0.05).Compared with I/R group,N group showed significantly better recovery of hemodynamic function.At the same time,the size of myocardial infarction and the number of AI were lowered(vs I/R,P

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ulinastatn on the lungs in patients with lung cancer undergoing lobectomy. Methods Forty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients with stage Ⅲ lung cancer, aged 50-64 yr weighing 53-70 kg undergoing lobectomy were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 20 each): control group (group C) and ulinastatin group (group U). In group U ulinastatin 10 000 U/kg in 20 ml normal saline was infused iv over 30 min immediately after induction of anesthesia. The patients were premedicated with diazepam 10 mg and scopolamine 0.3 mg im. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg, fentanyl 4 μg/kg, TCI of propofol (Cp 4 μg/ml) and vecuronium 0.12 mg/kg and maintained with TCI of propofol (Cp 2-3 μg/ml) and intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium. The patients were intubated with double-lumen tube. Correct position of the tube was checked with fiberoptic bronchoscope. One-lung ventilation (OLV) was performed (VT 6-8 ml/kg, RR 10-16 bpm, I:R 1:2, FiO2 100% ). PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. Arterial blood samples were taken before anesthesia (T0, baseline), at 0.5 h and 1 h of OLV (T1, T2 ) and 4 h and 24 h after operation (T3, T4 )for blood gas analysis and determination of plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations. Respiratory index (RI)was calculated. (RI= PA-a O2 /PaO2 ).Results Compared with the baseline values at To, plasma TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations and RI at T1-4 and plasma IL-10 concentrations at T1-3 were all significantly increased in group C,while in group U plasma TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations at T2,3 and plasma IL-10 concentrations and RI at T1-4 were all significantly increased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Plasma TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations and RI were significantly lower while plasma IL-10 concentration was significantly higher in group U than in group C (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ulinastatin 10 000 U/kg can effectively protect the lungs in patients with lung cancer undergoing lobectomy by attenuating systemic inflammatory response.

Objective To investigate the effects of genistein used alone and in combination with cisplatin on the treatment of human ovarian carcinoma transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Methods Nude mouse model of human ovarian carcinoma transplanted subcutaneously was established. A total of 30 mice were divided into 5 groups: control group (0 04% saline), genistein group (subcutaneous injection of genistein at 0 2 mg/kg and 0 4 mg/kg), cisplatin group (intravenous injection of cisplatin at 4 mg/kg), and genistein plus cisplatin group. The growth of the subcutaneously transplanted tumor and changes of mouse body weight in each group after treatment using different medication regimens were observed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 d. Histopathological examination was also conducted. Results Genistein (0 4 mg/kg) had significantly inhibitory effect on the transplanted xenograft growth in vivo . Tumor volume, tumor weight, and T/C ratio (mean volume of treated group/mean volume of control group) decreased. Significantly enlarged necrotic areas were found in genistein treated group. The weight loss of nude mice after treatment with genistein was not significantly different from in the control group. Conclusion Genistein has the inhibitory effect on the growth of human ovarian carcinoma transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Genistein (0 4 mg/kg) in combination with cisplatin (4 mg/kg) has a synergistic effect on xenograft of human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV 3 in nude mice. The results provide the evidence for the potential usefulness of genistein for the prevention and treatment of human ovarian carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to construct and test a predictive model for the quality of life (QOL) in mothers of children with developmental disabilities (DB). The hypothesized model included severity of illness, distress, uncertainty, self-help, and parenting efficacy as influencing factors, QOL as a consequence based on the Braden’s Self-Help Model. Methods: The data were collected through a direct and online surveys from 206 mothers in 8 locations, including welfare or daycare centers, developmental treatment centers, and The Parents’ Coalition for the Disabled located in two provinces of Korea. Data were analysed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. Results: The fit indices of the predictive model satisfied recommended levels; χ2 = 165.79 (p < .001), normed χ2 (χ2 /df) = 2.44, RMR = .04, RMSEA = .08, GFI = .90, AGFI = .85, NFI = .91, TLI = .93, CFI = .95. Among the variables, distress (β = - .46, p < .001), parenting efficacy (β = .22, p < .001), and self-help (β = .17, p = .018) had direct effects on QOL. Severity of illness (β = - .61, p = .010) and uncertainty (β = - .08, p = .014) showed indirect effects. The explanatory power of variables was 61.0%. Conclusion The study results confirm the utility of Braden’s Self-Help Model. They provide a theoretical basis for improving QOL in mothers of children with DB. Nursing intervention strategies that can relieve mothers’ distress and uncertainty related to disease and enhance parenting efficacy and self-help behavior should be considered.

BACKGROUND:Hepatocyte transplantation as an effective method for liver failure has been confirmed by animal models and clinical application.However,limited source and poor proliferation of hepatocyte graft limit its development.Studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have potentials to differentiate into hepatocyte and bile epithelial celts,with strong proliferation.OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect of bone marrow MSCs transplantation on liver failure of New Zealand white rabbits.METHODS:Adult male New Zealand rabbits were treated with D-galactosamine,and 3 mL hepatocyte suspension(1×109/L)was injected into the liver of transplantation group,but the control group was injected with the same volume of culture solution with no bone marrow MSCs.Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity was detected 48,72 hours,1,4 weeks following transplantation,and pathological detection was performed at 4 weeks.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The liver functional index following transplantation of bone marrow-derived MSCs transplantation was significantly decreased,and ALT and AST activity at 4 weeks was significantly less than the control group(P ＜ 0.05).At 4,the transplantation group displayed disorderly hepatic cord,hepatocyte swollen and degeneration,necrosis,accompanied by bleeding and inflammatory cell infiltration.In addition,the hepatic lobule structure was detectable,and regenerative hepatocyte increased among necrotic hepatocyte;small cells with large ratio of nucleus and cytoplasm at header,central vein and surrouding necrosis focus extended to the liver tissues.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of solution-focused group counseling on the general stress, stress response and coping in the delinquent juveniles. METHOD: The subjects consisted of a convenience samlple of 60 delinquent juveniles who had been placed under probation in Kwang-ju, and recruited from Oct., 2000 to Dec., 2000. Solution-focused group counseling was conducted for the experimental group once a week for 120 to 180 minutes for 6 week. The control group received no group session. For both groups the level of general stress, stress response and coping were measured before and after the experiment. RESULT: General stress significantly decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group, but showed no significant difference between the two groups. Stress response decreased significantly in the experimental group and increased in the control group, but showed no significant difference between the two groups. The problem-focused coping significantly increased in the experimental group and decreased in the control group, and showed a significant difference between the two groups. The emotion-focused coping significantly decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group, and showed no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that solution-focused group-counselling has a positive effect on variables like the general stress, stress response, emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping. Further study needs to be conducted to verify results.

The purpose of this study was to verify the use of Seo's Elderly Stress Scale (SESS), which was developed in 1996. Through the modified tool, it is possible to examine the stress of Korean elders and to contribute to the welfare of them. The subjects were 350 elders over 65 years old who live in Seoul, Kwang-Ju, Yang-Ju Gun Kyung-ki Do, Ui-Jong Bu, and Young-Am Kun, Jeun-Ra Nam Do. the data of 331 elders (94%) were analyzed. Data were collected between January and March in 1996 and analyzed using the SPSS Win 8.0. The result are as follows: 1. Items with low correlation with the total items were removed. So 27 items were removed and 37 items remained. This 37 items were death in the family and/or close friends, family member's behavior not meeting expectations, marriage of daughter, marriage of son, friction with daughter- in-law, argument among children, children refuse to live with parent, children leaving home, sex injury or accident, in frequest visits from children and grandchildren, providing care for your daughter or daughter-in-law post-partum, decrease in decision making and authority in home, Lunar new year and the harvest featival, house sitting, working in the house, performing a sacrificial rite, missed birthday, not living with the eldest son, decreased eyesight, decreased strength, decreased memory, sleep pattern changes, thoughts about death, loneliness, decreased hearing, change of dental condition, change in your diet or eating style, difficulty in self care, moving because of disease or aging, argument with friend or neighbour, travel, dealing with the procedure of heritage, loss of money or property, not enough pocket money, hearing on elderly neglect in television or radio, hope of going home and ignorant from others. 2. Overlapped items were discussed by colleagues and were modified. 'marriage of daughter' and 'marriage of son' were modified in 'marriage of children'. 'self injury or accidents' and 'family accidents' were modified in to self or family accidents. 3. Factor analysis was done in order to identify validity and three factors were obtained from the result. The first factor familial relation area, included 17 items. The second factor, physical area, included 9 items. The third factor, psycho-socio-economic area, included 9 items. Cronbach coefficient alpha for the 35 items was .923. 4. Pearson's correlation was .704 between SESS and SOS (Symptoms of Stress) in order to confirm construct validity. Based on the result, the following is suggested; 1. The modified SESS needs to be reverified with elder. 2. Korean elder's health promotion can be made by development of stress intervention which was accurately measured with SESS.
Aged* ; Aging ; Child ; Decision Making ; Diet ; Eating ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Friction ; Friends ; Gwangju ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Promotion ; Hearing ; Hope ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Marriage ; Memory ; Nuclear Family ; Parents ; Self Care ; Seoul ; Television

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine subjective happiness related factors in Korean nursing students. METHODS: A purposive sample of 200 nursing students was recruited for the cross-sectional survey design. The instruments were perceived stress scale, major satisfaction scale, resilience scale, and subjective happiness scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, hierarchical linear regression, and the Sobel test for testing mediating effects. RESULTS: The mean score of stress, major satisfaction, resilience and subjective happiness was 2.21, 3.95, 3.60 and 5.03, respectively. Perceived health status, stress_positive perception, stress_negative perception, resilience_self confidence, resilience_positivity, resilience_social support had significant effects on subjective happiness. Explained variance for the subjective happiness was 53.4%. Resilience had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between stress and subjective happiness (Sobel test: Z=-5.67, p<.001). Also, resilience had a mediating effect in the relationship between major satisfaction and subjective happiness (Sobel test: Z=5.65, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on improving resilience are recommended to improve subjective happiness in nursing students.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Happiness* ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Negotiating ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing*

Objective To explore the application value of real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) technique in diagnosing and staging of chronic viral hepatitis B and hepatic fibrosis and to establish Young's modulus reference range for diagnosing and staging of hepatic fibrosis.Methods Forty-eight patients with chronic hepatitis B and fifty-eight healthy adults were enrolled and their Young's modulus values of S5 and S6 segments of liver were measured.Histopathologic examination was performed on 48 patients with chronic hepatitis B.Comparative analysis was conducted between the pathological findings and Young's modulus values,by means of which Young's modulus reference range for diagnosis and staging of hepatic fibrosis was obtained.Results There was significant difference in Young's modulus values of S5 and S6 segments of liver between chronic hepatitis B group and the normal control group (P＜0.05).Young's modulus values of S5 and S6 segments of liver in chronic hepatitis B group were (11.7 ± 2.9) kPa and (12.1 ± 3.2) kPa respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the normal control group,(5.7 ± 1.1) kPa and (5.8 ± 1.3) kPa respectively.Significant differences of Young's modulus values were detected in every staging of hepatic fibrosis (P＜0.05).S5 segment of liver Young's modulus values in S0-S4 stages were (5.8 ± 2.2) kPa,(7.3 ± 1.9) kPa,(10.3 ± 2.8) kPa,(10.3 ± 2.8) kPa,and (25.3 ± 3.6) kPa,respectively.S6 segment of liver Young's modulus values in S0-S4 stages were (5.7 ± 2.3) kPa,(9.2±2.1) kPa,(10.5±2.1) kPa,(14.7±4.5) kPa,and (26.1 ±2.1) kPa,respectively.Young's modulus value of the liver rose with the increase of S stage.Conclusion SWE technique can establish the Young's modulus reference range for hepatic fibrosis stage.Besides,it features high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy.

Objective To register the inpatients with stroke in Lasa plateau region,understand the clinical characteristics,risk factors and prognosis of patients with stroke in plateau region,and provide reference for prevention and treatment of stroke in plateau region.Methods Hospital-based stroke registration database was established,follow-up visits were paid to registered patients with stroke;the general sociological characteristics,clinical features,diagnosis and treatment situations of patients were collected and analyzed.Results Continuous registration in 464 patients with stroke in Tibet Autonomous Region People' s Hospital was made from July 1,2007 to March 30,2013,including 332 Tibetan patients and 132 Han patients,whose average age was (57.45 ± 16.14) years;326 male patients,138 female patients.Sixty-eight patients' age of onset was smaller than 40 years (14.22％).Among stroke subtypes,cerebral infarction was the most frequent syndrome (322 patients (69.40％)),followed by brain hemorrhage (129 patients (27.80％)),subarachnoid hemorrhage (13 patients (2.80％)).The difference between the male to female ratio of Tibetan patients (213:119) and Han patients(113:19) was statistically significant (x2 =20.795,P ＜0.001).The 4.5 h clinic visit rate of patients with stroke was 18.53％ (86/464),the 4.5 h clinic visit rate of patients with cerebral infarction was 13.35％ (43/322),including 1 patient who took intravenous thrombolytic therapy,accounting for 0.31％ of patients with cerebral infarction.The analysis indicated that the major risk factors of this group of patients with stroke were high blood pressure (249 patients (53.66％)),heart disease (102 patients (21.98％)),diabetes (67 patients (14.43％)) and chronic high altitude polycythemia (65 patients (14.00％)).Conclusions The patients with stroke in plateau regions tend to be younger,the clinic visit rate within 4.5 h is low,and the application of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with cerebral infarction is low.Chronic high altitude polycythemia becomes the special risk factor in plateau region.