Exosome is a self-secreted phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles, and has shown great potential in drug delivery field due to the important advantages of low immunogenicity and homologous targeting. Phototherapy, mainly includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), utilize light to activate photoactive drug for tumor cell killing. The advanced therapeutic strategy shows low toxic side-effect and non-invasion precise advantages, and thus has made great progress in tumor treatment over the past few years. Therefore, using exosomes as a drug delivery system to deliver phototherapeutic agents can improve therapeutic performances with a reduced side-effect, and further enhance their application potential for clinical tumor therapy. This review focus on the rising cross-subjects field involving exosomes and phototherapy, and mainly introduce the research progress and relative case of exosomes-based delivery system for cancer phototherapy. Additionally, the advantages and challenges of exosome-based phototherapy are also discussed and proposed.

Adult ; Aged ; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; methods ; Dental Implantation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Middle Aged

Anthracosis ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Artery

Objective:To explore the influence of liquid for post-operative irrigation on the effect of ESS.Method:192 cases with chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps of groupIIstageII who had undergone the ESS from September,1998 to June,1999 and completed a3-month follow-up were divided randomly into 3 groups to accept 3 different kinds of irrigation liquid.The evaluation of curative effect was according to the index of HaiKou ESS-97.Result:The curative effect of Herba Houttuyniae group was better than the other two.Conclusion:The post-operative care is important and the irrigation liquid can affect the effect of ESS.

Objective To investigate the effects of three procedures for hysterectomy.Methods The clinical characteristics of 370 cases who respectively received hysterectomy by total transabdominal hysterectomy(TAH,150 cases),transvaginal hysterectomy(TVH,120 cases),or laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy(LAVH,100 cases)were analyzed and their effects and outcomes and the expenses for medical treatment were compared from 2000 January to 2005 December.Results The average operation time of TAH,TVH and LAVH was(78?28) minutes,(102?35)minutes,(119?28)minutes respectively.The average operation time of TAH was significantly shorter than that of TVH and LAVH groups(P＜0.01).The volume of hemorrhage during operation in TAH group was less than that of other two groups significantly[TAH(53?29)ml,TVH(110?35)ml,LAVH(93?50 )ml](P＜0.01).The average time of bowel function recovery in TAH group[(42?7)hours]was significantly longer than that of TVH[(23?5)hours]or LAVH[(25?4) hours]groups(P＜0.01).The average hospital stay after opera- tion in TAH[(8.9?1.1)days]group was significantly longer than that of TVH[(5.7?2.4)days]or LAVH [(6.3?1.9)days] groups(P＜0.01).The average expenses for medical treatment in LAVH[(7273?938)yuans] group was significantly more than that of TAH[(5594?308)yuans]or TVH[(5450?167)yuans]groups(P＜0.01).But the lesion and the complication after operation of three groups had no difference.Conclusion Different procedures for total hysterectomy have their own advantage and disadvantage.The operation procedure must take ac- count of the economy,echnique of medical treatment and the condition of the hospital.

Objective:To investigate the preemptive analgesic effect of flurbiprofen on inflammatory cytokine in patients undergoing cerebral operation.Methods:Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients undergoing cerebral surgery were randomly divided into control group(group C,n=20)and flurbiprofen group(group F,n=20).Flurbipmfen of 10 mL was given intravenously 15 min before skin incision.The values of VAS scores were recorded at 2 h,24 h and 48 h after operation.Blood samples were taken for determination of serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 immediately before induction of anesthesia(T1,baseline),at 2 h of operation (T2),immediately after the end of operation (T3) and 24 h after operation (T4).The parameters of anaesthesia time,hemorrhage volume,urine volume,transfusion volume and the dosage of remifentanil and propofol were recorded during the period of anaesthesia.Results:The VAS score was lower in group F than that in group C at 2 h and 24 h after operation (P＜0.05),but there was no difference at 48 h after operation between the two groups(P＞0.05).The dosages of remifentanil and propofol were lower during anaesthesia in group F than that in group C(P＜0.05).Compared with T1,TNF-α was significantly increased at T2 and T3 in both groups,and the peak value at T2 (P＜0.05).TNF-α was decreased at T2-T4 in group F than that in group C(P＜0.05).Compared with T1,the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased at T2-T4 in both groups,and the peak value at T3(P＜O.05).The value of IL-6 was decreased and the value of IL-10 was increased at T2-T4 in group F than those in group C (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Flurbiprofen was suitable as a preemptive analgesia and could suppress stress reaction of inflammatory in neurosurgery.

Currently ,EphB receptor has been demonstrated as an important factor on the biological be -havior of normal cells .Some studies found that it plays an important role in the regulation of normal cell morpholo -gy,cell adhesion ,migration and angiogenesis .There is a certain relationship between abnormal expression of EphB receptor with a variety of tumor development .Visiblely,EphB receptor is important research direction in cancer studies,understanding the relationship between EphB receptor and tumor can better realize the progress of the tumor,and further to provide more scientific basis for cancer treatment and prevention .

0.05. All arose in the pelvis. 5 year′s survival rate in group Ⅰ was (53.2?1.9)% and (67.3?1.6)% in group Ⅱ, P

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of ?-sodium aeacine in treating chest trauma.Methods: One hundred and sixty patients with chest trauma were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the study group.The control group was treated by conventional method,while in addition to the conventional treatment,the study group was also treated with ?-sodium aeacine,10 mg of ?-sodium aeacine in 250 ml 10% glucose solution for intravenous drip,30 to 40 drops/min,twice a day for 10 days(one therapeutic course).Results: The effective and total effective rates of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group(the effective rate(62.5% vs.22.5%) and the total effective rate(97.5% vs.66.3%),both P

The obese children are increasing at a surprisingly high annual rate of 9.1 percent in China.Meanwhile children are lack of health consciousness and self-protection,thus obese children are more vulnerable towards obesity.Since parents are responsible for their children's daily lives and behaviors,the health education of obesity should be started with those parents with obese children.This paper calls to carry out health education aimed at parents of obese children through multiple means such as community health services,taking advantage of public media and establishing specific clubs,in order to effectively control the increase of obese children.