OBJECTIVETo measure the levels of urinary prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with or without overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and determine whether urinary PGE2 can serve as a biomarker for BPH-related OAB.

METHODSThis study included 86 BPH patients and 34 male control subjects without lower urinary tract symptoms. Based on the OAB symptom scores (OABSS), the BPH cases were classified as BPH/OAB (n =49) and BPH/non-OAB (n = 37) to be treated orally with tamsulosin alone and tamsulosin + tolterodine-tartrate, respectively, for 12 weeks. We measured the urinary PGE2 levels of all the subjects by ELISA before and after medication, the total PGE2 level normalized to the concentration of the urinary creatinine (PGE2/Cr). We also obtained the residual urine volume, Qmax, prostate volume, PSA level, IPSS and OABSS of the BPH patients, and compared them among different groups.

RESULTSThe baseline PGE2/Cr level was significantly lower in the control than in the BPH/OAB and BPH/non-OAB groups (both P <0.05), and higher in the BPH/OAB than in the BPH/non-OAB patients (P <0.05). After 12 weeks'treatment, the urinary PGE2/Cr level was remarkably decreased with relief of the OAB symptoms in the BPH/OAB patients (P <0.05) , but not in the BPH/non-OAB group (P >0.05). The concentration of PGE2 was not correlated with the IPSS storage score and OABSS of the BPH/OAB patients (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONPatients with BPH/OAB have significantly higher urinary PGE2/Cr levels than those with BPH/non-OAB and normal controls, which tend to decrease with the alleviation of OAB symptoms. Our findings suggest that urinary PGE2 can be a potential biomarker for BPH/OAB.

Aged ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Case-Control Studies ; Dinoprostone ; urine ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; urine ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; complications ; urine

Objective To investigate the early influences of laser photocoagulation on retinal function in diabetic retinopathy(DR). Methods The multifocal electroretinograms (MERG) of 30 eyes with DR (phase Ⅲ～Ⅳ) were tested with visual evoked response image system IV before,and the 3 rd day and the 7 th day after laser photocoagulation. Results Three days after photocoagulation, the latency of N1 prolonged in the central macula 5? area and superionasal quadrant.The response densities of N1,P1 and N2 markedly reduced, and most significant changes occurred in the central macula 5? area and then in the central 10?area. There were also differences in the changes of the amplitude of N1 and P1 in different quadrants .The changes of visual acuity were positively related to the decrease of amplitudes of N1,P1 and N2 in the macula. Conclusion The reduction of response densities in MERG reveals functional damage in diabetic retina occurring early after photocoagulation.The functional damage in macula induced indirectly by photocoagulation may explain the reduction of visual acuity after panretinal photocoagulation in some degree.

Objective To investigate the early effects of intervention with tanakan on retinal function in diabetic retinopathy(DR) after laser photocoagulation. Methods Prospective random controlled study was performed on 60 Patients (60 eyes) from 23 to 69 years old with DR(phase Ⅲ～Ⅳ). The multifocal electroretinograms (MERG) were tested with VERIS Ⅳ before , the 3rd day and the 7th day after photocoagulation. Results No significant differences were found in the latencies and response densities of N1,P1 and N2 between the two groups before photocoagulation. Compared with that before photocoagulation, three days after photocoagulation the latencies in tanakan group had no significant change. The response densities of N1,P1 and N2 reduced and the changes were much smaller than that in control. Three days after photocoagulation ,the response densities of P1 and N2 in the central macula 5? area were much higher and the latencies of P1 and N2 were significantly shorter than that in control group. There were no significant differences in the response densities in the 7th day and the differences in the latencies between two groups still existed. Conclusion Tanakan may be effective in preventing the retina from damage of retinal photocoagulation in some degree in DR.

BACKGROUND: Patient subjective satisfaction is of great significance for the clinical use of implant denture.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the patient satisfaction with single or bridge crown for repair of consecutive missing posterior teeth in the maxilla.METHODS: We selected 203 patients with consecutive missing of maxillary first and second molar teeth, who had received single (n=99) or bridge (n=104) crown for implant restoration 1 year ago. All patients were surveyed with a subjective satisfaction questionnaire and visual analogue scale.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in sex and age (35-64 years) between the two groups. Food impaction ratio and crown off ratio were higher in the bridge crown group than the single crown group.Noticeably, most patients did not have the habit of using dental floss. The overall satisfaction scores were 88.96% in the single crown group and 85.32% in the bridge crown group, respectively. Four indexes with less than 80 scores in the two groups were that I dare to use the implant teeth to bite hard food, my implant teeth are easily cleaned, it takes me less time to clean my implant teeth than natural teeth, and I think the dental implant price is acceptable. Results from the analysis of variance showed that food impaction influenced chewing effect (P=0.047), made the use of dental floss difficult (P=0.031), made patients discomfort (P=0.038), and the use of dental floss could enhance the cleaning effect on dental implant (P=0.019), and largely reduced brushing bleeding (P=0.029). In conclusion, patients with missing maxillary posterior teeth can obtain higher satisfaction after single crown or bridge crown repair. However, food impaction and crown off become more serious after repair with bridge crown, while the repair with single crown exhibits better performance.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of the changes of interleukin-6(IL-6) contents in serum and urine in children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS).Methods The contents of IL-6 in serum and urine in 38 cases of PNS were exa-(mined) by ELISA before and after treatment with prednisone 2 mg/(kg?d) for 8 weeks.Results Before the treatment with prednisone,the contents of IL-6 in serum in steroid-responsive group and steroid-resistant group were significantly higher than those in the normal controls(P0.05).In the steroid-responsive group and steroid-resistant group,the levels of IL-6 in urine were significantly higher than those in the normal controls(P0.05).The contents of IL-6 in steroid-resistant group in serum and urine had significant difference in the comparison with the normal controls(P

Objective To investigate the association between a 27-bp variable number of tandem repeat(VNTR) polymorphism of the endothetial nitric-oxide synthase(eNOS)gene and transient ischemic attack(TIA) of brain.Methods Polymerase chain reaction was performed for the genotypes of all patients and control subjects.Data were compared between patients and control subjects using ?~(2)test. Results The genotype ab distribution and allele a frequencies of eNOS gene were significantly higher in TIA group(25.0%,14.3%) than in control group(16.3%,9.2%)(P

Objective To investigate the use situation of sunscreen agent in the sunblock cosmetics.Methods Statistic analysis was performed in the kinds,frequencies,dosages of sunsereen agents and the mark dosage coincidence in 414 cosmetics from Sep.2004 to Aug.2007.Results Fourteen kinds of sunscreen agents including phenylbenzimidazole sulphonic acid and its potassium,sodium and triethanolamine salts,benzophenone-4,benzophenone-5,benzophenone-3,isopentyl p-methoxycirmamate, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor,ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA,butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane,octocrylene,ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate,ethylhexyl salicylate,ethylhexyl triazone,methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol,bis- ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine were detected in 414 cosmetics.The use frequency of ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate was above 90%,butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane was 30%,benzophenone-3 and ethylhexyl salicylate were 15% and 11% respectively,and others were less than 10%.The rate of exceed standard limit of ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate,octocrylene, ethylhexyl salicylate,4-methylbenzylidene camphor ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA were 0.24%,0.97%,1.21%,0.48% and 0.24% respectively.The mark dosage coincidence rate of 14 kinds of sunscreen agents were from 42.9% to 89.5%.Conclusion The many kinds of sunscreen agents were used in the sunblock cosmetics,so the special attention should be paid to the cosmetics safety.

Purpose To investigate the effects of intervention with Tanakan on anterior ocular segment in diabetic retinopathy (DR) after retinal photocoagulation. Methods Prospective random controlled study was performed on 72 patients (72 eyes) with ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM),by obtaining and quantitatively analyzing the changes of anterior ocular segment including anterior chamber, anterior chamber angle, ciliary body and choroids before and the 3rd day and the 7th day after retinal photocoagulation. Results Three days after photocoagulation, significant elevated IOP and narrowed chamber angle were observed in control group and 4 eyes (11.11%) in Tanakan group (P

Purpose To investigate the relationship between the changes of the thickness of retina in macula and the abnormalities in multifocal electroretinograms (mERG) in diabetic retinopathy. Methods mERG and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination were performed in 38 patients (60 eyes) with DR (phase Ⅲ～Ⅳ). The data were processed with software SPSS and line relation analysis was done. Results The response densities of N 1, P 1 and N 2 in central 5? area was significantly negative related to the thickness of neuroretina in macular fovea (correlation efficient -0.252～-0.266, P

Objective To investigate the early influences of laser photocoagulation on macular retinal thickness in diabetic retinopathy(DR). Methods Optic coherence tomography examination was performed in 30 eyes with DR(phase Ⅲ~Ⅳ) before, and on the 3rd day and the 7th day after photocoagulation respectively. The thickness of neuroretina and pigment epithelium were measured in the areas of fovea macula and 750 ?m from fovea macula. Results Three days after photocoagulation, significant thickening of neuroretina was observed in the fovea macula, which is positively related with age, fasting blood sugar and duration of DR. There was no significant changes in the thickness of pigment epithelium in macula and in the thickness of neuroretina 750 ?m from fovea macula. Conclusion Significant thickening of neuroretina in fovea macula in DR early after photocoagulation reveals progressed macular edema induced by photocoagulation which is positively related with age, fasting blood sugar and duration of DR.