Objective To probe into the epidemic feature, pa tho genic spectrum and main risk factors of diarrhea during the field training in ar my. Methods Detection of morbidity,investigation of risk factor s and detachment of pathogen were performed. Results The diarrh eal incidence rate of army of field training was 4.36%(106/2 433), which was higher than that of hold garrison(0.98%, 2/204). The incidence rate of officers was lower than that of soldiers. Two incidence peaks concerned with the army motion course were foun d. The detection rate of lapactic bacteria from fecal of patients was 63.1%(65/1 03) and most of them were ETEC, followed by the plesiomonas shigelloides. Se ven ind ividual factors concerned with diarrhea disease were found with logistic analysi s, including dr inking unboiled water, going out to eating and so on. Conclusions Incidence of diarrhea in the army increased obviously during the field training and the chief pathogen are ETEC and plesiomonas shigelloides, at the same time, t he occurrence of diarrhea is related with many individual factors.

Objective To explore the behavioral patterns of middle school students and provide basis for unintentional injury prevention in these students.Methods 171 injury students and 171 normal students as controls were evaluated by Youth Self-Report(YSR),and mean scores were compared between the two groups by t Test.Logistic regressions were performed to analyze the relationship between injury students and behavioral problems.Results The rate was higher in injury group(15.79%) than in control group(8.19%).The score of injury group of boys was higher than thar of control group(t=2.942,P=0.004);the score of injury group of girls was higher than thar in control group(t=3.766,P=0.000).Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that attention-deficit(OR=5.376),the problem of thinking(OR=3.672),social problems(OR=2.204) and friendly fellows' action was a risk factor.Conclusions There is a significant effect of the behavior of students and fellow students on the injury to students.

Objective To investigate the security and result of operation of one side polycystic kidney removal and homonymy kidney transplantation simultaneously for giga-polycystic kidney di-sease of terminal stage. Methods Forty-five patients with polycystic kidney of transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients of group A (n=23) under-went resection of the cystic kidney by extraperitoneum and the other 22 patients(group B) didn't re-move the cystic kidney. The data including average length of hospital stay, variance of blood pressure, lessen of abdominal circumference, lung capacity, total lung capacity, FEV1.0/FVC, incidence rate of delayed graft function (DGF) and 1 year patient/kidney survival rate of the 2 groups were compared. Results The average length of post-operative hospital stay of group A was (14.5±2.6)d,lessen of blood pressure was (30.0±0.7/13.34±8.4)mm Hg, lessen of abdominal circumference was (11.0+ 6. 3) cm, lung capacity increased (1.4±0.3)L, total lung capacity increased (2.0±1.0)L, FEV1.0/ FVC increased (5.3±1.0) %, the incidence rate of DGF was 8.7% (2/23), 1 year patient/ kidney survival rate was 100.0%/95.7%. The average length of post-operative hospital stay of group B was (28.45±7.9)d,lessen of blood pressure was (3.9±11.2/2.9±12. 0)ram Hg, lessen of abdominal circumference was (3.3±2.2)cm, lung capacity increased (0.44±0.3)L, total lung capacity increased (0.8±0.2) L, FEV1.0/FVC increased (2.0±0.9)%, the incidence rate of DGF was 9.1%(2/22), 1 year patient/kidney survival rate was 100.0%/95.5%. There were no significant differences of the incidence rate of DGF and 1 year patient/kidney survival rate between the 2 groups. While there were significant differences of the other data between the 2 groups(P＜0.05). Conclusions It is safe and convenient for one side polycystic kidney removal and homonyrny kidney transplantation simultaneous-ly for giga-polycystic kidney disease of terminal stage. The procedure could be applied to the patients of graveness complication or giga-polycystie kidney hampering operation of transplantation.

Objective To study the feasibility of testing three disease-causing genes for Alport syndrome,COL4A3,COL4A4 and COL4AS,in diagnosing patients with sporadic Alport syndrome by using targeted capture and next generation sequencing.Methods The clinical data of a 9-year-old boy suspected with Alport syndrome were collected.Genomic DNA was extracted using standard procedures from the peripheral blood leukocytes of the patient and his parents,respectively.Targeted capture and next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were applied to analyze the mutations in the 3 disease-causing genes.Clinical data of cases reported already with autosomal recessive Alport syndrome caused by the mutations in the COL4A4 gene were summarized.Results The patient was presented with neither family history of hematuria nor chronic renal failure.Haematuria and proteinuria were found at the age of 1 year.The patient presented with episodes of macrohaematuria and gradually developed nephrotic-level proteinuria.At the age of 8 years 7 months,bilateral sensorineural hearing loss was diagnosed.So a probable diagnosis of Alport syndrome was postulated.A compound heterozygous pathogenic mutations of 3578-1G ＞ A and 3967 C ＞ T(Q1323X) were identified in the COL4A4 gene in the patient.The mutation of 3578-1G ＞ A was inherited from his father,and the mutation of Q1323X from his mother.The patient was decisively diagnosed with autosomal recessive Alport syndrome.Conclusions The test of COL4A3,COL4A4 and COL4A5 genes can help diagnose patients with sporadic Alport syndrome by using targeted capture and next generation sequencing.

OBJECTIVEINF-lambda has anti-viral and anti-tumor activities. Its application in viral myocarditis (VMC) has not been reported. This study investigated the role of INF-lambda in acute VMC in mice.

METHODSForty mice were randomly divided into three groups: VMC (n=15), IFN-lambda2-treated VMC (n=15) and control (n=10). VMC was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3).The control group was intraperitoneally injected with 2% PBS. The IFN-lambda2-treated VMC group was administered with 400 ng IFN-lambda2 (0.1 mL) by subcutaneous injections daily, for 5 days. The control and the VMC groups were given equal amount of nomal saline.The surviving mice were sacrificed 9 days after IFN-lambda2 treatment. The pathological changes of heart tissues were examined under a light microscope. Bcl-2 and Bax expression in heart tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe control group presented normal heart tissues. The INF-lambda2-treated VMC group showed significantly a lower pathological score (1.5+/-0.5) than the untreated VMC group (2.8+/-0.8) (P<0.01). Bcl-2 expression decreased (P<0.01), in contrast, Bax expression increased (P<0.01) in the untreated VMC group compared with that in the control group. INF-lambda2 treatment resulted in an increased Bcl-2 expression (P<0.01) and a decreased Bax expression (P<0.01) compared to the untreated VMC group.

CONCLUSIONSINF-lambda2 may alleviate myocardial injuries and inhibit cardiomyocytic apoptosis, thus providing protective effects on myocardial cells in mice with acute VMC.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; therapeutic use ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis

Objective To investigate the effects of CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells(Treg)and the imbalance of helper T lymphocyte subsets(Th1/Th2)on the immunological mechanism of IgA nephropathy(IgAN)patients. Methods The percentage of Treg and helper T cells subpopulation (Th1/Th2)in the peripheral blood of IgAN patients and healthy controls was examined by flow cytometry.The FOXP3 expression was detected through intracellular staining.The correlation of Treg or Th1/Th2 with clinical parameters of IgAN was analyzed by Spearman or Pearson rank correlation test. Results The percentages of Treg and Th2 cells were significantly higher in peripheral blood of IgAN patients compared to that of healthy controls[Treg (2.14±0.82)%vs[1.59±0.53)%,Th2(2.57±0.72)%vs(1.81±1.10)%,all P＜0.05].Th1/Th2 ratio was significantly reduced in IgAN patients(5.75±1.89 vs 12.73±9.79,P＜0.05).The percentage of circulating Treg cells was positively correlated with serunl IgA concentration(r=0.397,P＜0.05),and was negatively correlated with eGFR(r=-0.376,P＜0.05).The percentage of circulating Th2 cells was positively correlated with serum IgA(r=0.468,P＜0.05). Conclusions There is a disorder of T lymphocyte population in the peripheral blood of IgAN patients.The increased Treg and Th2 cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IgAN.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between the coping style and mental health of patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

METHODSThe simplified coping style questionnaire and SCL-90 were used to conduct a survey of 106 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, and the scores were compared with the national norms.

RESULTSThe patients had a positive coping style score of 1.51-/+0.58 and negative coping style score of 1.13-/+0.58. The SCL-90 scores were significantly higher than the national norms. A significant correlation was found between the negative coping style and mental health of the patients.

CONCLUSIONNegative coping style is an important factor influencing the mental health of patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; psychology ; Low Back Pain ; etiology ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Stress, Physiological ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of bone scintigraphy in the preoperative diagnosis of sacral tumor. Methods Preoperative 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) whole body bone scintigraphy was performed in total of 103 patients with sacral tumor for whole body survey and radionuclide uptake in the sacral tumor. Of these 103 patients,39 had SPECT. According to the osteoblastic reaction in bone SPECT studies,patterns of tumor with a "hot" lesion was defined as type Ⅰ,a "cold" lesion accompanied with partial uptake was defined as type Ⅱ,a purely "cold" lesion was defined as type Ⅲ,and a "cold" lesion with marginal uptake which produced "doughnut sign" was defined as type Ⅳ. Imaging interpretation was correlated with the final pathologic diagnosis. Results Of the 103 patients,18 ( 17.5% ) had polyostotic involvement. About 46.6% (48/103 ) in planar and 84.6% ( 33/39 ) in SPECT showed decreased uptake at sacrum. Of the bone metastatic patients (n =21 ) ,12 (51.7%) had sole metastasis to sacrum. Tumor with type Ⅰ (6/6) or type Ⅱ (16/19) uptake was likely to be a malignancy,whereas type Ⅲ uptake tended to occur in the benign disease in those patients without polyostotic involvement( 5/7 ),and type Ⅳ was all appeared in giant cell tumors( n = 5 ). Conclusions Preoperative bone scintigraphy is useful in examination of polyostotic involvement for the patients with sacral tumor,but it is limited for diagnosing isolated sacral metastatic disease. Tumor uptake on bone scintigraphy can be helpful in differential diagnosis of sacral tumor.

Objective To observe the difference of anoreetal dynamics between Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy plus internal sphinctemtomy and simple Milligan-Morgan bemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of annulus mixed hemorrhoids.Method Measured the anal resting pressure,maximal anal contractive pressure,rectal sensation thresholds,maximal rectal tolerable dose and maximal rectal compliance 1 day before and 3 months after Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy plus internal sphincterotomy (therapy group,50 cases)and simple Milligan-Morgan bemorrhoidectomy(control group,52 cases)by anorectal manometric device made in Sweden.Results The anal resting pressures of therapy group and eontrol group reduced signifieanfly 3 months after operation compared with that 1 day before operation(P＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05),but there was significant difference between the two groups in 3 months after operation(P＜0.05).The maximal anal contractive pressure,reetal sensation thresholds,maximal rectal tolerable dose and maximal rectal compliance were no significant difference between the two groups in 3 months after operation (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Anal sphineterotomy can change the high anal pressure significantly in the treatment of annulus hemorrhoids without copracrasia,it is a proper operation method.

The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) is an important group of enzymes in DNA repair pathways, especially the base excision repair (BER) for DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) repair. Inhibition of PARP in DNA repair-defective tumors (like those with BRAC1/2 mutations) can lead to cell death and genomic instability, what is so called "synthetic lethality". Currently, PARP inhibitors combined with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of BRCA-1/2 deficient cancers are in the clinical development. In this review, we will be focused on the development of combination application of PARP inhibitors with other anticancer agents in clinical trials.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzimidazoles ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; DNA Repair ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Indoles ; therapeutic use ; Melanoma ; drug therapy ; Mutation ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Phthalazines ; therapeutic use ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors