The study groups were divided as following: DFO group, iron+DFO group and the control group. Following indices were detected which included apoptosis by flow cytometry (FCM) assay, expression of Rb, c-myc, bax mRNA by RT-PCR. The intracellular LIP was measured with a fluorimetric assay using the metalsensitive probe calcein-AM.Results 1. The viability of K562 cells incubated with different concentrations of DFO was lower than that of control group at 12 h,24 h and 48 h (P

Objective To discuss the value of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) in the early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods The IMA,cTnI, CK-MB and ECG were detected in 103 patients with suspected ACS (45 cases of NICP and 58 cases of ACS) within 5 hours of acute chest pain onset respectively. 30 healthy subjects were served as normal controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff of this assay for identifying individuals with ACS from non-ischemic individuals (nonischemic chest pain, NICP). Results of IMA,cTnI,CK-MB and ECG were correlated with the final diagnosis and their diagnostic sensitivities for ACS were evaluated. Results The results suggested that acute phase IMA values between those with ACS and NICP were (89.66 ± 25.82) U/ml, (46.79 ± 17.20) U/ml respectively and showed significant difference. Area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC was 0.935. As the Cut-off point was 71.6 U/ml, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of IMA were 90.6%, 71.4% , 82.8% and 83.3%, respectively. The simutanious positive rate of IMA for ischemia origin were 29.3% of cTnI,27.6% of CK-MB and 48.3% of ECG(P＜ 0.01). Conclusions Plasma IMA assessment is valuable for early diagnosis of acute coronary ischemia, and will improve the early diagnostic sensitivity of ACS significantly.

Objective To evaluate the value of two-dimension and color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) in diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis(DVT) for different segments of lower extremity compared with digital subtract angiography(DSA). Methods Fifty-eight patients suspected of DVT enrolled in the study. Every segment venous of affected extremities was observed by CDFI. All patients underwent DSA examination. CDFI findings were compared with the results of DSA. Statistical analysis was according to quadruple tabular form. The indexes include sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive rate and so on. Every segment of lower extremity deep venous was evaluated and analysis. Results Total of 150 vessels of fifty-eight patients were detected with CDFI and DSA. Evaluation findings of statistical analysis with quadruple tabular form as follows= sensitivity of common lilac vein was 82.6%, specificity was 66.7%; sensitivity of external lilac vein was 83.3%, specificity was 80.0%; sensitivity of hypogastria vein was 80.0 %, specificity was 66.7%;sensitivity of popliteal vein was 92.6 %, specificity was 92.2 % ;sensitivity of femoral vein was 96.2%, specificity was 93.8% ; sensitivity of anterior tibial vein was 71.4%, specificity was 75.0%; sensitivity of posterior tibial veins was 72.7%, specificity was 75.0%. Conclusions As the first-choice examination for DVT, ultrasonography has different diagnostic value for different segment of venous. It is more sensitive and accurate for femoral, popliteal and external iliac veins thrombus, but less sensitive for anterior,posterior tibial veins and bypass circuit vessels.

Traditional Chinese medicine Polygoni Multiflori Radix is dried roots of Polygonaceae Polygortum multiflorum Thunb. Its clinical application records were first discovered in literatures of the Tang dynasty. The origins, efficacy, toxicity, processing and taboos of Polygoni Multiflori Radix have been discussed in many ancient herb literatures. In recent years, with the increase in the public awareness in health, Polygoni Multiflori Radix admits preparations have been more widely applied in the treatment and prevention of diseases. However, there have been more and more reports about Polygoni Multiflori Radix induced liver injury, the safety of Polygoni Multiflori Radix has increasingly attracted attention of the society. In this paper, the authors summarized and analyzed the toxicity and medication risk factors of Polygoni Multiflori Radix recorded in ancient herb literatures, and proposed that more attention shall be given to the effect of the planting and processing methods on the components and toxicity of Polygoni Multiflori Radix in safety studies, which provides clues for the further studies.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; history ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Polygonum ; adverse effects ; Risk Assessment

In order to identify Cimicifugae Rhizoma from its adulterants and to ensure its safe use, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and its adulterants were amplified and bidirectionally sequenced by DNA barcoding technology. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed by the CodonCode Aligner V3.7.1. The genetic distances were computed by MEGA 5.0. Identification analyses were performed using neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. The length of ITS2 sequence of the three origin plants of Cimicifugae Rhizoma include Cimicifuga heracleifolia, C. foetida, C. dahurica was 217, 219 and 219 bp, respectively. Their intraspecific genetic distance was much lower than the interspecific genetic distance with their closely related species. The NJ tree of ITS2 indicated that the three origin plants of Cimicifugae Rhizoma formed a monophyletic clade, Cimicifugae Rhizoma and its adulterants could be distinguished clearly. The authors proposed that ITS2 sequence was suitable for the authentication of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and its adulterants.
Base Sequence ; China ; Cimicifuga ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; classification ; genetics

The adverse reaction monitoring is important in warning the risks of traditional Chinese medicines at an early stage, finding potential quality problems and ensuring the safe clinical medication. In the study, efforts were made to investigate the risk signal mining techniques in line with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicines, particularly the complexity in component, processing, compatibility, preparation and clinical medication, find early risk signals of traditional Chinese medicines and establish a traditional Chinese medicine safety evaluation system based on adverse reaction risk signals, in order to improve the target studies on traditional Chinese medicine safety, effective and timely control risks and solve the existing frequent safety issue in traditional Chinese medicines.
China ; epidemiology ; Drug Evaluation ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing

Objective To observe the effects of deep electroacupuncture on carlilage tissue in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbits. Meth-ods 40 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal group (A, n=10) and model group (n=30). The model group was modeled KOA with Hulth-Telhag way, and identified with X-ray. Then they were divided into no-treated group (B, n=10), deep electroacupuncture group (C, n=10) and routine electroacupuncture group (D, n=10) randomly. The groups C and D accepted electroacupuncture since 6 weeks after modeling, for 4 weeks. They were measured with pH of joint fluid, observed structure and pathology of cartilage under transmission electron microscope, detected apoptosis index, and determined the expression of acid-sensing ion channel 1 (ASIC1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) and p53 with Western blotting, and distribution of ASIC1 with immunohistochemistry in cartilage tissue. Re-sults The pHs of joint fluid from high to low were ranged as the groups A=C>D>B (P<0.01). The cartilage structure was more complete in the groups A, C and D than in the group B. The apoptosis rates from less to more were ranged as the groups A=C