Objective To present a new method and design of an instrument for measuring intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) non-invasively. Method A pressure sensor (YH-4) and a displacement sensor (sliding rheostat) were assembled into a probe so that they work in a linear mode. When this assembled instrument probe acts on the abdominal wall of a subject, a pressure as called the external abdominal pressure (EAP), and a corresponding displacement were detected. A relationship was established mathematically between the IAP measured by non-invasive and invasive method, and IAP was calculated by EAP measurement indirectly non-invasively. Result The method was testified by animal experiment in rabbits. And the preliminary results indicated that linear relation between EAP and IAP was obtained. Conclusion Feasibility of the new method is validated by animal experiment. It provides scientific evidence for further clinical experiment.

Objective To investigate the synergism and attenuation effects of Pini Pollen on paclitaxel and cisplatin ( TP) chemotherapy in model mice. Methods Forty-eight model nude mice with H456 cell line xenograft were divided into 8 groups: model group, TP chemotherapy group, Pini Pollen (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) group and TP chemotherapy plus Pini Pollen (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) group. The tumor inhibition rates, body weight, food intake, hematology and blood biochemistry indexes were selected to evaluate the synergism and attenuation effects of intragastric administration of Pini Pollen (150,300,600 mg/kg) on TP chemotherapy. Results Compared with the TP chemotherapy group, the tumor inhibition rates, body weight, food intake, white blood cell count were increased and liver and kidney function damage were alleviated significantly in the TP chemotherapy plus Pini Pollen groups. Conclusions Pini Pollen has a significant synergism and attenuation effects on TP chemotherapy.

To study the effect of Yinghua Pinggan granule (YHPG) against influenza A/H1N1 virus in vivo and on the immunologic function of infected mice. The intranasal influenza virus infection was adopted in ICR mouse to establish the influenza virus pneumonia model. At the 3rd and 7th day after the infection, the lung index and pathologic changes in lung tissues of mice were detected. Realtime PCR and flow cytometry were employed to observe the virus load in lung tissues and the levels of CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood. The result showed that at the 3rd and 7th day after the infection, YHPG (15, 30 g x kg(-1)) can significant decrease in the lung index and virus load in lung tissues of mice infected with influenza virus, alleviate the pathologic changes in lung tissues, significantly increase the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio and reduce the levels of CD8+ in whole blood. This indicated that YHPG can inhibit the influenza virus replication, alleviate pulmonary damage and adjust the weak immunologic function of infected mice, with a certain therapeutic effect on mice infected by H1N1 virus in vivo.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; pathology ; virology ; Lung ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

OBJECTIVESTo explore the clinical application of anti-human seminal plasma phospholipase A2 (PLA2) monoclonal antibody (McAb) for male infertility.

METHODSEnzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), immunocytochemistry(ICC), as well as flow cytometry (FCM) analysis were established using two strains anti-human seminal plasma PLA2 McAb prepared by our laboratory to detect the PLA2 content in human seminal plasma and the anterior head region of spermatozoa, respectively. Then the PLA2 content in male infertile patients were compared with that in normal control with fertility. The seminal routine analysis was performed by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA).

RESULTSThe PLA2 content of infertile groups were (31.13 +/- 14.49) ng/ml in azoospermic patients, (17.71 +/- 12.45) ng/ml in oligospermic patients and (16.46 +/- 11.31) ng/ml in patients with normal sperm density, which were all higher than that of normal controls [(8.09 +/- 3.15) ng/ml, P < 0.01]; There was significantly negative correlation between PLA2 content in seminal plasma and sperm density(r = -0.602, P < 0.05), while there was insignificant correlation between PLA2 and sperm motility or percentage of motility. The PLA2 content in the anterior head region of spermatozoon of male infertile groups was significantly lower than that of normal controls by ICC and FCM(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSPLA2 in human seminal plasma is closely related to male fertility, and the PLA2 deficiency in the head of spermatozoa may be one of the reasons causing male infertility. The methods detecting PLA2 content in seminal plasma and the head of spermatozoa can provide powerful evidences for exploring the mechanism of male infertility.

Adult ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; enzymology ; Male ; Phospholipases A ; analysis ; Phospholipases A2 ; Semen ; enzymology

In order to fabricate the HLA-DQA1 genotyping chip and develop an integrated, parallel technical platform to type HLA system, a pair of primers and a set of probes were designed according to the sequences of HLA-DQA1 exon 2, where the polymorphism is concentrated. The oligonucleotide chip was made with the methods developed in our laboratory. The target DNA was asymmetrically amplified with the labeled sense primer. The signals were scanned and analyzed after the hybridization between microarray and PCR product. The allele types of the samples were identified. The result was verified by the standard DNA and DNA sequencing. The results showed that the genotyping was successfully carried out in 50 standard DNA samples and 50 clinical samples. Among them, results of the 50 standard DNA samples matched their templates. In the other 50 samples, results of the randomly selected 10 matched their sequencing results except that two of them got the incompletely result. In reproducible tests, the signal reappear rate was 95%. It is concluded that HLA-DQA1 genotyping by using our array system is simple and convenient with satisfied accuracy and reproducibility.
Genotype ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DQ alpha-Chains ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

AIM To investigate the dose-proportion relation of Tibetan medicine Siwei Jianghuang Prescription (SJP) for protective effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN),and the underlying mechanism.METHODS Diabetes mellitus rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg) were randomly divided into model group,metformin support group,and eight SJP groups with dose-proportion variation (with reference to the uniform design method) for corresponding drug administration once a day,for four weeks.Measurement of fasting blood glucose (FBG) by a blood glucose meter,the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN),uric acid (UA),serum creatinine (SCr) and total protein (TP) by chemical methods,serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by ELISA kits were conducted,the pathological morphology observation and glomerular basement membrane thickness detection by electron microscope were accomplished as well.Principal components analysis (PCA) and multivariate progressive regression analysis (MSRA) were employed to analyze the relationship between the dose-proportion to pharmacodynamics.RESULTS The resultant indexes revealed variant pharmacological improvement in each treatment group.MSRA results showed that the levels of BUN,renal index,FBG,glomerular basement membrane thickness,VEGF,Scr,and UA had correlative relations with a multiple linear or a multiple non-linear in all groups,which regression equation had a statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05);TGF-β1 level and total protein index with the dose-proportion had no linear or non-linear relation,which the regression equation statistical showed non-significance (P ＞ 0.05).In the global optimization comparison around the range of uniform design,the optimal dosage of the rats model was Curcumae Longae Rhizoma ∶ Berberidis dictyophyllae Cortex ∶ Phyllanthi Fructus ∶ Tribuli Fructus =1 ∶ 2 ∶ 1 ∶ 2.CONCLUSION Siwei Jianghuang Prescription shows better therapeutic effects on DN,which may be related to reducing the levels of BUN,renal index,FBG,glomerular basement membrane thickness,VEGF,Scr and UA.

OBJECTIVESTo establish and evaluate the anti-human seminal plasma phospholipase A2 (PLA2) monoclonal antibody (McAb).

METHODSAfter having been separated and purified from human seminal plasma by PEG precipitation, Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography, DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography and HA column chromatography, PLA2 was regarded as an antigen to immune BALB/C mouse to produce anti-human seminal plasma PLA2 McAb. The PLA2 McAb sensitivity and specificity were performed by ELISA technique and Western-blot analysis, respectively.

RESULTSThe molecular weight of PLA2 depurated with 245 fold purification from human seminal plasma was about 34,900, while the sensitivity and typing of its McAb were 1:5(6)-1:5(8) and IgM (kappa) with a satisfied Western-Blot results.

CONCLUSIONSThe PLA2, which had not been reported in international and domestic papers, may be a new type of PLA2. The establish of its McAb will provide significant tools for the research of the relationship between PLA2 in human seminal plasma and male fertility.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; DEAE-Dextran ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Phospholipases A ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Phospholipases A2 ; Semen ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and its differential diagnosis.

METHODSTen cases of FDCS were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization. The clinical features and follow-up information were analyzed.

RESULTSAmongst the 10 cases of FDCS studied, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The mean age of the patients was 42 years. Six of them were located in cervical and peritoneal lymph nodes and four in extranodal sites (including tonsil, pelvic cavity, tail of pancreas and spleen). Histologically, the tumor cells had whorled, storiform or diffuse growth patterns. They were spindle in shape and contained syncytial eosinophilic cytoplasm, with round or oval nuclei, vesicular chromatin, distinct nucleoli and a variable number of mitotic figures. Multinucleated tumor giant cells and intranuclear pseudoinclusions were occasionally seen. There was a sprinkling of small lymphocytes and neutrophils within the tumor as well as in the perivascular region. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were diffusely or focally positive for CD21, CD23, CD35 and D2-40, but negative for LCA, CD20, CD3, CD1a, HMB45 and CK. Some of them showed EMA, CD68 and S-100 reactivity. In-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) showed positive signals in only one case (which was diagnosed as inflammatory pseudotumor-like FDCS). Of the 7 patients with follow-up information available (duration: 2 months to 39 months; mean: 14 months), 2 cases with paraneoplastic pemphigus died of pulmonary infection at 5 and 7 months respectively. The remaining 5 patients were alive and disease-free after surgical excision (+/- chemotherapy and radiotherapy).

CONCLUSIONSFDCS is a rare low to intermediate-grade malignant tumor. Appropriate application of FDC markers, such as CD21, CD35 and D2-40, would be helpful for arriving at a correct diagnosis. Most cases are associated with good prognosis after surgical treatment, with or without chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus carry a less favorable prognosis.

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Meningioma ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Receptors, IgE ; metabolism ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

In2O3nanoparticles-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (In2O3-MWCNTs) were successfully prepared as solid phase extraciton (SPE) adsorbent for the determination of three food preservatives(benzoic acid,sorbic acid,and methylparaben) in beverage samples coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Because of the large surface area and amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface of In2O3nanoparticles,In2O3nanoparticles could interact with specific functional groups.In2O3-MWCNTs adsorbent was prepared based on the large surface area of In2O3and superior thermal and chemical stability of MWCNTs.The obtained adsorbent was characterized via transmission electron microscope (TEM),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.Several experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated by single-factor experiments,such as adsorbents amount,sample volume,eluent volume,sample pH,and eluent type.The first four factors were then further evaluated by means of a Taguchi's L16(44) orthogonal array experimental design.According to the results of orthogonal array experiment,the optimal conditions were chosen as follows: 0.15 g of adsorbent amount,5.0 mL of sample volume,0.6 mL of ACN-H2O (60:40,0.1% formic acid,V/V) as eluent,and sample pH 4.0.Under the optimum conditions,the LODs (S/N=3) and LOQs (S/N=10) for three preservatives were in the range of 0.004-0.012 μg/mL and 0.012-0.038 μg/mL,respectively.The recoveries ranged from 70.2% to 109.4%.The method is rapid,sensitive,and suitable for the determination of preservatives in food samples.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effectiveness of percutaneous US- or CT-guided drainage and laparotomy for patients with infective pancreatic necrosis.

METHODSData of 90 infective pancreatic necrosis patients admitted from January 2008 to December 2009 were included. They were divided into two groups by the different treatment choices. Twenty-seven patients in the percutaneous group received percutaneous US- or CT-guided drainage as first choice. After that a sump suction apparatus was applied for controlled drainage. If no improvement was achieved after 3 days, they would received operation soon. While patients in the laparotomy group received surgical drainage at the time when the diagnosis of infected pancreatic necrosis was confirmed. Continuous drainage was also applied for these ones.

RESULTSThe percutaneous group had a significant low rate of reoperation (7.1% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.05) and postoperative residual abscesses (7.1% vs. 28.6%, P < 0.05). Furthermore, 48.1% of patients in percutaneous group successfully avoid laparotomy. In the regard of complications, the percutaneous group presented lower incidence of both single organ dysfunction (7.4% vs. 28.6%, P < 0.05), intestinal fistula (7.4% vs. 27.0%, P < 0.05) and long-term complications (3.7% vs. 22.2%, P < 0.05). In addition, the percutaneous group costed less medical resources as evidenced by shorter ICU duration (21.2 ± 9.7 vs. 28.7 ± 12.1, P < 0.01), shorter hospital duration (48.2 ± 12.5 vs. 59.6 ± 17.5, P < 0.05) and less expenditure (191 762 ± 5892 vs. 341 689 ± 10 854, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPercutaneous drainage can effectively lower the surgical rates and the rates of complications and reoperations in patients with infective pancreatic necrosis. Besides that, it could also reduce the cost of medical resources.

Adult ; Drainage ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome