Humans ; Tinnitus ; diagnosis ; therapy

It is well documented that altered biosynthesis of cell surface N-linked oligosaccharides is associated with the transformed cells and tumors.N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Ⅱ(GnT-II;EC 2.4.1.143)is a medial Golgi enzyme that catalyses the incorporation of a GlcNAc residue in ?-1,2 linkage to the Man-?-1,6 arm of the N-glycan core.This is an essential step in the biosynthetic pathway leading from hybrid to complex N-glycans.Because functional GnT-Ⅱ is an prerequisite of N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V performance,It was speculated that GnT-Ⅱ was involved in cancer development and progression.The expression of GnT-Ⅱ in mouse breast cancer cells 67NR and 4T1 which have different behavior of metastasis was analysed using RT-PCR.The amounts of GnT-Ⅱ in the highly metastatic cell 4T1 increased to 1.53 times of the lowly metastatic cell 67NR.To determine the association of GnT-Ⅱ with tumor progression,the GnT-Ⅱ encoding gene was amplified with RT-PCR and cloned into retrovirus vector pMSCV,resulting in pMSCV-GnT-Ⅱ.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into 4T1 and the transfected cells were selected in the medium containing puromycin,which were harvested to detect the adhesion ability to fibronection and the migration potential by transwell system.The cell adhesion to fibronectin was weakened by 67% and migration potential was increased by 82%.The data indicates that GnT-Ⅱ mediates cell adhesion and migration,thus may play an important role in cancer metastasis.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of large-dose alcohol sclerotherapy in treating simple hepatic cyst. Methods Patients with hepatic cyst were divided into two groups. One group with 49 patients was treated with small-dose (<80 ml) absolute alcohol instillation. The other one with 32 patients was treated with large-dose (≥80 ml) absolute alcohol instillation. Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was recorded right after and 30 rain, 1 h,2 h,3 h after the treatment. Diameter of cyst as a parameter of efficiency was recorded and compared between two groups during 1 year follow-up visit. Results Large-dose group was significantly more efficient in treating hepatic cyst than small-dose group. All BAC records were within the safe range and below the legal limit after drinking. BAC reached its peak 30 minutes after the treatment began and then decreased gradually. A significant correlation was found between BAC and the alcohol dosage. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy with repeated large-dose absolute alcohol instillation is a safe and efficient treatment for simple hepatic cyst from the perspective of BAC.

Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Dimethylformamide ; poisoning ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Necrosis ; Occupational Diseases ; therapy ; Poisoning ; pathology ; therapy

Objective To observe the effects of icarisid Ⅱ (ICS Ⅱ)on cognitive deficits and expression of synaptophysin(SYN)in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)rat models.Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal group,sham operation group,model group and ICSⅡgroup.The model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion(BCCAO).ICS Ⅱ group was administered ICS Ⅱ at a dose of 8mg·kg -1 ·d -1 by gavage on 1st day after modeling.Sham group and CCH group were injected double -distilled water.The escape latency(s)and spatial probe times were measured by water maze test.Then,the morphology change and expression of SYN in hippocampal were assayed by HE and immunohistochemistry analysis.Results At the 1st month and 2nd month,the escape latency in the model group[(40.02 ±4.95)s,(42.29 ±5.75)s]were significantly prolonged compared with the sham operation group[(26.43 ±2.68)s,(26.84 ±2.06)s](t =4.89,5.06,all P <0.05).And those in the ICS Ⅱ group[(30.58 ±3.03)s,(29.19 ±4.23)s]were significantly decreased compared with the model group(t =3.63,4.10,all P <0.05).The space probe times in the model group[(2.6 ±0.89)times, (2.40 ±1.14)times]were significantly reduced compared with the sham operation group[(6.00 ±2.16)times, (5.75 ±2.16)times](t =3.23,4.18,P <0.05).And those in the ICS Ⅱ group[(4.40 ±1.34)times,(5.00 ± 1.58)times]were significantly increased compared with the model group (t =2.49,2.98,all P <0.05).The average optical density of SYN in hippocampal in the model group[CA1:(0.121 ±0.009),(0.122 ±0.008);CA3:(0.172 ± 0.028),(0.173 ±0.021 )]were significantly reduced compared with the sham operation group[CA1:(0.131 ± 0.006),(0.136 ±0.007);CA3:(0.218 ±0.035),(0.204 ±0.018)](t =2.43,2.53,3.12,2.34,P <0.05). Those in the ICS Ⅱ group[CA1:(0.131 ±0.006),(0.132 ±0.006);(0.212 ±0.02),(0.208 ±0.022)]were significantly increased compared with model group(t =2.41,2.41,2.31,2.77,all P <0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference of those index between the normal group and sham operation group(P >0.05 ). Conclusion ICS Ⅱ can improve the cognitive deficits in CCH rat models and this effect may be associated with increased expressions of SYN in hippocampal.

Objective To study the expression profile of microRNA (miRNA) and the roles in pathogenesis of acute liver failure in mouse model. Methods Eighty-five BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: 40 in model group of acute liver failure were intraperitoneally injected with Dgalactosamine (D-GalN) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS); 20 in D-GalN group were injected with DGalN only; 20 in LPS group were injected with LPS only; 5 in control group were injected with saline.Liver histology of mouse was observed at hour 0, 5, 7 of injection, and sera and liver tissues were collected at hour 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 of injection. Meanwhile, levels of inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] in serum and liver tissue were detected by realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Lock nucleic acid (LNA)-based miRNA microarray technology was used to detect the expression profile of hepatic miRNA, and the expression of miRNA was verified by real time quantification-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Mouse macrophage Raw264.7 cells were induced by LPS in vitro and the expressions of miRNA at different time points were detected.The comparison of means among groups was analyzed using one way ANOVA and the correlation were analyzed by Pearson and Spearman correlation. Results Microarray analysis found that the expression profile of miRNA during the acute liver failure changed dramatically. There were 97 miRNA in model group changed significantly compared with control group (P＜0.01), including 21 up-regulated and 27down-regulated at hour 5 and 7 of injection. Furthermore, the expressions of miR 146a and miR-155were verified by RT-PCR and found they both increased progressively over time after injection.Correlation analysis showed that miR-155 was well correlated with both TNF-α and IL-6 expressions.It was further found that miR-146a and miR-155 were both up-regulated in activated Raw264.7 cells in vitro. Conclusions The expression profile of miRNA changes during acute liver failure in mouse model. Inflammation associated-miR-146a and miR-155 are both up-regulated significantly, which indicatcs that they may play an important regulatory role in pathogenesis of acute liver failurc.

Objective To evaluate risk factors for central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection(CRBSI)in intensive care unit(ICU)patients by Meta analysis. Methods Literatures about risk factors of CRBSI in ICU pa-tients were retrieved from databases of Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,CBM,CNKI,and WanFang Data,RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta analysis.Results There are 12 literatures in accordance with the inclusion criteria,with a total sample size of 14 422 cases,5 cohort studies and 7 case-control studies,the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS)scores were 4-6 points. According to Meta analysis,duration of indwelling catheter(WMD,12.25 [95%CI,5.55-18.94]),multi-cavity catheter(OR,3.52[95% CI,1.46-8.52]),femoral vein catheterization (OR,2.44[95%CI,1.34-4.46]),parenteral nutrition(O R,2.47[95% CI,1.18-5.21]),length of stay in ICU(WMD,10.01[95%CI,4.17-15.85]),APACHE II score(WMD,4.46[95%CI,1.25-7.66]),and dia-betes mellitus(OR,1.83[95% CI,1.08-3.09])were significantly different in each group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Risk factors for CRBSI in ICU patients are duration of indwelling catheter,multi-cavity catheter,femo-ral vein catheterization,parenteral nutrition,length of stay in ICU,APACHE II score,and diabetes mellitus. However,due to the limitation of methodological quality of included studies,more strictly designed and large sam-ple prospective studies are needed to verify the result.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Collagen Type III ; metabolism ; Collagen Type IV ; metabolism ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; pathology ; HSP47 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on the pathogenesis of preeclampsia disease,by detecting the expression of PEDF in the placentas,as well as the relationship between PEDF and the production of placental vessels.Methods A study was performed in 60 cases of pregnant women with preeclampsia in the obstetrical department of Nanfang Hospital affiliated to southern medical university from October 2011 to January 2013,in which 30 cases were patients with mild preeclampsia(mPE) and other 30 cases were those with severe preeclampsia (sPE).40 normal pregnant women who also been hospitalized and delivered were selected as control group.The expression of PEDF and micro-vessel density (MVD) in placentas were assayed by using western blot and SP immunohistochemical method,then the relationship between PEDF and MVD was analyzed.Results (1) The pathological changes of placentas:the placental weight were lightened obviously in the mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia groups,the reduced blood vessels and luminal stegnosis were found in chorionic villus,basement membrane of trophocytes were thickening.The hyperplasia syneytiotrophoblast were like nodosity,with focus infarction,fibrinoid necrosis,or thrombogenesis.While there was no the above mentioned pathological alteration in normal control group.(2)The levels of PEDF expression in mild and severe preeclampsia group were 0.63 ± 0.09,0.93 ± 0.07,while 0.47 ± 0.04 in control group,which in mild and sever preeclampsia groups were significantly higher than that in normal group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to mild preeclampsia group,the expression of PEDF was significantly increased in severe preeclampsia group,there was statistical significance between the difference (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The amount of microvessel density (MVD) in mild and severe preeclampsia group were 106 ±9,93 ±8,while 136 ±9 in control group,which were significantly reduced in mild and severe preeclampsia group,compared to that in normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).And it was significantly lower in severe preeclampsia group than that in mild preeclampsia group (P ＜ 0.05).(4) The expression of PEDF was negatively correlated with the amount of MVD in mild and severe preeclampsia group (r =-0.426,P ＜ 0.05 ; and r =-0.646,P ＜ 0.05 respectively),which was also negative in control group (r =-0.589,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Increased PEDF expression in placentas of women with preeclampsia induce the dysfunction of the placental vascular reconstruction and the pathological alteration like ischemic and hypoxia in placentas,which may be involved in pathogenesis and pathogenic progress of preeclampsia.

Objective To investigate the effects of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL) on renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis and apoptosis-regulated protein fas,bcl-2 in rat renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI).Methods Renal IRI models of rats were established.Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,including control group,IRI model group and NGAL group.The pathological change of kidney tissue was investigated by hemotoxylin-eosin staining.Renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method.Expression of fas and bcl-2 was measured by real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results Compared with IRI model group,NGAL group showed a decreased number of renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis [(8.6±3.4)/HP vs (20.8±3.7)/HP,P＜0.05],down-regulated fas mRNA (2.34±0.51 vs 6.84±2.34,P＜ 0.05),fas protein (0.65±0.05 vs 0.95±0.08,P＜0.05) and up-regulated bcl-2 protein (0.33±0.05 vs 0.24±0.03,P＜0.05),but the bcl-2 mRNA had no significant change.Conclusion NGAL can protect renal tubular epithelial cells in renal IRI,which may be associated with decreasing cell apoptosis and adjusting protein expression by apoptosis-regulated cytokines.