Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; Constriction ; Heart ; Mice

Animals ; Brain Edema ; Brain Ischemia ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Rats ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury

In this study, we designed and synthesized 12 novel aloperine derivatives with different core structures. Among them, compound 3 with a ten-membered ring core was obtained through a special ring expansion reaction after γ-H Huffman elimination of quaternary ammonium salt, and the structure was verified by X-single crystal diffraction. Furthermore, their antiviral activity against human β-coronavirus HCoV-OC43 was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Quaternary ammonium salt 2a and 3 had a good inhibitory effect against HCoV-OC43, and 2a had the highest anti-HCoV-OC43 activity with an EC₅₀ values of 3.77 μmol·L^-1 and a SI value of over 53.1. Schrӧdinger molecular docking results showed that both 2a and 3 might display their anti-HCoV-OC43 activity by directly acting on host TMPRSS2 and SR-B1. The results expanded the structural types of endocyclic aloperine and the function against coronavirus, and provided useful scientific data for the development of pharmaceutical applications of these compounds.

Objective To study the effect of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) transplantation on chronic deep venous thrombosis.Methods Bone marrow-derived mouonuclear cells (BMMNCs) were isolated from rat bone marrow by ficoll and cultured with EGM-2MV medium.A rat model of chronic deep vein thrombosis was established by partial ligation of the inferior vena cava and intravenous injection of thrombosin.Model rats were randomly divided into three groups:A(n =25),EPCs group,1 ml 10~6 EPCs transplantation;B(n = 25),EGM-2MV medium group,1 ml EGM-2MV medium transplantation;C (n =25),control group,without any treatment.After transplantation,HE staining and immunohistochemical staining was conducted to detect recanalization of the inferior vena cava.Western blotting of inferior vena cava thrombosis was used to detect VEGF,bFGF protein expression changes.SPSS13.0 software was used for analysis.Results Compared with group B and C,VEGF,bFGF protein significantly increased in group A.The recanalization capillary density was significantly higher in group A than that in group B,and C (P ＜0.05).The neovascularization was identified by immunohistochemical staining using vWF antibody,as endothelial cells.Conclusions EPCs were the precursor of endothelial cells,when transplanted into the deep vein thrombos,initiating angiogenesis and accelerating organization and recanalization of vein thrombus.

BACKGROUND: Metal implants have been extensively applied in joint arthoplasty, but the stress shielding effect caused by its high elastic modulus results in a series of complications, such as bone resorption, bone atrophy and prosthesis loosening. Carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF-PEEK) composites are anisotropic and exhibit more advantages used for prosthesis due to its low elastic modulus and high intensity.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the blood compatibility of CF-PEEK composites, and compare the biomechanical properties after arthroplasty between CF-PEEK composites and Co-Cr-Mo used for femoral head prosthesis. METHODS: (1) The blood compatibility of CF-PEEK composites was evaluated through hemolysis test. (2) Femoral samples from eight fresh cadavers were collected and randomly divided into two groups, followed by subjected to CF-PEEK and Co-Cr-Mo prosthesis replacement, respectively. The displacement between the prosthesis and bone was measured under loading 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 N, and the torsional strength after arthroplasty was detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The hemolysis rate of the CF-PEEK composites was 3.23% < 5%, which was in line with the national standards for biological evaluation of medical devices. (2) The micromovement in distal prosthesis was significantly less than that of proximal prosthesis under different loads in both two groups (P < 0.05). (3) The torsion angle under different loads in the CF-PEEK group was significantly less than that in the Co-Cr-Mo group (P < 0.05), and the torsion stiffness in the CF-PEEK group was significantly higher than that in the Co-Cr-Mo group (P < 0.05). (4) To conclude,the CF-PEEK composites possess good blood compatibility and stability, which can be used as a prosthesis material.

Thermogravimetry (TG), TG-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM)-energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) were adopted to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics of calamina. According to the findings of the qualitative and quantitative studies on the changes in the content of relevant elements, the whole shape, the functional groups, and the volatile components of calamina before and after being pyrolyzed, the 200-360, 580-750 degrees C were two sensitive temperature ranges related to the changes in effective component during calamina processing. Thermal weight loss was observed for ZnCO3, Zn(OH)2 and ZnCO3-2Zn(OH)2-H2O under 200-360 degrees C and for CaCO3 under 580-750 degrees C. The results of studies on chemical reaction kinetics showed good linear relations. This experiment integrated relevant methods and theories of physical chemistry and science of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and interpretes calamina processing techniques and mechanism, in order to provide a good example for modem studies on other traditional Chinese medicine processing.
Drug Combinations ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Ferric Compounds ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Temperature ; Zinc Oxide ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate expansion characteristics of two kinds of commercial investment (Cristo balite Micro II and Cristo Quick), and their effects on cast accuracy of a dental Ag-Pd casting alloy.

METHODSTwo kinds of investment were mixed at the ratio of 1:3. The setting and thermal expansion curves of the investment were recorded according to the requirements of ISO7490 and expansion rate calculated, respectively. Plate-like wax-patterns with pre-marked points were invested in casting rings (lined with ceramic fiber liners with thickness of 0.45 mm). Castwell M.C dental alloy were melted with gas flame and cast with a centrifugal casting machine. The differences between the castings and the wax patterns at corresponding points were calculated to represent the dimensional changes of the investment.

RESULTSThe setting, thermal and total expansion rates were 0.68, 1.18, 1.86 for Cristo balite Micro II, and 0.94, 1.03, 1.97 for Cristo Quick. The setting and thermal expansion rates were statistically significant between two kinds of investment (P < 0.05), while not for the total expansion rates (P > 0.05). Effect of different investment on the precision of castings was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWithin the scope of this study, gypsum-bonded investment with similar total expansion rates but different expansion characteristics has no effect on the casting precision of Ag-Pd dental alloys.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine the metameric color differences between natural teeth and three brands of commercially available resin teeth.

METHODSThe spectral reflectance and color coordinates of natural teeth and three brands of commercially available resin teeth of A2 shade were measured with a spectrophotometer (PR-650) according to the CIE L*, a*, b* and CIE XYZ color scale relative to illuminant D65, A, cool white fluorescent (CWF) and ultraviolet (UV), and the metameric indices were calculated to determine the metameric color differences between natural teeth and resin teeth.

RESULTSCIE L*, a*, b* values were influenced by the type of illuminants in both natural teeth and resin teeth. The pattern of spectral reflectance curves for natural teeth and resin teeth of A2 shade were different, while there were more than three crossing points among each curves, which meant the color of natural teeth and resin teeth of A2 shade might be the same under certain illuminant. The metameric indices between natural teeth and resin teeth of A2 shade were 3.48, 2.52 and 3.36 under illuminant A; 1.21, 1.90, and 2.79 under illuminant CWF; 1.59, 2.07, and 4.07 under illuminant UV. The metameric indices between resin teeth of different brand were 1.08, 0.10, and 1.01 under illuminant A; 1.46, 2.23, and 0.94 under illuminant CWF; and 2.55, 2.69, and 4.64 under UV.

CONCLUSIONChanges in optical properties of resin teeth of A2 shade relative to the different illuminants were different from those of natural teeth, the metameric effect between natural teeth and resin teeth of A2 shade were significant. Therefore, shade matching between natural teeth and resin teeth should be performed under more than one illuminant.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of brucellar spondylitis,so as to provide scientific proof for improving the curative level of the disease.Methods Epidemiological information was collected from 113 patients diagnosed as brucellar spondylitis,who were divided into 5 groups according to different drugs and drug combinations of doxycycline,gentamicin,sulfamethoxazole and rifampicin.Then the curative effect was investigated.Twenty-one patients who had greater paoas muscle abscess or Para vertebral abscess,intraspinal abscess of spinal canal,necrotic intervertebral disk and major osteolasia received the minimal invasive surgery and the focus removal surgery.Results The occurrence of the disease in female was much higher than that in male.Grazing and breeding beasts was the principal route of infection.Lumbars was mostly involved.they usually was infected in the adjacent 2 piece.L4 was the most common and seriuous one.The curative effect of doxycycline group was better than that without doxycycline(72.60% vs 35.00%,X2=15.14,P＜0.05).Doxycyeline+gentamicin+sulfamethoxazole was reeommended as the first choice.However,the curative effect did not increase despi~course of the treatment prolonged.The heMing rate and effective rate after 1 course was 52.21%(59/113)and 92.04%(104/113).that after 2 courses 58.41%(66/113)and 95.58%(108/113),that after 3 courses 59.29%(67/113)and 95.58%(108/113).The healing rate in different course did not present differences(P＞0.05).21 patients undergoing surgery were followed-up,12 patients were after 2 years and 9 patients were between 1-2 years.The healing rate was 95.24%(20/21),1 case was healed basically,the effective rate was 100%.None reoccurred.Conclusions There are characterized features in clinical epidemiology of the brucell spondylitis.Long term,adequate in dosage,combination and multi-approach use of antibiotics is the most reliable way to treat and prevent it from recurring.But fof the patients soitable for surgery.the minimal invasive surgery or the focus removal could shorten the course of therapy,decrease the complications and increase the cure rate.

Objective:To observe the expression and significance of Jagged1 in fibrovascular membranes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods:Sixty preretinal fibrovascular membrane specimens collected from fifty-seven patients (60 eyes) with PDR during vitrectomy in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 2014 to July 2015 were set as the PDR group.The patients were divided into the injection group (30 cases, 32 eyes) and non-injection group (27 cases, 28 eyes) according to whether they received anti-vascular endothelial factor drug intravitreally before surgery.Ranibizumab injections were administered to the patients in the injection group intravitreally 2-7 days before surgery.Eighteen macular epiretinal membrane specimens obtained from 18 non-diabetic patients were served as the control group.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to observe the structural festures of specimers. The immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression levels of Jagged1, Delta-like 4(Dll4) and Notch1 in the injection and non-injection groups, and the real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the relative expression levels of Jagged1, Dll4 and Notch1 mRNA in the three groups.Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between the expression of Jagged1 mRNA and both Dll4 mRNA or Notch1 mRNA in the PDR fibrovascular membranes.This study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (No.QYFYWZLL25645). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.Results:The neovascularization was found in fibrovascular membranes of PDR with a light microscope, and the lumen of the new blood vessels in the injection group was narrow, but relatively dilated in the non-injection group.There was no neovascularization found in the macular epiretinal membranes.The immunohistochemical staining revealed that there was the positive expression of Jagged1, Dll4 and Notch1 proteins in all PDR membranes, mainly located in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization.The absorbance values of Jagged1, Dll4 and Notch1 proteins were 6.25±1.82, 6.87±1.89 and 5.12±2.14 respectively in the non-injection group, which were all higher than 1.46±0.37, 1.55±0.24 and 1.32±0.53 respectively in the injection group, showing statistically significant differences ( t=5.168, P=0.014; t=6.012, P=0.008; t=3.453, P=0.030). There were statistically significant differences in Jagged1, Dll4 and Notch1 mRNA relative expression levels among the three groups ( F=77.337, 62.305, 51.869; all at P<0.01). The relative expression levels of Jagged1, Dll4 and Notch1 mRNA in the fibrovascular membranes with PDR were significantly higher than those of control macular epiretinal membranes, and the relative expression levels of Jagged1, Dll4 and Notch1 mRNA of the injection group were significantly lower than those of the non-injection group (all at P<0.05). The expression level of Jagged1 mRNA was positively correlated with expression levels of both Dll4 and Notch1 mRNA ( r=0.925, 0.950; both at P<0.05). Conclusions:There is a high expression of Jagged1 in the vascular endothelium of fibrovascular membranes with PDR and the Jagged1 expression is positively correlated with the expression of Dll4 and Notch1.The effect of Jagged1 on the neovascularization in PDR may be related to Dll4 and Notch1.