Adult ; Aged ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Critical Pathways ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy

To select appropriate descriptors for response of the patient-reported outcome (PRO) scale for the main symptoms of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with pulmonary heart disease.

Objective To discuss the informatization of multi hospitals. Methods Considering about the current situation of in‐formation construction to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, a set of solution was put forward based on the all in one card together with the two level information platform. Results Initial trials proved the feasibility of the solution. Con‐clusion The informatization of the multi hospitals contributes a lot to the source sharing between the regional hospitals, the im‐provement of hospital management and a better medical service.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ureteroscopic endo-incision and drainage in the treatment of renal cysts.Methods Thirty cases(19 females and 11 males)of renal cysts(1 1 parapelvie cysts,15 simple cysts.and 4 multiple cysts)were treated with ureteroscopic endo-incision and drainage.The renal cysts were located in renal pelvis,and opened and decompressed by electrotme with ureteroscope.Double J stent was placed afterwards.Urinary and blood biochemistry were tested post-operatively.Results All the operations were successfully completed with no severe complication.The cyst managing time ranged from 15 tO 45 min.Urinary biochemistry(urinary protein and glucose)turned normal 1 2 days after the surgery.Patients were followed up for 3 to 9 months.Renal cysts disappeared in 24 cases,diminished in 4 cases,and recurred in 2 cases.Conclusion Application of ureteroscopic technique in the treatment of renal cyst is safe,effective and minimally invasive.

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA 27a (miR-27a) and relationship with drug resistance in human ovarian cancer A2780/Taxol cells.Methods A stem-loop-mediated real-time PCR was used to detect miR-27a expression in A2780 and A2780/Taxol cells.The cells were transfected with the mimics or inhibitors of miR-27a or negative control RNA ( NC) by lipofectamine 2000.The expressions of MDR1 gene,P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) protein levels were measured by real-time PCR and western blot respectively.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to analyze drug sensitivity.Apoptosis analysis was measured by fluorescence activated cell sorter ( FACS).Results (1) miR-27a was an average of 2.2-fold higher expression level in A2780/Taxol cells than that in A2780 cells,with a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05).(2) A2780/Taxol cells transfection with inhibitors of miR-27a showed that the levels of MDR1 mRNA was decreased by 39%,P-gp protein level[(26 ±5)%]decreased than that in the NC group[(43 ±7)%],HIPK2 protein level[(30 ±6)%]increased than that in the NC group[(19 ±4)%],the 50% inhibitionconcentration (0.5 (μmol/L) was less than that in the NC group (6.8 μmol/L),apoptosis rate[(32.5 ± 3.6) %]was higher than that in the NC group[(5.6 ±2.1) %],and there were significant differences between two groups (all P < 0.05 ).( 3 ) Transfection of A2780 cells with mimics of miR-27a led to increase MDR1 mRNA expression by 121% as compared with one transfection with NC (P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of miR-27a is upregulated in A2780/Taxol cells,which may regulate MDR1 and P-gp expression by targeting HIPK2.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between copper and organic components, total flavonoids of Astragalus (TFA), total saponins of Astragalus (TSA) and total polysaccharide of Astragalus (TPA).

METHODTFA, TSA and TPA were extracted from Astragalus roots using different organic solvents, and determined by colorimetry. The concentration of copper in extracts was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).

RESULTCopper was found in TFA, TPA and TSA, and its concentration in TFA and TPA was higher; the content of copper was correlated significantly to that of TFA and TPA (r1(2) = 0.754 8, F1 = 57.202, P < 0.01 and r2(2) = 0.499, F2 = 21.906, P < 0.01), while not to that of TSA ( r3(2) = 0.0026, F3 = 0.041, P > 0.1).

CONCLUSIONCorrelation analysis could reveal the relationship of copper with organic components in Astragalus roots; contents and structure characteristics of organic components might be important factors influencing the distribution of copper in Astragalus roots.

Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Copper ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective:To analyze the dental and mandibular asymmetry of adults with Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion.Methods:The jaw bones of 30 adults with Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion(case group)and 30 with normal-occlusion(control group)were scanned by CBCT.Linear and angular comparison was conducted between the two groups.Results:Dental midline deviation was ob-served in case group,mostly in mandibular arch (60%).The development of Class Ⅱ molar relationship correlated mainly to distally positioned mandibular molar on Class Ⅱ side.Conclusion:In the adults with Class Ⅱ subdvision malocclusion odontogenic asymme-try is the major factor,bony asymmetry is the miner.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of nicorandil for treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 40 cases of patients with ARDS admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 were enrolled, and they were randomly divided into two groups, 20 cases in each group. The two groups were treated with routine western medicine after admission. On this basis, the observation group was given nicorandil 10 mg, while the control group was given warm boiled water 10 mL, through gastric tubes 3 times a day, the therapeutic course being consecutive 5 days in both groups. The length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU), duration of mechanical ventilation after treatment, oxygenation index (OI), alveolo-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (PA-aO2), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, Glasgow coma score (GCS) before and after treatment, the predicted death rate (PDR) and 28-day mortality were compared between the two groups. The predicitive factors for 28-day mortality were screened by binary logistic analysis.Results The length of stay in ICU and duration of mechanical ventilation of control group were longer than those of observation group, but the difference was not statistically significant [ICU length of stay (day): 14.55±12.71 vs. 9.15±6.00, duration of mechanical ventilation (day): 13.25±12.27 vs. 7.75±5.32, bothP > 0.05]. After treatment, the GCS was higher than that before treatment in control group and observation group (11.95±3.98 vs. 10.75±4.89, 12.95±3.67 vs. 12.20±4.56), while APACHE Ⅱ score, PDR and PEEP were all lower than those before treatment [APACHE Ⅱ: 21.05±8.58 vs. 24.90±5.63, 18.70±11.21 vs. 26.65±7.67; PDR: (47.71±29.49)% vs. (61.00±23.29)%, (36.79±18.49)% vs. (56.12±18.16)%; PEEP (cmH2O, 1 cmH2O = 0.098 kPa): 4.40±3.14 vs. 5.75±2.59, 3.80±2.55 vs. 7.55±3.32], but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups before and after treatment (allP > 0.05). After treatment, the OI was significantly higher and the PA-aO2 was significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups, and the degrees of improvement of the observation group were more remarkable than those of the control group [OI (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 224.72±85.12 vs. 141.37±45.82, PA-aO2 (mmHg): 132.60±46.64 vs. 204.30±121.2, bothP < 0.05]. The 28-day mortality of observation group was lower than that of control group, but no statistically significant difference was seen [15% (3/20) vs. 25% (5/20),χ2 = 0.156,P > 0.05). Binary logistic regression analyses showed that the PA-aO2 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.958,P = 0.013, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.927 - 0.991], APACHE Ⅱ score (OR = 0.882,P = 0.010, 95CI = 0.803 - 0.970), GCS (OR = 1.399, P = 0.004, 95%CI = 1.111 - 1.761) and PDR (OR = 0.907,P = 0.002, 95%CI = 0.853 - 0.965) after treatment were the independent predictors of 28-day mortality.Conclusion Nicorandil can significantly improve oxygenation, but cannot reduce 28-day mortality in patients with ARDS.

Re-evaluation of bioequivalence of generic drugs is one of the key research focus currently. As a means to ensure consistency of the therapeutic effectiveness of drug products, clinical bioequivalence has been widely accepted as a gold standard test. In vitro dissolution testing based on the theory of the BCS is the best alternative to in vivo bioequivalence study. In this article, the conventional dissolution method and flow-through cell method were used to investigate the dissolution profiles of domestic amoxicillin capsules in different dissolution media, and the absorption behavior of the drugs with different release rates (t85% = 15-180 min) in the gastrointestinal tract was predicted by Gastro Plus. The flow-through cell method was thought better to reflect the release characteristics in vivo, and amoxicillin capsules with regard to the release rates up to 45 min (t85% = 45 min) were having a satisfied bioequivalence with the oral solution according to the C(max) and AUC. Although two different dissolution profiles of domestic amoxicillin capsules were found by flow-through cell methods, prediction results revealed that domestic capsules were probably bioequivalent to each other.
Amoxicillin ; pharmacokinetics ; Capsules ; Computer Simulation ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Software ; Solubility ; Therapeutic Equivalency

Objective: To investigate the changes of ambient dose equivalent rate in 99mTcO4- single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the thyroid among patients with hyperthyroidism, so as to provide insights into radiation protection guidance. Methods: Patients with hyperthyroidism who underwent 99mTcO4- SPECT of the thyroid in a tertiary hospital were enrolled. The ambient dose equivalent rate was measured at different time points following 99mTcO4- infection and at sites with different distances from patients' neck, and the effects of time post-injection, distance from patients' neck, 24-hour thyroidal radioiodine uptake and thyroid weight on the ambient dose equivalent rate were examined using a generalized linear mixed model. Results: Totally 100 patients with hyperthyroidism were enrolled, including 24 men and 76 women and with a mean age of (38.5±14.0) years. The generalized linear mixed model was statistically significant (F=6 610.165, P<0.001), and patients' thyroid weight, time post-injection and distance from patients' neck significantly affected the ambient dose equivalent rate (F=57.967, 15 988.574, 11 200.645, all P<0.001), and the ambient dose equivalent rate positively correlated with patients' thyroid weight and negatively correlated with time post-injection and distance from patients' neck. Conclusions The ambient dose equivalent rate is affected by patients' thyroid weight, time post-injection and distance from patients' neck among patients with hyperthyroidism undergoing 99mTcO4- SPECT of the thyroid. Delay in contact with patients or keeping distance from patients may be effective for radiation protection.