Fluorescent probes are potential fluorophores that display signals based on the changes in tissue microenvironment, interactions with analytes or specific biochemical reactions. Metabolic enzymes are the most important protein involved in bacteria activities. Complex dynamics of biological processes in bacteria are elucidated by these metabolic enzymes-based fluorescent probes with high spatial resolution and sensitivity. Here, we review recent advances in metabolic enzyme-responsive fluorescent probes for bacteria imaging. It was organized according to enzyme classification systems, focused on fluorescence masking strategies, molecular mechanisms of enzyme activation, and bio-related applications.

OBJECTIVE:To compare pharmacokinetic parameters of the common tablets and sustained-release melatonin tablets in beagle dogs in vivo.METHODS:The blood concentration of melatonin of6Beagle dogs was determined by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with3p97software after administered random crossover with single dose of sustained-release melatonin tablets6mg or the common tablets3mg.RESULTS:The concentration-time curves of both the common tablets and sustained-release melatonin tablets were in conformity with two-compartment model,C max of common tablets and sustained-release tablets were(11.27?3.77)ng/ml and(8.31?5.11)ng/ml respectively,t max of which were(0.50?0.18)h and(1.00?0.37)h respectively,t 1/2ke of which were(1.21?0.52)h and(3.27?0.89)h,AUC 0～t of which were(25.23?7.71)(ng?h)/ml and(38.03?16.45)(ng?h)/ml respectively.CONCLUSION:Compared with the common tablets,the sustained-release tablets showed slower absorption,longer peak time,lower peak concentration,slower elimination and longer duration.

Objective To observe the influence of Fibronectin-Thrombopoietin(FN-TPO) gene modified human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on the engraftment of cord blood hematopoietic stem cells.Methods FN-TPO gene modified human bone marrow MSCs combined with cord blood mononuclear cells(CB-MNC) were transplanted to sublethal dose treated severe combined immunodeficiency disease(SCID) mice.After transplantation,these mice were observed for 4 weeks.Peripheral blood cell counts were performed at different time point to assay the hematopoietic system status of the mice.Four weeks after the transplantation,human-sourced cell integration was assayed by flow cytometry(FCM) and polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Results One week after the cell transplantation,every main index of the peripheral blood cell counts in the gene modified group was higher than that in the control groups(P

It is pointed out that nursing personnel at the clinical forefront are a high-risk group for occupational injuries. The risk factors include: lack of knowledge on occupational injuries and their prevention in elementary and continuing education; various factors affecting nursing personnel's physical health, such as drug-dissolving facilities for the special purpose of chemotherapy, imperfect clean work station or relatively hermetical drug-dissolving environment ; increase of diseases that could be easily contracted in the hospital, such as hepatitis B, with the stabbing of nursing personnel by sharp medical instruments infected by blood or saliva being the main route of their occupational infection. The disadvantageous impact of occupation on their health puts nursing personnel under great psychological pressure. In order to safeguard their physical and mental health, it is imperative to put knowledge on hospital infection, occupational injuries and health maintenance on the curriculum of medical colleges and universities, reinforce nursing personnel's training in occupational safety, and take measures to prevent occupational injuries, such as using disposable gloves when dispensing medicines in chemotherapeutic drug centers.

Objective To investigate the influence of tooth preparation surface roughness and different dental ce-ments on adhesive strength, and provide some reference information on the selection of dental rotary instruments and dental cements. Methods Sixty dentin samples were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups. Samples from group A, B and C were grinded by diamond burs with grit-sizes of 125μm, 60μm and 28μm respectively. Two samples selected randomly from each group were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the surface microprofile. The remaining 18 samples from each group were evenly divided into 3 subgroups. Each subgroup was teamed with one of 3 dental cements:zinc polycarboxylate cement (ZP), glass ionomer cement (GI) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI). Co-Cr alloy casts were cemented onto the dentin samples, and the adhesive strength was tested. Meanwhile, the types of failure were re-corded for each sample. Results The surface roughness of tooth preparation samples showed a downward trend in group A, group B and group C. Among the involved 3 dental cements, RMGI exhibited the highest adhesive strength, and there was no significant difference in the adhesive strength between ZP and GI. Among different combination subgroups, A-RMGI had the highest adhesive strength, B-RMGI run the second place, while C-ZP and C-GI were proved the lowest. However, there was no interaction between the two factors. Furthermore, group A mainly showed failure typesⅠandⅡ, group B evenly showed all the failure types and group C mainly showed failure typesⅡandⅢ. Conclusion The adhesive strength is related to the surface roughness. RMGI exhibits the highest adhesive efficiency. There is no obvious compatibility in particular surface roughness and dental cements.

Point-of-care pulmonary ultrasound is a widely used tool for rapid diagnosis and monitoring treatment in emergency departments and intensive care units.Pulmonary ultrasound has high sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic accuracy in identification of pneumonia,pneumothorax,pulmonary-embolism,pleural effusion,alveolar interstitial syndrome,etc.Besides,it can assess the lung aeration from interstitial syndrome to lung consolidation.Additionally,it provides real-time information of treatment response.Lung ulrasound applications in pulmonary disease were reviewed in this article.

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations in mesenteric injury.Methods CT imaging data were analyzed retrospectively in 28 patients with mesenteric injury caused by abdominal trauma,of which 26 patients were confirmed by surgery and 2 patients received conservative treatment.Results CT showed simple mesenteric injury in 5 cases,and multiple organ injury in other 23 cases.Only 18 cases were dignosed by preoperative abdominal CT,and the rate of missed diagnosis was 36%.Conclusion Multi-slice CT is an important evaluation method for the detection of acute mesenteric injury.

Objective To investigate relationship between insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function with body mass index (BMI) and age in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Totally, 304 patients with T2DM newly-diagnosed at admission to the first hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu province, during 2006 to 2007 were recruited in the study. The patients were divided into three groups based on WHO criteria of obesity in Asia Pacific Region in 2003, 68 cases with normal weight ( 18. 5≤ BMI ＜ 23.0), 69 in overweight (23.0 ≤ BMI ＜ 25.0), and 167 in obesity (BMI≥25.0). Fasting serum glucose, glycesylated hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) and lipids were measured for all the subjects, as well as oral glucose tolerance test (OGTr), C-peptide releasing tests and determination of serum insulin performed. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), insulinogenic index (AI30/AG30) and modified beta-cell function index (MBCI) werecalculated to evaluate their insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function of the islets. All these parameters werecompared between the three groups and subgroups. Results HOMA-IR and MBCI were significantly higherin T2DM patients with obesity than those in the groups with normal weight and over-weight ( P < 0. 05 ).AI30/AG30 in obesity group was significantly higher than that in the group with normal weight (P <0. 05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI independently correlated with HOMA-IR ( P < O. 05 ).Sub-group analysis showed that △I30/△G30 and MBCI were significantly higher in those aged 60 years and over with obesity than those in the groups aged less than 60 years ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Non-obese patients with newly diagnosed T2DM have more severe impaired insulin secretion than that in obese ones,and their insulin resistance increases with BMI. Age has no significant correlation with pancreatic beta-cell function or insulin sensitivity.

Objective To study the variation of acute blood pressure in different subtypes of first ischemic stroke,and investigate the influence on the prognosis.Methods A total of 710 patients with first ischemic stroke were selected.The blood pressure levels were monitored during the initial 7 hospital days.Clinical outcome was based on the combined analysis of Barthel index and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on the 180th day.In the subtypes of large artery atherothrombosis(LAA),cardioembolism (CE),small artery disease occlusion (SAO) were 400,160,150 cases.Logistic regression model was used to estimate the influencing factors on the prognosis.Results An U-shaped effect was observed in different subtypes between blood pressure on admission,average acute blood pressure and prognosis.In the subtypes of LAA and CE,those who had a basehne systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140-159 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) or a baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90-99 mm Hg on admission got good prognosis.In the subtypes of SAO,those who had a baseline blood pressure of 130/95 mm Hg on admission got good prognosis.In all subtypes,the average blood pressure of 150/95 mm Hg got good prognosis.In the subtypes of LAA and CE,those who had a baseline SBP of 120-159 mm Hg or a baseline DBP of 80-99 mm Hg within 7 d after admission got good prognosis.In the subtypes of SAO,those who had a baseline blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg within 7 d after admission got good prognosis.In all subtypes,the average blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg within 7 d after admission got good prognosis.Logistic regression analysis revealed that the decrease of blood pressure during the first 24 hours,deterioration within 7 d after admission,acute complication,NIHSS score on admission were the independent risk factors of prognosis,while antihypertensive therapy in the acute phase was the independent protection factor in the subtypes of LAA and CE.In the subtypes of SAO,acute complication was the independent risk factor of prognosis.Conclusions An U-shaped effect is observed in different subtypes between blood pressure on admission and prognosis.In the subtypes of LAA and CE,the decrease of blood pressure during the first 24 hours,deterioration within 7 d after admission,acute complication,NIHSS score on admission are the independent risk factors of prognosis.

Using MS as basic medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg · L(-1) IBA, the adventitious roots of Tripterygium wilfordii were induced, and the good adventitious root culture system was established by leaves or callus induced by leaves as explants. The adventitious roots were also induced with 2.0-4.0 mg · L(-1) NAA and the good adventitious root culture system established by using suspension cells from callus as materials to induce adventitious root. The content of triptolide of three adventitious roots culture system were exceeded in the natural root bark. The content of triptolide of AR3 adventitious roots was the highest about 5.3 times as that in the natural root bark. By using 5 L stirred fermentor during pilot enlarge cultivation, compared with 250 mL flask cultivation, the adventitious roots increment and secondary metabolites content per liter medium showed no significant difference. The accomplishment of this analysis laid a foundation by tissue culture production of the secondary metabolites of T. wilfordii.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Plant Growth Regulators ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tripterygium ; growth & development ; metabolism