Teacher's career development in British medical school has experienced a very long process from establish to gradually mature.So far,it has already set up its system and its own characters in strategy and teacher's self-development.By analyzing characters of teacher's career development in British medical school including teacher development center,teacher's self-development and assessment for medical educators,we aimed to raise enlightenments on teacher's career development in China.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the real-time tissue elastography (RTE)and AST/PLT ratio in-dex (APRI)for the assessment of the early stage liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease patients.Methods Totally 90 patients with chronic liver disease were enrolled in the present study.The RTE score and the area percentage of the blue color (AREA,one of the elastic characteristics),the AST and PLT were recorded.Compared the results among different stages of liver fibrosis reported by biopsy considered as the gold standard for the assessment of liver fibrosis.The accuracy of the diagnosis of liver fibrosis by RTE scores,AREA and APRI were compared.Results RTE scores,AREA and APRI increased with the stage of liver fibrosis. Taking ≥S1 as the diagnosis standard of the early stage liver fibrosis,the area under the curve of ROC for RTE scores,AREA and APRI were 0.88,0.92,0.76 (P <0.05).Conclusion RTE is a new and promising sonography-based noninvasive method for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.Combined RTE with APRI have great clinical significance in di-agnosing the early stage liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease patients.

Objective To histomorphometricly assess changes occurred in the alveolar ridge following different methods of socket preservation and to compare them against natural healing without interventions. Methods The second、 third and fourth mandibular premolars were extracted from six beagles. Six extraction sites in each dog were randomly assigned to three treatments as follows:natural healing (T1), Bio-Oss Collagen (T2) and immediate implant with Bio-Oss (T3). Six month after surgery, the dogs were euthanized and tissue samples were sectioned, fixed and mounted, then were stained with toluidine blue. The histologic studies and morphological measurements were performed by using an optical microscope and a digital image software. Results Reabsorption in the buccal aspect of the alveolar crest of ridge was showed in all groups. With respect to the mean vertical bone loss of the buccal bone plate, T3 is lower than T1 and T2(P<0.001 ), while no significant differences were observed between T1 and T2. With regard to horizontal dimension of the alveolar process , a statistical significance could be found at 3mm and 4mm below the crest of ridge in group T1 and T3(P=0.017, P=0.042), while no statistical differences were found between other groups. Conclusions Both techniques of alveolar ridge preservation were not able to completely preserve the original bone volume after tooth extraction. Immediate implant placement in combination with Bio-Oss seems to have the potential to limit the reabsorption of the alveolar process efficiently , but the bone preserving effect of Bio-Oss Collagen is undesirable.

Objective To study the anti-dermatophytic effect of chitosan-acetate solution and to determine the antifungal MIC. Methods To determine the antifungal MIC of chitosan and acetic acid by agar dilution method,respectively. Results Both antifungi MIC of chitosan to Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton tonsurans were 2500mg?L~ -1 ,and to Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Microsporum gypseum,C. albicans were 5000mg?L~ -1;while the antifungi MIC of acetic acid to Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton tonsurans were 630mg?L~ -1, to Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Microsporum gypseum,Candida albicans were 1260mg?L~ -1. Conclusion Chitosan and acetic acid show inhibitory effect on the growth of dermatophytes.

Objective To evaluate the changes of left ventricular regional function in normal subjects with aging and the influencing factors by Doppler tissue imaging. Methods One hundred and twelve normal subjects were divided into four groups according to age: I group with age≤18 years old ; II group with 18 60 years old. Using a quantitative tissue velocity analysis system and tissue tracking, the peak velocities of different ventricular segments at systole, early and late diastole (Vs, Ve,Va) , the Ve/Va ratios were obtained and the effects of age, gender, heart rate and STd were analyzed. Results (1) Peak velocities of different segments of each wall were decreased one by one from mitral annulus, the basal, middle segment to the apical portion. (2) Peak velocities of different ventricular walls were significantly different, with the antero- and posterio-inter-ventricular septum being the lowest CVe (6. 89?2. 60) ,(7. 94?2. 64)cm/s]and with the latero-,posterio-,antero, and inferior walls of the left ventricle being higherCVe (9. 85?3. 02) , (9. 80?3. 09), (8. 86?3. 16), (8. 23?2. 48) cm/s] . (3) Peak velocities of different segments were associated with age, STd, BMI, heart rate and not associated with gender. (4) The Ve/Va ratios were increased one by one from mitral annulus, basal, middle segment to apical portion, and were significantly lower in III group and IV group than in I group and II group. Conclusions Peak velocities of different segments at different walls change regularly and age is the most important influencing factor to the diastolic velocities.

AlM:To construct recombination eukaryotic expression plasmid of human thyrotropin receptor extracellular domain encapsulated with cationic liposomes.
METHODS:We amplified the target gene of shuttle vector PHMCMVTSHR289, conjugated the target gene and eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3. 1 +, and accredited whether pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 was connected or not by enzymatic digestion and sequencing. Cationic liposomes encapsulated the recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289.
RESULTS: Recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 digested with enzyme Hindlll and the fragment through 0. 8% gel electrophoresis showed 512bp strip. Recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 were found synonymous mutation through forward ( AAC to AAT ) and reverse sequencing ( GCG to GCT) . The volume ratio of cationic liposomes and recombinant plasmid was 3:1.
CONCLUSlON: lt is successful to construct the recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 by accredit it through enzymatic digestion and sequencing.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of repeated HIV antibody tests among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Wuhan City, so as to provide insights into the development of interventions against AIDS among MSM. Methods: MSM with self-reported homosexual behaviors in a community studio in Wuhan City were recruited using a convenient sampling method from January to April 2019, and participants' demographic features, sexual behaviors, HIV antibody tests and recognition of HIV antibody tests were collected using questionnaires. Factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 300 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a mean age of (31.06±10.24) years. Among all the participants, 196 participants had the first homosexual behaviors over 18 years of age (65.33%), 107 participants were insertive partners (35.67%), and 125 participants received sex-transmitted diseases (STDs) tests in the past six months (41.67%). The mean score for recognizing the risk of HIV infection was 12.41±3.09, for HIV antibody test self-efficiency was 17.07±2.12, and for perceived social supports was 17.42±2.41. A total of 287 respondents received HIV antibody tests (95.67%), including 192 participants receiving repeated HIV antibody tests (64.00%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age of >18 years for the first homosexual sex behavior (OR=0.404, 95%CI: 0.223-0.734), receiving STDs tests in the past six months (OR=3.896, 95%CI: 2.145-7.076), sex role as receptive partners or both receptive and insertive partners (OR=0.502, 95%CI: 0.275-0.917), satisfying with HIV antibody test services (OR=2.955, 95%CI: 1.311-6.660), and high score for HIV antibody test self-efficiency (OR=1.149, 95%CI: 1.005-1.314) were factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests among MSM. Conclusions The detection of repeated HIV antibody tests was 64.00% among MSM in Wuhan City in 2019, and age for the first homosexual behavior, STDs tests, sex role, evaluation of HIV antibody test services and self-efficiency of HIV antibody tests may be factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests among MSM.

This study examined the effect of cholic acid (CA) on cultured cardiac myocytes (CMs) from neonatal rats with an attempt to explore the possible mechanism of sudden fetal death in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Inverted microscopy was performed to detect the impact of CA on the beating rates of rat CMs. MTT method was used to study the effect of CA on the viability of CMs. CMs cultured in vitro were incubated with 10 μmol/L Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescence indicator fluo-3/AM. The fluorescence signals of free calcium induced by CA were measured under a laser scanning confocal microscope. The results showed that CA decreased the beating rates of the CMs in a dose-dependent manner. CA could suppress the activities of CMs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. CA increased the concentration of intracellular free calcium in a dose-dependent manner. Our study suggested that CA could inhibit the activity of CMs by causing calcium overload, thereby leading to the sudden fetal death in ICP.

Bel1, a transactivator of prototype foamy virus (PFV), plays pivotal roles in the replication of PFV. Previous studies have shown that Bel1 bears a nuclear localization signal (NLS), but its amino acid sequence remains unclear and the corresponding importins have not been identified. In this report, we inserted various fragments of Bel1 into an EGFP-GST fusion protein and investigated their subcellular localization by fluorescence microscopy. We found that the 215PRQKRPR221 fragment could direct nuclear localization, which accords with the consensus sequence K(K/R)X(K/R) of monopartite NLS. Point mutation experiments revealed that K218, R219, and R221 are essential for the nuclear localization of Bel1. The results of the GST-pulldown showed that the Bel1 fragment with residues 215-223, which bears the NLS, interacts with KPNA1, KPNA6, and KPNA7. This result suggests that KPNA1, KPNA6, and KPNA7 maybe involved in Bel1 nuclear translocation.
Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Humans ; Nuclear Localization Signals ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Transport ; Retroviridae Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Retroviridae Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Spumavirus ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; Trans-Activators ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; alpha Karyopherins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the impacts on the cognitive level of the children with mental retardation (MR) treated with JIN's three scalp needling therapy and the training for cognitive and perceptual disturbance so as to seek the more effective therapeutic method for the treatment of MR in children. Methods Sixty-six MR children were randomized into a head-point needle-retaining therapy + training group (group A) and a training after acupuncture group (group B). Seven cases and 12 cases were dropped in the two groups respectively. Twenty-six cases accomplished the treatment in the group A and 21 cases in the group B. In the group A, the points on the head were stimulated and the needles were retained (30 min after the general acupuncture, the needles on the body points were removed; and those on the head points were retained for 1 h, including Sishenzhen, Naosanzhen, Zhisanzhen and Niesanzhen). Simultaneously, the training for the cognitive perceptual disturbance was combined. In the group B, 1 h after needle retaining at the body points and head points, all the needles were removed; the training for the cognitive perceptual disturbance was followed. The treatment was given once a day, and the treatment for 3 months was required. Before and after treatment, the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC) was used for evaluation and observation of verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) , performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) and full-scale intelligence quotient (TFIQ) and score changes of 11 items such as information, picture vocabu; lary, arithmetic, picture generalization, comprehension, etc.

RESULTSAfter treatment, FIQ, VIQ and PIQ scores were different significantly as compared with those before treatment (all P<0. 01). In the group A, the results of picture vocabulary, animal egg laying, maze, block design and geometric figure were all improved significantly (all P<0. 05). In the group B, the results of information, comprehension, block design and geometric figure were all improved significantly (all P<0. 05). After treatment, concerning the value difference in FIQ and PIQ of the two groups; the changes in the group A were more significant (both P<0. 01). After treatment, the results of picture vocabulary and maze were improved significantly in the group A as compared with the group B (both P<. 01). The IQ categories changed apparently after treatment in the two groups, toward the higher level in tendency generally, but without significant difference (both P>0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe simultaneous treatment with head point retaining of JIN's three needling therapy and the training for cognitive and perceptual disturbance obviously improves children patients' verbal comprehension, expression ability, hand-eye coordination ability, attention, logical reasoning ability and visual perception. The efficacy is better than that in the treatment of the training after acupuncture.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; psychology ; therapy ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Perception ; Scalp ; Treatment Outcome