Objective To investigate the difference in detection results of electrolytes and glucose among arterial blood plasma , venous blood plasma ,arterial blood serum and venous blood serum .Methods Arterial and venous anticoagulation blood and coagu‐lation blood were collected from 54 patients at the same time ,1 tube for each blood sample .The corresponding plasma and serum were isolated .The levels of K+ ,Na+ ,Cl-and glucose(GLU) were determined by using the Johnson VITROS 5600 automatic dry biochemical analyzer .The detection results were performed the comparative analysis by using the statistical method .Results When the sample was serum ,the concentrations of Na+ ,Cl- ,GLU and serum K+ had statistically significant difference between arterial and venous blood(P<0 .05) ,when the sample was plasma ,the concentrations of Na+ ,Cl- and GLU had statistically significance between arterial and venous blood(P<0 .05);but the K+ concentration had no statistically significant difference between serum and plasma(P>0 .05) .In addition ,the GLU and K+ detection results had statistical difference between arterial serum and plasma(P<0 .05) ,while the Na+ and Cl- detection results had no statistically significant difference(P>0 .05);similarly ,the GLU and K+ de‐tection results had statistical difference between venous plasma and serum (P<0 .05) ,while the Na+ and Cl- detection results had no statistical difference(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Some differences in the detection results of electrolytes and glucose exist among ar‐terial plasma ,venous plasma ,arterial serum and venous serum ,clinic should pay attention to make a difference among different types of sample and establish the suitable reference ranges .have certainly difference in different types of specimens even detected by the same system .So we recommend that appropriate reference range is necessary for various kinds of specimens .

4-Hydroxycoumarins ; poisoning ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rodenticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the learning curve of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass ( MIDCAB) via left anterior small thoracotomy. Methods We retrospectively reviewed results of a consecutive series of 80 patients underwent MIDCAB via left anterior small thoracotomy performed by a single surgeon.The patients were divided into 4 groups ( group A, B, C, D, n=20 in each group) according to the sequence of the operation.The left internal mammary artery ( LIMA) harvesting time, anastomosis time, total operative time, the drainage volume of the first day postoperation, mechanical ventilation time, hospital stays postoperation, in-hospital morbidity and mortality were compared.The learning curve was assessed by means of regression analysis with logarithmic curve fitting. Results The basic clinical characters were similar in all groups before the operation.The operations were accomplished successfully in all the 80 cases.No intraoperative conversion to sternotomy, death, or perioperative myocardial infarction happened.The LIMA-harvesting time in the group B, C, and D was significantly shorter than that in the group A [(53.7 ±19.2) min, (50.2 ±17.7) min, and (43.2 ±10.3) min vs.(77.0 ±30.0) min, P =0.001, 0.000, and 0.000].There was no difference between group B and C, B and D, C and D in the LIMA-harvesting time (P>0.05).The total operative time in the group B, C, and D was significantly shorter than in the group A [ (128.7 ±21.7) min, (129.0 ±33.3) min, and (112.2 ±14.5) min vs. (165.2 ±41.8) min, all P=0.000], without difference between the group B and C, B and D, C and D (P>0.05).The learning curve models were obtained: LIMA-harvesting time ( min) =113.77 -16.869 × ln ( operation number); total operative time (min)=220.281 -25.276 ×ln (operation number). Conclusion MIDCAB via left anterior small thoracotomy is safe and effective, with a learning curve of approximately 20 cases.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Betaine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Genotype ; Homocysteine ; urine ; Humans ; Hydroxocobalamin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Infant ; Methylmalonic Acid ; blood ; urine ; Mutation ; Vitamin B 12 ; metabolism

Objective To observe the effects of prazosin on matrix metalloproteinase‐1(MMP‐1) and tissue inhibitor of met‐alloproteinase 1 (TIMP‐1) expression in atherosclerosis plaque of ApoE knock‐out(ApoE-/- ) mice model and to explore its anti‐atherosclerotic effect and mechanism .Methods Twenty‐four 8‐week‐old ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into the normal diet group ,high‐fat diet group and prazosin group ,8 cases in each group .The normal diet group was fed by common fodder ,while the high fat group and prazosin group were fed by high fat diet ;on the basis of the high fat diet ,the prazosin group was started to con‐duct gavage of prazosin hydrochloride 1 mg/kg every day ,while the normal diet group and the high fat diet group were daily ga‐vaged by the same volume of normal saline .The abdominal aortic venous blood after 12 weeks in each group was collected for detec‐ting the blood lipid levels .The aorta arterial blood sample was collected for detecting MMP‐1 and TIMP‐1 expression levels by im‐munohistochemistry .Results Compared with the high fat diet group ,the levels of serum TG ,TC and LDL‐C in the prazosin group were significantly decreased ,and the HDL‐C level was increased ,the differences were statistically significant (P< 0 .01 or P<0 .05);the area of aorta arterial atherosclerotic plaque and intima thickness were significantly increased ,while prazosin could signif‐icantly inhibit the plaque formation and intima hyperplasia ;compared with the normal diet group ,the expression level of MMP‐1 protein in the high fat diet group and prazosin group was significantly increased ,while the TIMP‐1 protein expression level was de‐creased ,moreover the MMP‐1 protein expression level in the prazosin group was lower than that in the high fat diet group ,while the TIMP‐1 protein expression level was higher than that in the high fat diet group ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Prazosin can decrease the level of TC and LDL‐C ,increase the HDL‐C level and has certain anti‐atherosclerotic effect ,its mechanism may be related with the decrease of the MMP‐1 level and the increase of the TIMP‐1 level in plaque .

The quality of the cost accounting in Military Hospital directly affects the hospital economic benefit and also affects the rivalrousness of the hospital. In this article,the reacquainting about the system of the medical cost accounting and the strengthening of the audit about the medical cost accounting are discussed.

Objective To explore the changes of cytokine levels and their roles in morbidity of autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD) in children.Methods The serum concentrations of interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),interferon-? (IFN-?) were determined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among 30 patients with Graves′ disease (GD) and 20 patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis(HT) and 30 children without AITD subjects.Results The serum levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in patients with GD were higher than those of subjects (Pa

Objective To detect anti-heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 (hnRNP A2)/RA33 antibody by ELISA with the purified recombinant hnRNP A2 antigen. Methods The serum of 179 patients with RA, 141 patients with SLE, 97 patients with other diffused rheumatic diseases, 30 patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathies, 10 patients with osteoarthritis, 59 patients with arthralgia/arthritis and 40 controls were detected. In addition, clinical characters and laboratory indexes were compared to study the significance of anti-hnRNP A2/RA33 antibody in RA. Results The sensitivity and specificity of anti-hnRNP A2/RA33 antibody in RA were 36.9% and 87.1%. The positive rates of anti-hnRNP A2/RA33 antibody in SLE, other CTD, seronegative spondyloarthropathies and OA were 19.2%, 7.2%, 6.8% and 0. The positive rate of anti-hnRNP A2/RA33 antibody was 43.3% in early RA patients. Conclusion Detection of anti- hnRNP A2/RA33 antibody with purified recombinant hnRNP A2 antigen is a reliable method for early diagnosis of RA.

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphism in methylenetetra-hydrofolate reductase (MTHFR ) and acute cerebral infarction (CI), observe the variation regular of fasting plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level.Methods Using Homocysteine Microplate STE Assay to examine the fasting plasma homocysteine level of 28 CI patients during their initial stage (flaring up between 1 to 3 days) and later stage (flaring up 10 to 15 days) of acute period and 27 healthy controls. The presence of the MTHFR genetic type was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and subsequent restriction enzyme digestion.Results There was no significant difference among the three MTHFR genotypes in distributed frequency of the CI group, normal controls and the 677 allelic gene (P>0.05). The discrepancy of Hcy level in various kinds of genotypes: heterozygote mutation and homozygoto mutation were much higher than wild type (P<0.01). Homozygoto mutation was higher than heterozygote mutation, but there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). The high homocysteine of group CI during the acute early stage were found out more frequent than normal control (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of fasting plasma Hcy level between the initial stage and later stage of CI group which were in acute period (P>0.05), both of the Results were higher than normal control (P<0.01). There was no significant difference among the Hcy level of various genetypes in CI group during the initial stage and later stage of acute period (P<0.05).Conclusion MTHFR gene C677T mutation is one of the cause of high homocystinemia, while it dose not lead to CI directly. High Hcy level is the independent risk factor of CI, but has no concern to the course of acute CI.

Animal Feed ; Animals ; Cysteamine ; Female ; Goats ; Mammary Glands, Animal ; growth & development ; physiology