?-cell tumor is the most common functional neoplasm in islets.The localization of the tumor remains difficult in clinical practice.The application of various diagnostic imaging techniques are reviewed.

Adult ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Pharynx

The validity of fasting plasma glucose(FPG)combined with HbA_1c in diagnosing diabetes was assessed in patients with coronary heart disease.The results showed that the paired determination of FPG and HbA_1c helped to identify potentially diabetic subjects in patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective To construct PPAR?and PPAR?response element (PPRE)-controlled luciferase expression vectors,and to determine whether the traditional Chinese medicine emodin activates PPAR?and improves the glucose uptake by HepG2 hepatocytes.Methods (1) PPAR?and PPRE luciferase expression vectors were constructed and were applied to screen more than 20 ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine. (2) HepG2 cells were incubated with emodin which can activate PPAR?and PPRE luciferase activity,and the PPAR?mRNA expression level was evaluated by RT-PCR/Southern blot.(3) PPAR?and glucose transporter 2 (Glut2) proteins were determined by Western blot analysis in HepG2 cells treated with emodin.(4) The glucose uptake rate was measured using 2-deoxy-[~3H]-D-glucose in HepG2 cells after treatment with emodin.Results (1) Emodin stimulated luciferase activity controlled by PPRE in dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.04 to 180?mol/L in COS-7 cells.The highest value was about 4 folds of control in the cells treated with 90?mol/L emodin (P

Objective To analyse the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test(HDDST)-related differences in the clinical and biochemical features of the patients with Cushing's disease Methods Cases were drawn from 60 consecutive patients with Cushing's disease,who were then divided into two groups according to the response to the HDDST.The clinical and biochemical features between two groups were compared.Results(1) Of the 60 patients with Cushing's disease,23.3%(14/60)of patients(group A)did not yield results of suppression with the HDDST,and the others(group B)did.No difference was found in the age[(33.8?10.4 vs 36.2?11.2)years]and duration of illness[(2.1?1.6 vs 3.9?3.1)years]between two groups.(2)In clinical features,the patients in group A were more likely to have edema of lower limbs(64.3% vs 32.6%),hypokalemia (71.4% vs 28.3%),secondary diabetes(57.1% vs 26.1%)and purple striae(85.7% vs 54.3%,all P

Objective To investigate the effects of different combinations of antioxidants VitC, VitE and GSH on the biomechanical and biochemical markers in ovariectomized rats, Methods Seventy female SD rats, aged 4 months, were divided into 2 groups (control and model) randomly. Fifty rats in the model group underwent ovariectomy, while the other 20 rats in the control group had sham operations. Three month slater, 10 rats in the model group and 10 rats in the control group were selected randomly to detect their body weight, uterus weight, BMD of the left femur and lumbar vertebra, biomechanical characteristics of the left femur, levels of serum Ca2 +, Cr, ALP, SOD, MDA and GSH-Px and serumal resistance to OH<'->. Then the rest were divided into 5 groups: A (sham), B (model), C (VitC + VitE), D (GSH), and E (VitC + VitE +GSH). VitC, VitE and GSH were given in 750 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 125 mg/kg every day for 3 months,respectively. And then the biomechanical and biochemical markers were measured. Results Three months after ovariectomy, the body weight of the rats in the model group increased markedly compared with the control group, while BMD of the left femur and lumbar vertebra, biomechanical maximal load and uterus weight decreased. The serum levels of Ca<'2+>, ALP and Cr increased. Three months after antioxidant treatment,the biomechanical maximal load and elastic load of the left femur and the maximal load of the 5th lumbar vertebra, the serum levels of SOD, GSH-Px and the serumal resistance to OH<'-> in groups D and E increased markedly, while the serum level of MDA decreased in groups C and D and the level of serum ALP decreased in all the treatment groups. Conclusion GSH and combination of VitC, VitE and GSH play a positive role in treatment of osteoperesis in ovariectomized rats.

Objective To evaluate the effect of standardized training and management of prenatal ultrasound screening on birth defects. Methods According to the degree of standardized training and management of prenatal ultrasound screening, the period from March 2004 to December 2009 were divided into three different management stages. Detection rate was applied to describe the prenatal ultrasound screening of 5199 birth defects cases delivered during the three different management stages. Accuracy rate was used to describe the ultrasonographic diagnosis made by staffs in 2009. SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the information of 707 staffs participated in the training and assessment activities from October 2007 to September 2009. Related factors of prenatal ultrasound operating skills of staffs were analyzed by comparing the distributing discrepancy of the different variables between qualified and unqualified group with Chi-square test. Results The detection rate of prenatal ultrasonographic screening on birth defects increased with the improvement of training and assessment methods, which was 32. 43% from March 2004 to September 2005,44.81% from October 2005 to September 2007 and 60. 71% from October 2007 to December 2009respectively. In 2009, 187 doctors were tested on abnormal ultrasound photographs identification. The accurate rates were 80. 0% for gastroschisis, 78. 8% for cleft clip, 75.8% for omphalocele, 71.8%for neural tube defects, 50. 0% for severe congenital heart diseases, 31.0% for acromicria, which were in similar sequence as the diagnostic rate identified by prenatal ultrasound in 2009. Among the staffs attending the prenatal ultrasound screening assessment, more had education background at least university level (52.8% vs 47.2%), more performed ≥50 ultrasound screenings per month (50. 5%vs 49.5 % ), more had been working on obstetric ultrasound over 3 yrs (52.5 % vs 47.5 %) and more had been trained in higher level of hospitals focused on prenatal diagnosis (64.7% vs 35.3%) in the qualified group than in the unqualified group. Conclusions Standardized training and management of prenatal ultrasonographic screening could effectively improve the diagnosis rate of birth defects.The quality of prenatal ultrasound screening is related to the staff's education background and whether they are engaged in the position.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bifidobacterium ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; microbiology ; Liver Function Tests ; Parenteral Nutrition ; methods ; Rabbits

Objective To investigate the effects of different combinations of vitamin (Vit) C, Vit E and GSH on the biochemical markers and bone mineral density (BMD) in ovariectomized rats. Methods Seventy female SD rats aged 4 months were divided into two groups, 20 rats with sham operation in control group and 50 rats with bilateral oophorectomy in model group. 3 months later, 10 rats in the model group and 10 rats in the control group were randomly selected and their body weight, uterus weight, BMD of the left femurs and lumbar spines,biomeehanical characteristics of the left femurs, serum levels of Ca2+ , creatinine (Cr), alkaline phosphatase (ALP),superoxide dismutase (SOD) , malondialdehyde (MDA) , GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum resisting abilities to OH- were determined. Then the rest rats were divided into five groups: A (sham), B (OVX control), C (Vit C +Vit E), D (GSH) and E (Vit C +Vit E +GSH). Vit C, Vit E and GSH were given 750rng/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 125 mg/kg, respectively daily for 3 months. And then the biochemical markers and BMD were measured. Results 3 months after treatment with antioxidants, BMD of left femurs and lumbars spines was increased, while the level of serum ALP was decreased markedly in B, C and D group as compared with that in B group. The serum level of SOD, GSH-Px and serum resisting ability to OH- were increased in D and E groups and the level of MDA decreased in C and D groups as compared with that in B group. Conclusion Vit C, Vit E and GSH increased BMD, prevented the decrease of SOD and GSH-Px and elevated serum resisting ability to OH-in ovariectomized rats.

Objective To analyze the regions of abdominal lymph node metastasis in recurrent thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( TE-SCC) after radical surgery, and to guide the design of target volume in postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy. Methods Patients with TE-SCC who were admitted to our hospital from February 2005 to April 2013 were enrolled as subjects. All patients were diagnosed with abdominal lymph node metastasis by imaging after R0 radical surgery. The exact regions of abdominal lymph node metastasis were classified according to the 7th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer ( AJCC) TNM staging system for gastric cancer, and then retrospectively analyzed. The difference of two group was analyzed by χ2 test. Results Among the 1593 eligible patients, 148( 9. 3%) were diagnosed with abdominal lymph node metastasis after surgery. In the 148 patients, the abdominal lymph node metastasis rates in the upper, middle, and lower thoracic esophagus were 2. 3%, 7. 8%, and 26. 6%, respectively ( P=0. 000);the incidence rates of pathological stages T1/2 and T3/4 were 8. 7% and 9. 5%, respectively ( P=0. 601);the incidence rates of 0-2 and ≥3 metastatic lymph nodes in postoperative pathological examination were 4. 8%and 20. 1%, respectively (P=0. 000). The abdominal lymph node metastasis rate was the highest in the para-aortic lymph node ( 16a2) , followed by para-aortic lymph node ( 16a1) and the lymph nodes around the celiac trunk, posterior area of the pancreatic head, and common hepatic artery ( 64. 9%, 41. 2%, 37. 8%, 32. 4%, and 20. 9%) , yielding an overall metastasis rate of 91. 9%. Conclusions The major regions of abdominal lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma after radical surgery include para-aortic lymph nodes ( 16a2 and 16a1) and the lymph nodes around the celiac trunk, posterior area of the pancreatic head, and common hepatic artery. These regions are the abdominal target volumes of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.