Objective To understand the cognition of clinical medical postgraduates' professional ethics,in order to provide the basis for the further development of graduate professional ethics education.Methods The survey was carried out among 650 graduate students of the first hospital of Jilin University by self-designed questionnaires.The questionnaires included the general situation and the understanding of professional ethics of medicine.All data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0,using Chi-square test to compare the results in different grades about the understanding of professional ethics.Results In this study,a total of 650 questionnaires were issued,and 629 valid questionnaires were collected with a recovery rate of 96.7％.Most graduates' professional values were in line with the socialist core values.For example,for the attitude of medical workers to accept red envelopes,410 graduate students (65.2％) firmly opposed to accepting this behavior.For the purpose of the study medicine,there was no statistically significant difference among different grades (P=0.273).For the attitude of red paper,the main problem in medical ethics education and the biggest factor for graduates,there was statistically significant difference among different grades (P=0.012,P=0.002,P=0.002,respectively).Conclusion At present,the professional ethics of postgraduates in clinical medicine is in good condition,but still needs to be improved.We can give further education and guidance to students for the problems existing in graduate students of different grades.

Cell Line ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Transfection

Objective To explore the effect of chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 on proliferation,migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.Methods CXCR4 and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expression of human ovarian cancer cell line CAOV3 was detected by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry.Integrin ?1 and vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C)mRNA expression were detected in CAOV3 cells stimulated by CXCL12.The CAOV3 cells were divided into 6 groups:control group(un-stimulated),experimental group 1(stimulated by 100 ng/ml CXCL12),experimental group 2 (stimulated by 10 ng/ml CXCL12),experimental group 3(100 ng/ml CXCL12 and 10 ?g/ml neutralizing CXCR4 antibody),experimental group 4(100 ng/ml CXCL12 and 1 ?g/ml CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100),experimental group 5(10 ?g/ml neutralizing CXCR4 antibody or ascites).Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)was used to analyze the effects of different concentrations of CXCL12 on CAOV3 cell proliferation.Transwell invasion chamber and reconstructed basement membrane(Matrigel)were used to evaluate effect of various concentrations of CXCL12 and ascites on CAOV3 cell migration and invasion. Results CAOV3 cells expressed CXCR4 mRNA(0.70?0.10)and protein,but did not express CXCL12 mRNA or protein.Immunostaining of CXCR4 was mainly located in cytoplasm.CXCR4 mRNA was up- regulated after 100 ng/ml CXCL12 stimulation(1.24?0.14;t=-7.1088,P=0.0021).Integrin ?1 mRNA was greatly increased at 3 hours by stimulation of 100 ng/ml CXCL12(before and after stimulation 0.53?0.10,1.53?0.16;P0.05).Experimental group 1 stimulated the migration and invasion of CAOV3 cells in chemotaxis assay compared with control group and experimental group 2(number of cell migration respectively 523.3?25.2,108.0?7.2,211.7 ?24.7,number of cell invasion respectively 39.3?4.0,4.0?1.0,15.7?3.1;P

Objective To study antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genotypes of extended spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC ?-lactamase-producing Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from specimens of respiratory tract in children.Methods Bacterial isolates were identified by API or VITEK32. Agar dilution was used for antibiotic susceptibility test,and ESBLs and AmpC were detected by confirmatory test recommended by CLSI/NCCLS and by 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APB) disk potentiation test, respectively.Microarray was used to determine the genotypes of ESBLs and AmpC ?-lactamases.Genotypes of Klebsiella oxytoca were determined by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)- PCR.Results ESBLs were positive in 129 out of 165 isolates (78.2%).Both ESBLs and AmpC ?- lactamases were positive in 16 out of 165 isolates (9.7%).AmpC ?-lactamase alone producer was not detected in term of phenotype and genotype.CTX-M was the most common type of ESBLs and DHA was the only type of AmpC ?-lactamase in these isolates.Most antibiotic resistant strains of Klebsiella oxytoca possessed the same genotype by ERIC-PCR.Although all strains were susceptible to carbpenem,Klebsiella oxytoca with ?-lactamases were more resistant to other antibiotic agents than those without ?- lactamases.Conclusions There is high prevalence of ESBLs production among Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from children in Urumqi.The main genotypes of ESBLs and AmpC ?-lactamases are CTX-M and DHA.

Objective To study the therapeutic efficacy of Chinese botulinum toxin type A (CBTX- A) in masticatory spasm patients.Methods 16 patients with masticatory spasm were treated with CBTX-A local injection.12 patients showed jaw clench with masseter and temporalis affected (type Ⅰ).Four showed jaw clench and deviation to one side with pterygoid muscle affected unilaterally or bilaterally (type Ⅱ).All patients showed paroxysmal clenched jaw with difficulty in opening their mouths.There were no other clinical manifestations.CT and MRI did not reveal any intracerebral abnormalities.The efficacy and adverse effects were observed.Results CBTX-A were injected into 16 patients,resulting in a significant improvement of symptoms in 13 cases (4 cases of unilateral type Ⅰ,7 of 8 cases bilateral type Ⅰ,2 of 4 type Ⅱ).The spasms ceased within 3-10 days after the injection,and the effects lasted for 8-26 weeks.Four patients were observed to have slight masseter weakness after the injections,which recovered within a few weeks.The benefit persisted after identical repeated injection.Conclusion CBTX-A injection is an effective and safe treatment for masticatory spasm.

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of nucleic acid amplification (TB- RNA),bacteriophage-based assay,3D culture and smear on the detection of Mycobacteria tuberculosis.Methods 291 clinical sample including 110 sputum,54 thoracic fluid,37 throat swab,31 bronchial fluid,13 cerebrospinal fluid,12 urine,8 lymph fluid and 20 others (pericardial effusion,feces, blood and abdominal fluid) and gynecological specimen (including 6 leucorrhoea and menstrual blood) were analyzed by these four methods.Results Among the 291 clinical samples,the positive rate of mycobacteria tuberculosis for TB-RNA,bacteriophage-based assay,3D culture and smear were 37.1%,28.9%,27.5% and 10.3%.The sensitivity and specificity of the TB-RNA,bacteriophage-based assay,3D culture and smear were 54.3% & 100%,41.7% & 88.9%,31.7% & 93.5% and 14.6% & 98.9%,respectively.Conclusions TB-RNA is an effective clinical diagnostic method for Mycobacteria tuberculosis.Although the sensitivity of smear is poorer than others,it is a universal testing method in clinical laboratory due to low cost.The positive rate of mycobacteria tuberculosis for 3D culture is lower than that of bacteriophage-based assay and TB-RNA.Although the time to result for 3D culture might last for few weeks,the isolates can be used for drug resistance screening and bacterial identification.

PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of using low concentration contrast agent and low tube voltage in the light and moderate weight's abdominal contrast-enhanced CT scan, in order to find an optimal solution to reduce radiation dose and iodine intake.Materials and Methods Forty patients with light weight whose body mass indexes (BMI) were lower than 20 kg/m2 were randomly divided into group A1 (n=20) and group B1 (n=20). Meanwhile, another 40 patients with moderate weight whose BMI ranged from 20 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 were randomly divided into group A2 (n=20) and group B2 (n=20). Low concentration contrast agent and low tube voltage (Visipaque 270 mgI/ml, 100 kV) were used in both group A1 and group A2 in abdominal enhanced CT scan. While both group B1 and group B2 used conventional scan solution (Omnipaque 300 mgI/ml, 120 kV) in abdominal enhanced CT scan. Then the contrast noise ratio (CNR), the image quality score and the effective radiation dose (ED) were compared among the four groups.Results The CNR and image quality score at artery phase and portal phase were neither significantly different between group A1 and group B1, nor between group A2 and group B2 (t=-1.539-0.000,P>0.05). The CNR and image quality score of the liver at artery phase in group B1 were signiifcantly higher than those in group A2 and group B2 (P<0.05).Conclusion The solution of using low concentration contrast agent and low tube voltage in contrast enhanced scan can achieve the same high quality abdominal image with reduced iodine intake and radiation, compared with the application of conventional enhanced scan; BMI has rather great impact on image quality score at arterial phase and little impact on that at portal phase. So it is suggested that the protocol of liver contrast-enhanced CT scan may choose reduction of voltage at portal phase so as to reduce radiation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemic situation of brucellosis in Datong city, and to provide scientific evidence for making appropriate prevention and control measures. MethodsSurveillance data of human brucellosis in 7 countris and 4 districts in Datong city between 2006 and 2009 were collected, throng the national network straight quote system in an infectious diseases. Excel database was established and all data were statistically analyzed. Incidence of brucellosis in local population was analyzed. The regional distribution, time distribution,occupation, age and sex distribution were analyzed. Epidemic characteristics and trend of brucellosis in Datong city were summarized. Results A total of 5195 cases of brucellosis patients in Datong were found between 2006 and 2009, the average incidence rate was 57.51/10 million. All counties had the disease, and the onset of the disease mainly in the spring and summer. Most cases were young males. Farmer case was 81.67％(4243/5195) of the total patients. ConclusionsFrom 2006 to 2009, epidemic characteristic of Datong human brucellosis ishigh-low-high(incidence). We suggests the Department concerned to strengthen the prevention and control of the disease in some counties, focusing on spreading of disease prevention and control knowledge among farmers and increase their self-protection awareness.

The NSP2 gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)S1 strain was partly amplified and cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-6P-1 and a fusion protein GST-tNSP2 with molecular weight of 50 kDa was expressed in E.coli. The purified GST-tNSP2 protein showed a strong reaction with the PRRSV-positive sera in Western blot assay. Balb/c mice were immunized with the purified protein, and the splenocytes of the immunized mice were fused with murine myeloma cells SP2/0. After subcloning by 3 times, two hybridoma clones which produced McAbs steadily were screened by ELISA, named 3H3 and 2B5. They all reacted strongly with the PRRSV S1 infected Marc-145 cells in IFA, but not with the PRRSV SY0608 strain. Both of the McAbs belong to IgG1 isotype, and their light chains belong ? type. The expressed GST-tNSP2 protein and McAbs could be used for identification of PRRSV isolates and functional analysis of NSP2.

Objective:To express the EMCV 3AB gene by prokaryotic expression systerm,and prepare monoclonal antibodies against it. Method: NSP 3AB gene of Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) was amplified and cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-6P-1 and a recombinant protein 3AB with high antigenicity was expressed in E.coli. Balb / c mice were immunized by purified recombinant 3AB protein of inclusion-body, and the splenocytes of the immunized mice were fused with murine myeloma cells to produce hybridoma cell line. Results: After subcloning by 3 times, one strain of hybridoma cell line steadily secreting antibodies of 3AB protein was obtained, named 2D12. The McAb belongs to IgG1/?. The McAb and was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and Western blot. Conclusion: These results can provide a potential value for structural and functional studies of EMCV-3AB and early diagnosis of Encephalomyocarditis virus infection.