Objective To establish a capillary gas chromatography method for the determination of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in workplace air.Methods Using dichloromethane as the eluent,the air was drawn through a glass fiber filter to collect TNT,TNT was extracted from the filter with dichloromethane by an ultrasonic shaker,and the sample was analyzed by OV-17 elastic quartz electron capture detector capillary gas chromatography.Results Under the optimal condition,the lowest detection limit was 0.006 ?g/ml,the lowest detection concentration was 0.001 3 mg/m~3 (based on 45 L air sample).When the concentration of standard solution was 0.040-2.0 ?g/ml,the linear equation was good,r=0.999 8,RSDs were between 0.66%-3.62%,the recovery rates were 90.4%-95.5%.When sample was collected by fiberglass filter paper,the efficiency of desorption was more than 90%,and was stable for at least 7 days at 2℃-8℃.Conclusion This method is applicable to the determination of trinitrotoluene in workplace air.

Objective.To probe into the influence of Jiannao Anshen Capsule of Miao medicine on the behavioral performance,content of cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1),neuroendocrine hormone melatonin (MT) and monoamine neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) of rats with sleep deprival.Methods All of the 60 rats were evenly and randomly divided into 5 groups:the normal control group,model control group,estazolam group,Zaoren Anshen group,and Jiannao Anshen of Miao medicine group,respectively.Every group had 12 rats.Sleep deprivation rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenyla lanice (PCPA).After successful modeling,the rats were intragastrically administrated with corresponding medicines.The contents of serum 5-HT,IL-1 and MT and the contents of 5-HT,MT in brain tissue were determined.Results Behavioral score,the contents of 5-HT,MT and IL-1 in serum and the contents of 5-HT,MT in brain tissue in insomnia rats caused by PCPA were significantly decreased as compared with normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).In the Jiannao Anshen group,estazolam group and Zaoren Anshen group,the behavioral score,the content of 5-HT,MT and IL-1 in serum and the content of 5-HT and MT in brain tissue of insomnia rats were significantly increased as compared with model control group (P ＜ 0.05).The behavioral score,the content of 5-HT,MT and IL-1 in serum and the content of 5-HT and MT in brain tissue of insomnia rats were not statistically significant different among Jiannao Anshen group,estazolam group and Zaoren Anshen group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Jiannao Anshen capsule of Miao medicine could obviously improve the sleep quality of rats with sleep deprival.The mechanism may be related to improving the content of IL-1,MT and 5-HT.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Batroxobin and Urokinase on brain of diabetic rats following focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. To investigate the preventive mechanism of Batroxobin following focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in diabetic rats after thrombolysis therapy.MethodsDiabetic rat was induced by administrating streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Rat model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury induced by intraluminal filament occlusion of middle cerebral artery(MCA) that removed 2h later was used. Batroxobin and Urokinase were administrated intravenously in different groups. Infarct volume,cerebral hemorrhage and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2,MMP-9 were detected at 2h,24h,48h after ischemia and reperfusion injury.ResultsThe significant decrease of infarct volume were observed in Batroxobin and Urokinase groups. There were 5 rats observed cerebral hemorrhage in Urokinase group and no cerebral hemorrhage in Batroxobin group. The number of MMP-2 and MMP-9 positive cells in Batroxobin and Batroxobin Urokinase groups decreased compared with saline and Urokinase groups. ConclusionBatroxobin can decrease the infarct volume significantly without the complication of cerebral hemorrhage after ischemia and reperfusion injury in diabetic rats, which maybe relate to down regulation of the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

OBJECTIVETo explore the incidence, degree, and pattern of rib cartilage calcification in congenital microtia patients, in order to provide reference for harvesting the rib cartilage, sculpturing cartilage framework.

METHODSFrom Jun. 2013 to Nov. 2014, 383 patients (age range, 6-45 years) underwent CT scans of the chest. 11 patients with bony diseases or traumatic history were excluded. The remaining 372 patients were divided by age into four groups as 6-15, 16-25, 26-35, 36-45 years old. Twenty patients (10 male and 10 female) were selected by the order of patient identification number in each age group, thus selecting a total of 80 patients (40 male and 40 female). Retrospective study of CT scans of the chest in 80 patients and the incidence, degree, and pattern of cartilage calcification of the sixth to eighth ribs were noted. A chi-square test is conducted to test whether there are significant difference between the variables through the SPSS 19.0 software.

RESULTSOverall, 40.4% (194/480) cartilage was calcified; female patients (47.50%, 114/240) showed higher frequency of calcification than male patients (33.33%, 80/240, P = 0. 025). Calcification rates of all age groups are 1.7% (2/120), 46.7% (56/ 120), 49.2% (59/120), 64.2% (77/120). Calcification rate of 6-15 years group is lowest in all groups (P < 0.05) while other three groups have no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Calcification rates of the sixth and sevent rib cartilage were higher than those of the eighth rib cartilage in all age groups except 6-15 years group, who had a similar rate of all three ribs. Calcification rate of all three rib cartilage was significantly increased with age. Calcification rates of the amle's rib cartilage and the female's in all age groups are 3.3% (2/60) and 0.0% (0/60) (6-15 years): 33.3% (20/60) and 60.0% (36/60) (16-25 years): 40.0% (24/60) and 58.3% (35/60) (26-35 years), 56.7% (34/60) and 71.2% (43/60) (36-45 years). In 6-15 years group calcification rates of male and female had a similar rate, while female's rates were higher than male's rates in other three groups. Male and females mainly had the granular type of calcification [70.0% (56/80), 63.2% (72/114)].

CONCLUSIONSFemales who are over 16 years old should pay more attention to the possibility of middle-severe calcification before harvesting rib cartilage. These patients should take CT examination if necessary. In addition, the patients who had previous operation, or traumatic history, rib deformity, or spine deformity should select the CT examination.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Cartilage Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Child ; Congenital Microtia ; Costal Cartilage ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of the method by using an expanded post-auricular skin flap combined with autologous rib cartilage framework for correction of concha-type microtia.

METHODSThe operation were performed in three stages. The expander was implanted under post-auricular skin at the first stage and expanded skin flap was formed. At the second stage, the expander was taken out and the expanded skin flap was transferred with autologous rib cartilage framework and skin graft for correction of microtia. At the third stage, the reconstructed ear was revised and new concha was formed.

RESULTSFrom August 2008 to August 2011, 108 cases with 113 concha-type microtia were corrected by this method. All patients healed primarily and were followed up for 6 months to 3 years. The reconstructed ears had a good appearance and position, and were symmetric to ear on the healthy sides.

CONCLUSIONSUsing expanded post-auricular skin flap combined with autologous rib cartilage framework is a reliable method for concha-type microtia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cartilage ; transplantation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Ribs ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Expansion ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the changes of blood coagulation factors and inflammatory factors and the regulatin effect of Omegaven.Methods: Thirty ICU patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Omegaven group and control group.Serum concentrations of NF-κB、PGF1α、Eselectin、sICAM-1、TAT、D-dimer、TMD、PF1+2 were measured before and after parenteral nutrition.Results: Patients in control group had significantly higher NF-κB、Eselectin、sICAM-1、TAT、D-dimer、TMD、PF1+2 concentration,lower PGF1α concentration.Patients treated with Omegaven had significantly lower NF-κB、Eselectin、sICAM-1、TAT、D-dimer、TMD、PF1+2 concentration,higher PGF1α concentration.Conclusion: Omegaven can suppress inflammatory reaction and improve coagulopathy.

A design scheme of a tele-screening system for diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been proposed, especially the communication subsystem. The scheme uses serial communication module consisting of ARM 7 microcontroller and relays to connect remote computer and fundus camera, and also uses C++ programming language based on MFC to design the communication software consisting of therapy and diagnostic information module, video/audio surveillance module and fundus camera control module. The scheme possesses universal property in some remote medical treatment systems which are similar to the system.
Computers ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Programming Languages ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bacterial pneumonia and the predictive value of early serum procalcitonin (PCT) level for bacterial pneumonia and sepsis classification in patients with acute stroke. Methods The patients with acute stroke in neurological intensive care unit were enroled retrospectively and divided into either a bacterial pneumonia group or a non-infection group according to whether they had bacterial pneumonia or not. The former was redivided into a non-severe sepsis subgroup and a severe sepsis subgroup according to the sepsis classification. The demographics, baseline clinical data, and PCT level (the bacterial pneumonia group was the PCT level when infection occurred, the non-infection group was the PCT level within 24 h of admission) were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for bacterial pneumonia. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum PCT level for bacterial pneumonia and sepsis
classification. Results A total of 164 patients with acute stroke were enroled in the study, including 114 in the bacterial pneumonia group (66 in the non-severe sepsis subgroup and 48 in the severe sepsis subgroup) and 50 in the non-infection group. There were significant differences in age, fasting blood glucose level, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, and PCT level between the bacterial pneumonia group and the non-infection group (P < 0. 05 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fasting blood glucose level ≥7 mmol/L (odds ratio [ OR] 8. 488, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 2. 739 - 26. 300; P < 0. 01), GCS score ≤8 (OR 11. 361, 95% CI 2. 175 - 59. 352; P < 0. 01), and PCT level ≥0. 050 ng/ml (OR 16. 715, CI 5. 075 - 55. 049; P < 0. 01) were the independent risk factors for bacterial pneumonia. In the bacterial pneumonia group, the PCT level (median; interquartile range) in the severe sepsis subgroup was significantly higher than that in the non-severe sepsis subgroup (0. 835 [ 0. 164 - 1. 715 ] ng/ml vs. 0. 114 [0. 073 - 0. 275 ] ng/ml; Z = 4. 818, P < 0. 01 ). ROC curve analysis showed that PCT ≥0. 070 ng/ml could better predict the occurrence of bacterial pneumonia in patients with acute stroke, with sensitivity of 84. 2% , specificity of 74. 0% and the area under the ROC curve of 0. 865 (CI 0. 806 - 0. 924, P < 0. 01); PCT 0. 669 ng/mlcould better predict the occurrence of severe sepsis in acute stroke patients with bacterial pneumonia, with sensitivity of 56. 3% , specificity of 92. 4% and the area under the ROC curve of 0. 765 (CI 0. 672 - 0. 858; P < 0. 01). Conclusions The early PCT level ≥0. 050 ng/ml was an independent risk factor for occurring bacterial pneumonia in patients with acute stroke, its level had certaln predictive value for bacterial pneumonia and the severity of infection.

0.05).Conclusion Long-term inhaled glucocorticosteroids has no obvious effect on GH and height growth of asthmatic children.

The effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in low doses supplementation on concentrations of polar retinoid metabolites (PRM) and retinoids in the ethanol-fed rat liver, and on hepatocyte injury were investigated. The rat model of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was induced by intragastric infusion of ethanol, and then the rats were administrated with ATRA in two different doses (150 microg/kg body weight and 1.5 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. Concentrations of retinoids in rat liver and plasma were determined by using HPLC. Liver tissues pathologic changes were observed under the light microscopy and electron microscopy. The serum transaminases concentrations were measured. The results showed that the HPLC analysis of retinoids revealed that retinoids (vitamin A, RA, retinyl palmitate) concentrations in ethanol-fed rat liver and RA concentration in ethanol-fed rat plasma were markedly diminished (P<0.01) after ethanol feeding for 12 weeks. Furthermore, obvious peaks of PRM were formed in livers of ethanol-fed rats. ATRA 150 microg/kg supplementation in ethanol-fed rats for 4 weeks raised RA concentration in both liver and plasma, and also raised vitamin A concentration in liver to control levels, partially restored retinyl palmitate concentration (P<0.05) in liver. ATRA 1.5 mg/kg supplementation raised not only RA concentrations in liver and plasma but also retinyl palmitate concentrations in liver. However, the vitamin A concentration in liver of ATRA-supplemented rats (1.5 mg/kg) was higher than that of controls (P<0.05). The histologic observation of liver tissues indicated that ATRA treatment notably alleviated hepatocellular swelling, steatosis, the swelling of mitochondria and proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). ATRA treatment greatly decreased levels of serum transaminases as compared with the only ethanol-fed group (P<0.05). It was concluded that low-dose ATRA treatment could restore retinoids concentrations and abolish the PRM formation in liver of ALD rats, and then ameliorate the injury of liver cells.