Objective To investigate the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback therapy (EMGBFT) in treating dysphagia after stroke.Methods Patients diagnosed with dysphagia after stroke were recruited and randomly divided into a control group (n =22),an electrostimulation group (ES,n =25) and an EMGBFT group (n =23).The control group received conventional treatment,while the patients in the other groups additionally received Vitalstim ES or EMGBFT 5 times per week for 3 weeks.Before and after the trial,deglutition function was evaluated through surface electromyography (sEMG) and using a standardized swallowing assessment (SSA).Results After 3 weeks of treatment,the mean sEMG amplitude,deglutition duration and SSA score and improved significantly in comparison to the baseline in all three groups.All were also significantly better in the two treatment groups than in the control group.Importantly,the mean sEMG amplitude,deglutition duration and SSA score were all significantly better in the EMGBFT group than in the ES group.Conclusion EMGBFT can promote better deglutition among patients with dysphagia after stroke more effectively than ES or conventional treatment.

Objective To observe the effects of systems of progressive resistance exercise on lower limb extensors （quadriceps femoris） of stroke patients. Methods 89 stroke patients with weak lower limbs were randomly divided into progressive resistance exercise group (n=46) and control group (n=43), both receiving corresponding treatment for 4 weeks. They were assessed with Manual Muscle Test (MMT), integrated electromyogram (iEMG) and root mean square (RMS) of surface electromyography on quadriceps femoris before and after the treatment. Results The incidence of improvement with MMT was 94.3% in progressive resistance exercise group, and 63.8% in control group （P<0.01）. The iEMG and RMS of the exercise group was significantly higher than that of the control （P<0.01）. Conclusion The systems of progressive resistance exercise could improve the muscle strength of lower limbs extensors of stroke patients more effectively.

Objective: To investigate the development of public health human resource of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2020, so as to put forward the strategies for the talent team construction of CDCs. Methods: The general information of personnel of CDCs in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2020 was collected through China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. A questionnaire survey and a qualitative interview were conducted to collect the data of staffing, talent training, salary and employee turnover, and to analyze the development of the talent team of CDCs. Results: By 2020, there were 105 CDCs, including 1 provincial, 11 prefectural and 93 county-level CDCs, and 5 277 staff on-the-job. From 2016 to 2020, the number of staff per 10 000 permanent residents in the province, prefecture and county levels were 0.062-0.070, 0.170-0.188 and 0.585-0.604, respectively, which did not meet the standard for the personnel establishment in Zhejiang CDCs; the proportion of the staff with bachelor degree or above increased from 90.05% to 94.25%; the proportion of the health professionals decreased from 82.91% to 80.01%; the proportion of the staff with senior professional titles increased from 35.20% to 45.25%. The results of the qualitative interview indicated a lack of health professionals and high-end talents, a gap between the approved staffing and post requirements, as well as demands for a stable team and higher pay. Conclusion From 2016 to 2020, the structure of educational background, major and professional title among the on-the-job staff of CDCs in Zhejiang Province has been improving; however, the total allocation of human resource is insufficient, and the stability and treatment of staff need to be further improved.

To explore the feasibility of stable expression of Hantavirus H8205 strain G1 segment and human IL-2 fusion gene in Vero cells, and to examine the immune protection effects on mice vaccinated with this recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing Hantavirus G1 gene and IL-2 gene. With the help of lipofectamine, the Vero cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1/HisB-IL-2-G1 and the positive cells were selected by G418. IFAT and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis were used to determine the stable transfection and expression of recombinant protein. Each mouse was inoculated with plasmids intramuscularly (i.m.) three times, 2 boosts were given at 2-week intervals, serum anti-hantavirus antibodies were detected by ELISA and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) were detected by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test. The fusion protein expressed in Vero cells was 78 kD, corresponding to the estimated molecular size. The neutralizing antibody titers of mice with pcDNA3.1/HisB-IL-2-G1 were 1:20-1:80. IL-2/G1 fusion gene could be transferred in Vero cells and stably express the fusion protein. Specific humeral immune responses in mice can be induced with the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing the fusion gene, which lays the foundation for further development of therapeutic HTNV vaccine.

Objective To analyse clinical features of dead children in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2005 to 2014.Methods Clinical data of 917 dead cases in PICU from January 2005 to December 2014 in this hospital were collected,then distribution characteristics of age,length of hospital stay,time of dead and transfer department were analysed.The death cause analysis was conducted as well.Results According to systematic classification of disease,the top 10 leading causes of death for 917 dead cases in PICU from 2005 to 2014 in this hospital were congenital deformity,infectious disease,respiratory disease,injury and poisoning,digestive system disease,tumor,symptoms,signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified,circulation system disease,nervous system disease,blood system disease.Compared with 2005-2014,the ratio of dead cases due to infectious diseases to the total cases was declined,while that due to non-infectious diseases was increased,there was statistically significant difference (x2 =26.29,P =0.00).Whereas,the ranks of septicopyemia and hand-foot-mouth disease in the rank order of death causes both were increased.Condusion Congenital deformity is the first cause of death in PICU of this hospital.The key to cutting children's mortality is to reduce newborn with congenital deformity.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of progressive resistance exercise for improving the lower limb motor function of hemiplegic stroke patients. Methods Eighty-nine hemiplegic patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (n =46) and a control group ( n = 43 ) . Both groups received routine rehabilitation training, while the treatment group also undertook progressive resistance training. The control group received extra quadriceps femoris training. Before and after the treatment, motor function was evaluated with the Fugl-Meyer lower limb assessment, functional ambulation category (FAC) classification and the modified Barthel index (MBI). Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the assessments. Four weeks later, all the assessment scores obtained with the Fugl-Meyer lower limb assessment, FCA classification and MBI in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group. Conclusion Progressive resistance training combined with routine rehabilitation treatment can improve motor function in the lower limbs, ambulation and ability in the activities of daily living of hemiplegic patients after stroke.

Objective To study the effects of low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on rats with seizures induced by lithium-pilocarpine. Methods Rats were randomly divided into five groups and pre-treated with TMS at 75% of the stimulator's maximum output, but at 0 Hz (the sham group), 0.3 Hz, 0.5 Hz, 0.8 Hz and 1.0 Hz, respectively. After stimulation every day for 2 weeks, a model of acute epilepsy was induced u-sing iithium-pilocarpine. Subsequent behavior and the latencies of seizures were observed, and the severity of the sei- zures was quantitatively evaluated for 90 rain. Results The seizure latencies were significantly prolonged in all the other groups relative to the sham group (P<0.05). The prolongation in the 0.5 Hz and 0.8 Hz groups was signifi-cantly greater than in the 0.3 Hz and 1.0 Hz groups. The severity of seizures in the 0.3 Hz and 1.0 Hz groups was not significantly different from that in the sham group, but most of the rats in the 0.5 Hz group and the 0.8 Hz group experienced much lighter seizures, with seizure severity scores significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups. Conclusions Pretreatment with TMS at 0.3 to 1.0 Hz led to a longer latency of seizure onset. 0.5 Hz and 0.8 Hz gave the longest latencies and showed conspicuous antiepileptie effects.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of heart rate turbulence (HRT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods From October 2006 to May 2009, a total of 96 elderly CHF inpatients were selected, and the clinic data were recorded. Based on the echocardiogram and dynamic electrocardiogram, the differences of sinus HRT index of patients with different cardiac function classification were analyzed. During 9-28 months medical follow-up, the treatment endpoint was death from heart disease. Based on Logisitc regression, the prognostic values of HRT, age, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular ejection fraction, ACEI and β- adrenergic blocker for death of CHF patients were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in HRT between grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ cardiac function (χ~2 = 1.60, P>0. 05), and between grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ cardiac function (χ~2 = 1.43, P>0. 05). But there was significant difference in HRT between grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅳ cardiac function patients χ~2 =9.84, P<0. 05), and HRT was weaken in grade Ⅳ group. The average follow-up time was (18. 0±9.6) months. Of all 96 patients, there were 34 dead of heart disease. There were correlations of death of CHF with HRT, low LVEF (≤ 45%), age (≥65 years), diabetes, MI and classification of heart function. Conclusions The sinus HRT in CHF patients has a favorable prognostic value.

Authentications of Chinese herbal medicine have a critical effect in Chinese clinical medicine. DNA molecular marker, as an important component for true or false authentication, is more and more widely used in iden-tification of Chinese medicinal materials. At the same time, many new methods for authentication of Chinese medici-nal materials are continuously emerging. But the systematically comparative analysis of these new methods is lack. The present study taking Lonicera japonica as an example, systematically compared principles, characteristics, ex-periment methods, detection time and the application scope of express sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR), polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR), DNA barcoding and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and put forward corresponding improve-ment opinions. This study can help to screen appropriate approach for rapid authentication of L. japonica and offer demonstrating to other Chinese herbal medicines.