0.05).Conclusion The increasing of IL-15 in peripheral blood after MP infection may play a role in bronchitic asthma pathogenesis.

Objective To study the relationship between Treg cell numbers and level of TGF-β1,IL-10 in the immune microenvironment of rat liver cancer.Method 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups,liver cancer model group (n =20),saline control group (n =10) and blank control group (n =10).Liver cancer model was established by intraperitoneal injection of DEN (100 mg/kg).Percentage of Treg cells in cancer tissues was detected by fiow cytometry and the expression level of TGF-β1 and IL-10 by immunohistochemical SABC.Results The ratio of Treg cells in CD4 + T cells was 14.32％ ± 4.84％ in liver cancer tissues,significantly higher than that in the blank control group 5.64％ ±6.10％ and the saline control group 7.95％ ±3.55％.The difference was statistically significant (F =211.279,P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of TGF-β1 and IL-10 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than the blank control group and the saline control group (FTGF-β1 =250.740,FIL-10 =152.744,all P ＜0.05).The number of Treg cells was positively correlated with TGF-β1,IL-10 level (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions TGF-β1,IL-10 and Treg cells significantly increased in rat experimental liver cancer tissues,and there was positive correlation between Treg cells,and TGF-β1 and IL-10 in liver cancer tissues.

A Review: A concept of tissue adaptation to hypoxia (i. e. hypoxic preconditioning) was developed and its corresponding animal models were reproduced in 1966s. The methods of model reproduction in rat, rabbit, and mouse in particular and the main results are briefly introduced in this review. The tolerance to hypoxia of preconditioned animals is significantly increased. Regular changes in animals' behavior, neurophysiology, respiratory and circulatory physiology, neuron morphology in vivo and function of brain and spinal cord in vitro are briefly demonstrated. The protective effects in vivo and in vitro of homogenate extract taken from the brain of preconditioned animals, neurochemicals and molecular neurobiological alterations are briefly presented. The essence and significance of tissue adaptation to hypoxia/hypoxic preconditioning are discussed in the review in terms of evolution and practical implication.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Mice ; Rabbits ; Rats

Objective To establish uremic atherosclerosis models in apoE~(-/-) mice and evaluate its feasibility.Methods Totally 70 6-week-old male apoE~(-/-) mice were randomized into 2 groups,uremic group(n=35) and nonuremic control group(n=35).All mice were fed with a Western diet.Uremic group mice underwent partial kidney ablation with electrocoagulation of right renal cortex followed by left total nephrectomy in 2 weeks later and control animals underwent sham operation.Serum levels of urea,total cholesterol and triglycerides were assessed at 0,2,4,6 and 8 weeks after the first surgery.The cross-section surface area of the lesion and the lesion area fraction were assessed.Results At 6 weeks after nephrectomy,the level of serum urea in chronic renal failure(CRF) mice was 188.3% higher than that of control mice,and total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were increased by 40.8% and 29.8% than those of nonuremic controls,respectively(P

Objective To evaluate the CT features and the role of CT in the diagnosis of Crohn′s disease. Methods CT manifestations of 18 patients with pathology confirmed Crohn′s disease were retrospectively analyzed. The majority of the patients were scanned with spiral CT or multidetector row CT.Results All 18 patients, segmental thickening of the bowel wall was detected. There were two different appearances in contrast-enhanced CT scans: (1) mural thickening without enhancement or mural stratification, and homogeneous attenuation in the thickened wall were observed in 7 patients; (2) mural thickening and stratification, resulting in the target or double-halo appearance, were detected in 11 patients, and the bowel wall thickening ranged from 5 to 10 mm. Nine patients had perienteric abnormalities including fibrofatty proliferation, phlegmon and mesenteric hypervascularity. According to the CT manifestations, 5 patients were initially diagnosed as other diseases including intestinal obstruction (1 case), tuberculosis (1 case), cancer (2 cases), and abscess (1 case), respectively. Conclusion CT has the unparalleled ability to depict the abnormalities in the bowel wall, mesentery, abdominal and pelvic viscera, and contrast-enhanced CT can distinguish active Crohn′s disease from quiescent Crohn′s disease. These features make CT particularly valuable in the management of Crohn′s disease.

Objective To measure and conduct statistic analysis of normal eyes by Pentacam. Methods Two hundred and twenty-one healthy people (442 eyes) underwent examinations of Pentacam, and they were divided into 5 groups by age: <40 years old group (50 people, 100 eyes), 40-49 years old group (50 people, 100 eyes), 50-59 years old group (50 people, 100 eyes), 60-69 years old group (50 people, 100 eyes) and >70 years old group (21 people, 42 eyes). Results With the increase of age, there were significant differences in chamber volume, chamber angle and anterior chamber depth among age groups (P<0.05). In elder age groups, there were significant differences in these parameters between males and females (P<0.01). Conclusion Anterior segment parameters are significantly correlated with age. After 60 years old, the anterior segment parameters become significantly different with gender.

Objective To study the distribution of variable number tande repeat(VNTR) polymorphisms of the platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅰ b? in Han nationality at Harbin and the relationship between these polymorpbisms and cerebral infarction(CI).Methods The identification of alleles and genotypes of VNTR polymorphism of the glycoprotein Ⅰ b? gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)in 200 healthy individuls and 200 CI patients(77 lacunar infarction patients and 123 atherosclerotic thrombotic infarction patients),to analyze The relationship between gene polymorphisms and cerebral infarction.Results(1)There were three types of alleles:B、C、D,and five types genotypes:BC,BD,CC, CD,DD in Harbin Han nationality.No person with A allele and BB genotype was found.(2)No statistically significant differences of GP Ⅰ b? gene VNTR polymorphism was found between CI patients or subtype CI patients and controls(P=0.412 and 0.572,respectively).Conclusions(1)This study indicates that the C and D alleles of VNTR polymorphisms of GP Ⅰ b? are the main alleles while the CC and CD genotypes are the main genotypes in Harbin Han people.(2)Our findings indicate that no association exists between the VNTR polymorphism of platelet GP Ⅰ b? gene and CI.

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the leaves of Camptotheca acuminante in Guizhou.METHODS:HPLC method was performed.The determination was performed on Gemini-NX C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 370 ran,and the column temperature maintained at 30 2.The sample size was 10 μtL.Using sorbitol as a reference,HPLC fingerprints of 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminante were determined.The chromatographic fingerprint was analyzed with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM (2004 A) in terms of common peak indentification,similarity evaluation and cluster analysis.RESULTS:There were 10 common peaks in HPLC fingerprints for 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate.And the similarity of 13 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate was greater than 0.90,and that of another one was less than 0.90.The leaves of C.acuminate were classified into 3 groups.CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for identification and quality evaluation of the leaves of C.acuminate.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on necroptosis during liver injury in septic rats.Methods Eighteen SPF adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-220 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group SH),sepsis group (group SEP) and dexmedetomidine group (group DEX).Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats in SEP and DEX groups.Dexmedetomidine 5 μg/kg was injected via the caudal vein at 1 h before operation in group DEX.Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein at 6 h after operation for determination of serum aspartate amino-transferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations.The rats were then sacrificed and livers were removed for determination of the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in liver tissues (using chemiluminescence assay) and expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1),RIP3,mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL),high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drpl) in liver tissues (by Western blot).Results Compared with group SH,the serum AST and ALT concentrations were significantly increased,the expression of RIP1,RIP3,MLKL,HMGB1 and Drpl in liver tissues was up-regulated,and the level of ROS in liver tissues was increased in SEP and DEX groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group SEP,the serum AST and ALT concentrations were significantly decreased,the expression of RIP1,RIP3,MLKL,HMGB1 and Drp1 in liver tissues was down-regulated,and the level of ROS in liver tissues was decreased in group DEX (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine attenuates liver injury may be related to inhibition of necroptosis in septic rats.

Objective To evaluate the role of necroptosis in liver injury in septic rats.Methods Twenty-four SPF healthy male adult Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-220 g,aged 6-8 weeks,were divided into 3 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (Sh group),sepsis group (Sep group) and specific necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1 group (N group).Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in anesthetized rats in N and Sep groups.Necrostatin-1 1.0 mg/kg was intravenously injected at 1 h before operation in group N,while the equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide was given instead in group Sep.Rats were sacrificed at 6 h after operation,and livers were removed for examination of the pathological changes (with a light microscope) and for determination of the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in liver tissues (by using chemiluminescence assay) and expression of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1),RIPK3,mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) and high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in liver tissues (using Western blot).Results Compared with Sh group,the ROS level in liver tissues was significantly increased,and the expression of RIPK1,RIPK3,MLKL and HMGB1 in liver tissues was up-regulated in Sep and N groups (P＜0.05).Compared with Sep group,the ROS level in liver tissues was significantly decreased,and the expression of RIPK1,RIPK3,MLKL and HMGB 1 in liver tissues was down-regulated in group N (P＜0.05).The pathological changes of liver tissues were significantly attenuated in group N when compared with group Sep.Conclusion Neeroptosis is involved in liver injury in septic rats.