Objective Face-down positioning after vitrectomy and gas tamponade is still the standard position for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.The study was to compare the nursing effects of face-down position and flexible position after vitrecto-my for the repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methods We investigated 120 cases of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in this study.All patients received vitrectomy with long-acting gas for tamponade, 60 patients in face-down position and 60 in the flexible position.Patients were followed up for 6 months.Observation was made on the rates of anatomical retinal reattachment and postoperative complications between the groups. Results The rates of anatomical retinal reattachment after surgery were 88.33%in the face-down position group and 100% in the flexible position group respectively.As to the satisfaction of position, the flexible position group was 100%, which was much higher than 41.67%in face-down position group(P<0.01). Conclusion Flexible position nurs-ing after vitrectomy and gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair is safe and effective.Flexible position can replace face-down position for the comfort of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy with gas tamponade.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of two materials used as scaffolds in periodontal tissue engineering. Methods: Dog periodontal ligament cells cultured in vitro were collected and seeded on three-dimensional framework of cancellous bone matrix (CBM) or nano-HAp/collagen (nHAC) . The cell growth in the scaffolds was observed by cell counting and scanning electronic microscope. Results: Porous structure of the two materials and adhesion and eugonic growth of cells in the scaffolds were observed by scanning electronic microscope.The cell number was doubled in both scaffolds in 72 h culture. Conclusion: It may be feasible to use CBM or nHAC as the scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering.

Objective To detect the antibiotic resistance of four kinds of gram-negative bacilli strains against seven antibiotics and to analyze the differences in antibiotic resistance between the strains isolated in intensive care unit (ICU) and common wards.Methods This study involved 3 238 gram-negative bacilli strains isolated in Beijing Tongren Hospital from January to December 2016.Of all strains, 46.6% were isolated in ICU (severe group) and 53.4% were isolated in common wards (general group).Resistance of these strains to seven kinds of antibiotics was detected and the differences between the two groups were analyzed.Results Antibiotic resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to ceftriaxone, cefepime and imipenem were 41.7%, 41.2% and 39.5% in severe group and 20.9%, 21.7% and 17.1% in general group.Moreover, the differences between the two groups were all statistically significant (χ2Cefatriaxone=56.72, P<0.01;χ2Cefepime=49.12, P<0.01;χ2Imipenem=69.81, P<0.01).Antibiotic resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains to imipenem was 17.2% in severe group and 8.8% in general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2Imipenem=11.48, P<0.01).Resistance rates of Escherichia coli strains to ceftriaxone and cefepime were 72.9% and 35.8% in severe group and 44.7% and 13.3% in general group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (χ2Ceftriaxone=40.13, P<0.01;χ2Cefepime=41.61, P<0.01).More than 60% of Acinetobacter baumanii strains whether they were isolated in ICU or in common wards were resistant to all the seven antibiotics, and there were no significant differences between the two groups.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli strains isolated in ICU have higher resistance rates than those isolated in common wards and therefore antibiotics should be used differently.Regular monitoring of drug resistance should be strengthened to provide references for empirical clinical medication.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To investigate the role of anterior thalamic nucleus in trigeminal nerve electrostimulation ( TNS)-induced effects on seizures and hippocampal damage.METHODS: The rats were intraperitoneally injected with pilocarpine to induce chronic epilepsy, and then received sham treatment, TNS treatment and TNS treatment after stereotac-tic lesion to the anterior thalamic nucleus.The TNS treatment lasted for 1 month in each group.Another injection of pilo-carpine was conducted to induce seizures, and the severity and duration of seizures were quantitatively evaluated.TUNEL, Fluoro-Jade B ( FJB) and Nissl staining were applied to determine in situ apoptosis, neuronal degeneration and neuron loss in the hippocampal CA1 area respectively.RESULTS:Compared with TNS group, TNS treatment after stereotactic lesion to the anterior thalamic nucleus significantly increased the severity and duration of seizures (P<0.05), and the numbers of TUNEL positive cells, FJB positive cells and lost neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Anterior thalamic nucleus plays a role in TNS-induced reduction of seizures and hippocampal damage.The mechanisms might be due to the chronically activation of the cortex through anterior thalamic nucleus pathway induced by TNS, resulting in the down-regulation of neuronal excitatory susceptibility.

Objective To study the pattern of cerebral gray matter and white matter volume changes among smokers with differ-ent level of nicotine dependence (addition)using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).Methods The current case-control study recrui-ted 53 healthy male smokers and 53 healthy non-smokers from outpatients of our hospital during January 2013 to May 2014.Personal information (including for example age,sex and addition dependence of subjects)was collected using a questionnaire.3D-T1 images of whole brain structure were collected and were analyzed using DARTEL toolbox of SPM8.Smokers were divided into mild to mod-erate nicotine dependence group (n=23)and severe nicotine dependence group (n=30)based on Fagerstr?m Test for Nicotine De-pendence (FTND)score.Independent sample t-test analyses were performed to compare the volumes of gray matter and white mat-ter between smokers with different levels of nicotine dependence and non-smokers.Results Compared with non-smokers,gray and white matter volumes of smokers were smaller in multiple brain areas,mainly in the middle occipital gyrus,posterior cingulate,cer-ebellum anterior lobe,precuneus,caudate body and insula,which however,had larger number and scope of focal areas with gray and white matter atrophy in the mild to moderate nicotine dependence group than that in the severe nicotine dependence group.Conclusion Smokers with mild to moderate nicotine dependence have more pronounced gray and white matter atrophy than that smokers with severe nicotine dependence have.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; etiology ; psychology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Herba Selaginellae moellendorfii for identification and comparison with other species of the same genus and to determine the content of amentoflavone.Method Separation was performed on ZORBAX SB-C18 chromatographic column,acetonitrile(A)-0.5 %solution of acetic acid in water(B)as mobile phase with gradient elution and the flow rate was 1.0 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was at 270 nm.The content determination of amentoflavone carried out synchronously.Results The characteristic eighteen peaks in the chromatogram consisted of the common pattern of Herba Selaginellae moellendorfii.The fingerprint coupling with similarity and Principal Component Analysis differentiated and classified the various species of selaginella.Nine species could be divided into 3 classes.The content of amentoflavone in Herba Selaginellae moellendorfii was 0.8～1.0 %.Conclusions The weighted similarity coefficient was calculated from 13 batches of Herba Selaginellae moellendorfii samples as high as more than 0.98.Among 9 species of Selaginella,5 species(S.biformis,S.involvens,S.doederileinii,S.trachyphylla,S.tamariscina)were sorted out by means of Principal Component Analysis in the same class with S.moellendorfii.Which indicated the possibility of bio-equivalence among the herbs of these six species,while S.picta,S.uncinata and S.delicatula are considered as adulterants of S.moellendorfii as their dissimilar fingerprints.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of microglial polarization at the perihe-matoma area and provide timepoint evidence for interventing microglial polarization as well as studying the polarization mechanism after intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH ) . Methods Healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham group,ICH-4 h,1 d,3 d,7 d and 14 d groups with 6 in each group. The rats in ICH groups were injected collagenase VII-s into the caudate nucleus to establish the in-tracerebral hematoma model and rats in sham operated group were treated with the same amount of saline. The brains were taken at 4 h,1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d in the ICH group,1 d in sham group. Microglia typeⅠ( M1, CD11b++CD86+) and microglia typeⅡ( M2,CD11b++Arg-1+) were examined by immunofluorescence and the number of M1 and M2 around hematoma were analyzed. Results ( 1) The M1 and M2 were both ob-served at 4 h after ICH and a small quantity of branches were still presented on M1. ( 2) M1 took the main position in acute stage (1~3 d),early subacute stage(3~7 d) and chronic stage (>14 d) after ICH.The number of M2 was elevated transiently in superacute (<24 h) and late subacute stage (7 d).The number of M2 (31.40±1.69) was more than M1 (21.43±1.81) at 4 h after ICH ( t=- 4.085, P=0.002),and the number of M2 (116.25±5.06) significantly exceeded M1 (85.75±7.32) again on day 7 ( t=-0.690, P=0.001). Conclusion M1 is in a dominant position in acute,early subacute and chronic stages after ICH;M2 is dominant in superacute and late subacute stages. Investigating the mechanism of M2 formation at acute period ( such as 4 h) or late subacute stage ( such as 7 d) ,and inhibiting M1 formation in the early subacute stage ( 1~3 d) have important significance for clinical treatment of ICH.

Objective:To observe the changes in the anatomy of anterior segment before and after phacoemulsification for treatment of angle-closure glaucoma by Pentacam system,so as to assess the efficacy of phacoemulsification combined with artificial lens implantation(ALI)in treatment of early-and middle-stage angle-closure glaucoma.Methods:Forty-two patients with early-and middle-stage angle-closure glaucoma(44 eyes)were included in the present study.The central anterior chamber depth,anterior chamber volume and peripheral anterior chamber angle were examined by Pentacam system pre-operatively and 1 day,1 week and 3 months post operatively.Meanwhile,A ultrasound was used to examine the anterior chamber depth before and 3 months after operation.and the results were compared with those by Pentacam system.Results:Pentacam system could clearly demonstrate the 3-dimensional structures of the anterior eye segment before and after operation.The central anterior chamber depth,anterior chamber volume and anterior chamber angle were increased significantly after operation(P

Objective To investigate the effect of gender differences in distal femoral geometry on the clinical outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods From March 2003 to October 2006, 213 cases with 294 osteoarthritic knees who had underwent primary TKA were involved in the study. The study included 87 men (118 knees) and 126 women (176 knees) who had a mean age of 64.4 years. All the cases were assessed with the knee-rating system of Knee Society, the knee range of flexion (ROF), corrected posterior offset (PCO) and anterior condylar offset (ACO) based on sex. Results Each patient had a Minimum of 2 years follow-up. The preoperative Knee Society scores and ROF, the two-year postoperative changes of stability scores and walking ability had no differences between the two groups. While greater improvements of postoperative pain scores and stair-climbing ability were seen in male. Men had better intraoperative ROF than women had ones, but there were no gender differences with regard to the two-year postoperative improvement of ROF. Corrected PCO decreased more markedly in female than in male. Corrected ACO decreased equally in female and male. The difference in the posterior condylar offset after TKA was statistically correlated with the change in pain scores, stair climbing ability and intraoperative ROF, respectively. Conclusion Male had a better outcome than female did after TKA. Femoral components which designed in the light of Caucasian anatomic characteristics couldn't match the native anatomy of distal femurs of Chinese female. Sexual dimorphism in humans and anatomic variations in various ethnic groups should be seriously considered in total knee prosthesis design.