Background:Serum levels of pepsinogen( PG),gastrin-17( G-17)and Helicobacter pylori( Hp)infection are closely associated with gastric cancer. Studies on relationship of serum levels of PG and G-17 with Hp infection in Uygur and Han population with gastric cancer in Xinjiang area are rare. Aims:To investigate serum levels of PG and G-17 and their relationships with Hp infection in Uygur and Han population with gastric cancer in Xinjiang area. Methods:A total of 198 Uygur and 50 Han gastric cancer patients were enrolled,and healthy people with the same race were served as normal controls. Serum levels of PGⅠ,PGⅡ,G-17 were determined by ELISA,PGⅠ/ PGⅡ ratio(PGR)was calculated. Urea breath test and stool Hp antigen test were used to detect Hp infection. Results:Serum PGⅠ level and PGR in Uygur and Han patients with gastric cancer were significantly decreased than those in corresponding control groups(P < 0. 05),and serum levels of PGⅡ and G-17 were significantly increased(P < 0. 05). Serum PGⅠ level and PGR in Uygur gastric cancer patients were significantly decreased than those in Han gastric cancer patients(P < 0. 05),and serum G-17 level was significantly increased(P < 0. 05). Hp infection rate in Uygur and Han patients with gastric cancer were significantly increased than those in corresponding control groups( P < 0. 05). Serum level of PG Ⅰ and PGR were significantly decreased in Han gastric cancer patients with Hp-positive than in Hp-negative patients,and serum levels of PGⅡ and G-17 were significantly increased(P < 0. 05). Serum levels of PGⅠ,PGⅡ and G-17 were significantly increased in Uygur gastric cancer patients with Hp-positive than in Hp-negative patients,PGR was significantly decreased(P < 0. 05). Serum levels of PGⅠ,PGⅡ and PGR were significantly increased in Uygur gastric antral cancer patients than in gastric corpus cancer and proximal gastric cancer patients(P < 0. 05). Conclusions:Decreased serum PGⅠ level,PGR and increased serum level of G-17 can be used as biomarkers to screen gastric cancer in Uygur and Han population in Xinjiang area. Hp infection in Uygur and Han patients with gastric cancer is related to the changes of serum level of PGⅠ,PGR and G-17.

Objective To compare the efficacy of different doses of esomeprazole based quadruple therapy on Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) eradication in Uygur population, and to study the relationship between H.pylori eradication and dyspepsia symptoms in H.pylori caused gastritis.Methods From August 2015 to May 2016, Uygur patients diagnosed with H.pylori positive superficial gastritis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Kashgar Prefecture were recruited.According to random number table, patients were divided into single-dose group, standard-dose group and high-dose group.In single-dose group patients received esomeprazole 40 mg, once per day;in standard-dose group patients received esomeprazole 20 mg, twice per day;and in high-dose group patients received esomeprazole 40 mg, twice per day;besides esomeprazole the treatment of three groups were all combination of amoxicillin, clarithromycin and bismuth, magnesium compound granules.The treatment course of all three groups was 14 days.The H.pylori eradication rate, clinical efficacy, symptom score and adverse drug reaction were compared.The H.pylori eradication rate was evaluated with intention to treat analysis (ITT) and per-protocol sets (PP).Chi square test, t test and one-way analysis of vaiance were used for statistical comparison.Results A total of 248 patients were enrolled,82 cases in single-dose group, 83 cases in standard-dose group and 83 cases in high-dose group.There were five, five and six cases lose to follow-up or dropped out respectively in single-dose, standard-dose and high-dose group.The results of ITT analysis showed that the eradication rates of H.pylori in single-dose group, standard-dose group and high-dose group were 62.2%(51/82),77.1%(64/83) and 89.2%(74/83),respectively;the differences between each two groups were statistically significant (x2=4.34,16.33 and 4.30, all P<0.05).The results of PP analysis showed that H.pylori eradication rates of single-dose group, standard-dose group and high dose group were 66.2%(51/77),82.1%(64/78) and 96.1%(74/77),respectively;the differences between each two groups were statistically significant (x2=5.06, 22.47 and 7.84, all P<0.05).After four weeks of eradication therapy, the total dyspepsia symptom scores of single-dose group, standard-dose group and high dose group were all significantly lower than those before treatment (52.3±27.1 vs 99.4±44.1, 38.2±25.4 vs 101.0±48.9 and 28.8±16.1 vs 99.9±46.6), and the differences were statistically significant(t=5.88, 8.79 and 9.11, all P<0.01).After treatment, the total dyspepsia symptom scores of standard-dose group and high-dose group were both lower than that of single-dose group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.78 and 2.91, both P<0.01).The score of upper abdominal pain, epigastric burning, abdominal distention and symptom total score of high-dose group were all lower than those of standard dose group (4.8±3.9 vs 8.1±3.5, 3.1±2.5 vs 5.8±4.1, 7.9±6.8 vs 10.5±9.6 and 28.8±16.1 vs 38.2±25.4), and the differences were statistically significant (t=1.52,1.08,1.23 and 1.96, all P<0.01).After four weeks of treatment, the total efficacy rates of single-dose, standard-dose and high-dose group were 45.5%(35/77), 74.4%(58/78) and 87.0%(67/77),respectively.There were statistically significant differences between each two groups of three groups (x2=13.49, 29.73 and 3.98, all P<0.05).The incidences of adverse drug reaction of single-dose, standard-dose and high-dose group were 6.5%(5/77), 7.7%(6/78) and 7.8%(6/77),respectively;there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups (all P>0.05).Conclusions High dose of esomeprazole based quadruple therapy can increase the eradication rate of H.pylori in Uygur population, and H.pylori eradication therapy can significantly improve the dyspepsia symptoms of H.pylori caused gastritis in Uygur.High dose of esomeprazole may improve the clinical efficacy of H.pylori caused gastritis with dyspeptic symptoms in Uygur with safety.

Objective To observe the effect of rapid reduction of physical activity on bone mass (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD)and bone metabolism in growing rats. Methods 48 male SD rats were divided into the high-intensity exercise group (T1, n=12), high tolow-intensity exercise group (T2, n=12), low-intensity exercise group (T3, n=12) and control group (Con, n=12). During the first 6 weeks,the rats in T1 and T2 group ran on treadmill with high intensity, while rats in T3 group took low-intensity treadmill exercise. 6 rats were sacrificedfrom each group at the end of 6th week. BMC, BMD of femur were measured with DEXA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin(BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) were detected with ELISA. The exercise intensity of T2 group was reduced rapidly to alow level as in T3 group, but remained in the other 2 groups. At the end of the second 6 weeks, the other rats were investigated again. ResultsCompared with the first measurements, ALP and BGP of the T2 group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and TRACP increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BMC and BMD of femur (P>0.05). Conclusion Rapid reduction of physical activity can suppressbone formation and stimulate bone resorption of long bone among growing rats.

Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by progressive loss of neurons in specific brain regions that results in neuronal dysfunction of the central nervous system. Although the pathological mechanism is not fully established, the activation of glial cells mediated neuroinflammation appears to be involved. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is originally described as intracellular chaperone, which plays an important role in protein quality control in cells. However, recent study showed that up-regulation of HSP70 had anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. HSP70 protected neurons from damage and improved neurological function by decreasing inflammatory response as indicated by inactivation of glial cells and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. So it is of great significance to find new compounds targeting at HSP70 as neuroprotective agents to delay the progress of neurodegenerative disease. This review will focus on the role of HSP70 in neuroinflammation and the recent advances in using HSP70 as a target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
Brain ; physiopathology ; Cytokines ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; physiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; physiopathology ; Neurons ; pathology ; Neuroprotection ; Up-Regulation

Objective To investigate the effects of Kinesio taping on function of knees in girls. Methods 20 female students were tested the peak torque of centripedal and eccentric contraction of knee flexion and extension with Biodex isokinetic testing at 60°/s angular velocity, with Kinesio taping, placebo taping and without taping. Their amplitude root of mean square (RMS) of surface electromyography of vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RM) and vastus lateralis (VL) were also recorded. Results For centripedal isokinetic contraction, the relative extensors peak torque was the most as Kinesio taping (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in relative flexor peak torque (P> 0.05). Standardized RMS of VM and VL were the least as Kinesio taping (P<0.01), but not significantly different of RF among all the conditions (P>0.05). For eccentric isokinetic contraction, the relative extensor peak torque of both extensors and flexors were the most as Kinesio taping (P<0.01), while the Standardized RMS of VM and VL were the least (P<0.01), but no significant difference was observed in RF (P> 0.05). Conclusion Kinesio taping may enhance the strength of centripedal, eccentric contractions of quadriceps and eccentric contractions of hamstring, and increase the muscle fibers recruitment of VM and VL.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Virus Diseases ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Viruses ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To discuss perioperative features, operative approach and surgical effects of spinal tuberculosis in older patients. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 45 patients with spinal tuberculosis ranging in age from 61 to 78 years (average, 67 years). The lesion was located in thoracic vertebrae in 9 patients, thoracolumbar vertebrae in 14, lumbar in 16, and lumbosacral in 6. Preoperative Frankel grades were B in 7 cases, C in 21, D in 11 and E in 6. Among them, 21 had cardio-cerebrovascular disease, 10 had diabetes mellitus. With preoperative medicine and chemotherapy for 2-3 weeks, all patients were treated surgically. The surgical procedures included: 1) Posterior focus debridement, bone grafting and one-stage posterior transpedicular screw system fixation in thoracic vertebrae (T2-T7). 2) Anterior debridement, bone grafting and one-stage posterior transpedicular instrumental fixation in lumbosacral vertebrae (L5-S1). 3) Anterior focus elimination, bone grafting and one-stage anterior plate fixation in the other vertebrae. Results Forty-five patients were followed up for 24 to 40 months, with the average of 28.5 months. No severe complication occurred during and after operation. Forty-four cases had recovered and 1 recurred. Spinal fusion occurred 12-18 months after operation. Frankel neurological grades improved significantly. Conclusion With the effective management of comorbidities in perioperative period,the elderly could tolerate surgical treatment. The appropriate approaches, thorough debridement and reasonable bone grafting with internal fixation are key to therapeutic success.

As human beings ascend to high altitude, a number of reactions may occur against hypoxic injuries. These hypoxic responses are related to intake, transportation and utility of the oxygen. As a crucial subcellular organelle of oxygen utility, mitochondrion is a central link of high altitude acclimatization, adaptation and mountain sicknesses. In this review, we discussed the recent advances in researches on hypoxic mitochondrial responses at high altitude.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; Animals ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Mitochondria ; pathology ; Oxygen ; physiology

Background and purpose:Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most important therapeutic tools for esophageal cancer. Because tumors are heterogeneous, including for18F-FDG uptake and, most likely, for radioresistance, selective boosting of high FDG uptake zones within the tumor has been suggested. Therefore, it is critical to know whether the location of these high FDG uptake patterns within the tumor remains stable during RT.Methods:Twenty-two patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with concurrent chemo-radiation underwent repeated18F-FDG PET-CT scans before RT and after 20 fractions of RT. On all scans, the high and low FDG uptake regions were auto-delineated using several standard uptake value (SUV) thresholds, varying from 40% to 70% of SUVmax on the pretreatment scan [gross tumor volume (GTV)40%pre, GTV50%pre, GTV60%pre, GTV70%pre] and from 70% to 90% of SUVmax on the dur-treatment scan (GTV70%dur, GTV80%dur, GTV90%dur) and ifxed thresholds of 2.5 and 5 (GTV2.5pre, GTV5pre). The volumes and overlap fractions (OF) of these delineations were calculated to demonstrate the stability of the high FDG uptake regions during RT.Results:The high uptake regions within the tumor during RT largely corresponded (OF>70%) with the 50% SUVmax high FDG uptake area (GTV50%pre) of the pretreatment scan. The hotspot within the residual area (GTV90%dur) was completely within the GTV and pre-radiotherapy high uptake regions (OF=100%). Although the location of the high FDG uptake patterns within the tumor during RT remained stable, the delineated volumes varied markedly.Conclusion:The location of the high FDG uptake areas within the tumor remained stable during RT. This knowledge may enable selective boosting of high FDG uptake areas within the tumor.

Malignant tumor is one of the main causes for death in the world at present as well as a major disease seriously harming human health and life and restricting the social and economic development. There are many kinds of reports about traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, empirical prescriptions and self-made prescriptions treating cancer, and prescription rules were often analyzed based on medication frequency. Such methods were applicable for discovering dominant experience but hard to have an innovative discovery and knowledge. In this paper, based on the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance system, the software integration of mutual information improvement method, complex system entropy clustering and unsupervised entropy-level clustering data mining methods was adopted to analyze the rules of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for cancer. Totally 114 prescriptions were selected, the frequency of herbs in prescription was determined, and 85 core combinations and 13 new prescriptions were indentified. The traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance system, as a valuable traditional Chinese medicine research-supporting tool, can be used to record, manage, inquire and analyze prescription data.
Drug Prescriptions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy