Graft vs Host Disease ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; antagonists & inhibitors ; therapeutic use

Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is a clinical and bio-chemical syndrome associated with advancing age in males and seriously affects the quality of life of some of the patients. A classical therapeutic option for LOH is testosterone supplementary treatment (TST). Its effectiveness has been verified, whereas its long-term safety remains to be further evaluated. With deeper insights into LOH, many new therapeutic strategies have been proposed, which include the treatments with gonadotropins, testosterone precursors (such as dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA]), non-aromatizable androgens (such as dihydrotestosterone [DHT]), antiestrogens (such as aromatase inhibitors and estrogen receptor antagonists), and Chinese medicine. Meanwhile, studies on the transplantation of Leydig stem cells, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), and selective estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) agonists have shed new light on the treatment of LOH.
Humans ; Hypogonadism ; drug therapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Testosterone ; therapeutic use

AIM:To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells on renal tubule cells treated by cisplatin.METHODS:The mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)were separated from mouse bone marrow.The necrosis and apoptosis rate of renal tubule cells induced by cisplatin were detected by flow cytometry.After co-culture with MSCs,the above changes of renal tubule cells were detected.RESULTS:In co-culture system,the apoptotic rates of renal tubule cell were decreased obviously and the cell number increased obviously.CONCLUSION:The MSCs protect the renal tubule cells from apoptosis induced by cisplatin.This effect may be related with the paracrine effects of MSCs.

One hundred and forty-nine patients with moderate and severe organophosphorus poisoning were treated in Fangshan District Hospital, Beijing during July 2005 to July 2007, 77 cases of them with intravenous atropine and intramuscular pyraloxime methylchloride and 72 with intramuscular penehyclidime hydrochloride plus pyraloxime methylchloride. Time of atrepinization, number of medication injection, time of symptom disappearance, recovery time of cholinesterase, length of hospital stay in those with penehyclidime hydrochloride plus pyraloxime methylchloride were all better than those with atropine and pyraloxime methylchloride (P<0.05). Percentage of atropine poisoning, atropine dependence, organophosphorus poisoning rebound and adverse reaction in those with penehyclidime hydrochloride plus pyraloxime methylchloride were lower than those in those with atropine and pyraloxime methylchloride (P< 0.05).

Objective To investigate the cavernous nerves innervation from prostate apex to glans penis and the relation between cavernous nerves and surrounding tissues and organs. Methods The urethra and penises of three formalin preserved adult cadavers were removed from prostate apex to glans penis.The sections underwent hematoxylin-eosin staining and Bielschowsky nerve staining.The course and distribution of cavernous nerves and relationship between the cavernous nerves and surrounding tissues and organs was observed microscopically and photographed from prostate apex to glans penis. Results From serial sections we found when nerve fibres run along prostate apex,while surrounding the lateral and dorsal aspects of prostate apex and urethra.from 30'clock to 9 0'clock.Most fibres went through smooth muscle and some of them went through the periphery striated muscle and urogenital diaphragm.The distance to urethra lumen was only 3-5 mm.After the nerve fibres went distally and anteriorly,they accompanied closely with cavernous vein plexus and then went into corpora cavernosa.At the distal end of corpora cavernosa,there were"windows"through which the neurovascular bundles communicated between corpora cavernosa and glans penis just like doors to glans penis. Conclusions When nerve fibres run from prostate apex to urogenital diaphragm,along dorsal lateral aspect of prostate and urethra,there are only 3-5 mm to the urethra lumen,so it is very easy to be injured in traumas or operations.In the urethral bulb fragment,the nerves run anteriorly and laterally.out of the periphary muscle,so the cavernous nerves will not be i~ured when dissect urethra bulb from surrounding muscles.Dissect glans penis from distal end of penis in operation would be avoided in order to protect the cavernous nerves between corpora cavernosa and glans penis.

AIM: To observe the influences of Jianwei Yuyang Pills(Radix pseudostellariae,Pericarpium citri reticulatae,Rhizoma dioscoreae, Fructus hordei germinatus,and Fructus crataegi) on the recurrence of peptic ulcer(PU),and the expressions of IL-1 and analyze its potential mechanism. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with gastric ulcer were chosen as Jianwei Yuyang Pills treatment group.In addition,the normal control group was set up(12 cases).The biospy specimens of gastric mucosa was detected to observe the change in immunohischemistry of IL-1 and in the contents of ninohexose and phosphatide of ulcerated gastric mucosa. RESULTS: The contents of ninohexose,phosphatide of PU patients increased in Jianwei Yuyang Pills group.There was a statistical significance between Jianwei Yuyang Pills group(before treatment) and Jianwei Yuyang Pills group(after treatment)(P

Dao-di Herbs is specificity and locality, and its unique phenotypic features is closely related to the growth and development of medicinal plants. In addition to traditional genetic, epigenetic play an important role in formation of Dao-di herbs. This paper introduces the concept of epigenetic and the role of DNA methylation in the gene expression regulation. We further prospects epigenetic mechanism in study of Dao-di herbs formation from specific phenotype and regional analysis. And study on the relationship of epigenetic and Dao-di herbs will provide a basis for quality assessment and identification of Chinese drugs.
DNA Methylation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics

Saw palmetto fruit extract (SPE), as a herbal product, is widely used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Recent studies show that SPE also has some therapeutic effects on chronic prostatitis, prostate cancer, sexual dysfunction, and so on. This article presents an overview on the application of SPE in the treatment of BPH, prostate cancer, and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, with a discussion on its action mechanisms.
Chronic Disease ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; drug therapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Diseases ; drug therapy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; Syndrome

Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common male sexual disorder with an incidence rate of 20-30%. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), as the first-line drug for erectile dysfunction (ED), can improve ejaculatory function probably by acting on the peripheral and central adrenergic nerves. The possible action mechanisms of PDE5i may involve lessening of the central sympathetic output, modulation of the contractile responses from the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and urethra, induction of peripheral analgesia, and prolonging of the total erectile duration, increasing the confidence of ejaculation control, and reducing the post-ejaculation refractory time. This review discusses the possible mechanisms and clinical application of PDE5i in the treatment of PE.
Ejaculation ; drug effects ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Premature Ejaculation ; drug therapy ; Seminal Vesicles ; physiology ; Vas Deferens ; physiology

Adolescent ; Adult ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy