AIM:To investigate the influential factors of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and to observe the effects of zileuton,a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (5-LO),on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).METHODS:The right middle cerebral artery of the rat was occluded by inserting a thread through internal carotid artery for 2 h,and then reperfused for 24 h. Zileuton (10,50 mg?kg-1,po) was orally administered 2 h before ischemia and at 0,5,10 h after reperfusion. The permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB) was detected by using Evans blue (EB) as a labelling compound. The degree of cerebral edema was estimated by AutoCAD image analysis software. The mRNA of cysteiny leukotrienes receptor1 (CysLTR1) was detected by RT-PCR. The content of LTB4 in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS:After middle cerebral artery occlussion 2 h/reperfusion 24 h,the permeability of BBB in the brain tissue of injured side and the brain edema degree were increased. The content of LTB4 in serum was elevated. The expression of CysLTR1 mRNA from the brain tissue of occluded side was enhanced. The expressions of MMP-9 and AQP4 proteins of the ischemia realm and ischemia penumbra (IP) of the infarct focus perimeter were increased. Both 10 and 50 mg?kg-1 doses of zileuton dramatically relieved the BBB permeability destruction and the degree of the brain edema,inhibited the expression of CysLTR1 mRNA in the brain tissue and also reduced the content of LTB4 in serum. The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins in the brain tissue were also decreased.CONCLUSION:The permeability of BBB is destroyed after the focal CIRI. The mechanisms of protective effect of zileuton might be attributed to its effects by inhibiting the activation of 5-LO pathways on the brain tissue and circulatory blood,reducing the expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins of the ischemia and IP realm in the brain tissue.

Objective To report our experience in versatile use of double fascial flaps in reconstruction of facial skin defects.Methods A total of 10 patients were enrolled in this study (6 males and 4 females,aged 14-46 years).Based on the location,size and shape of the facial skin defects after tumor resection,paralleled double fascial flaps,vertical double fasical flaps and special angle double fascial flaps were designed respectively.Results All the patients were followed up for 6-12 months after operation.Operative incision split combined with infection was observed in one case.Mild pigmentation around the incision was observed in two cases.The cosmetic results were quite satisfactory to all patients.Conclusions As far as the advantages,minimal donor site morbidity,versatile designation as concerned,the double fascial flaps are good choices in the repair of facial skin defects.

Objective This study is designed to explore the regulation of carboxyamidotriazole(CAI)on inflammatory factors in vitro and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Peritoneal macrophages were incubated with different concentrations(5～40 μmol/L),and then cell viabilities were evaluated by MTT assay.Cells were pretreated with CAI(5～40 μmol/L),LPS was then added,and celia were incubated for 18 h.NO and TNF-α levels were determined with Griess reagent and ELISA kit,respectively.The iNOS expression and NF-κB activation were detected by Western blot method.Results The rat peritoneal macrophage viability was not affected at the concentrations of CAI used.CAI(5～40 μmol/L)was found to reduce NO(P＜0.01,P＜0.001)and TNF-α production(P＜0.05,P ＜ 0.01)in a dose-dependent manner.CAI was also found to inhibit the LPS-induced expression of iNOS and degradation of IκBα in rat peritoneal macrophages.Conclusion The findings from the present study suggest that CAI has suppressive effect on iNOS expression,and this inhibitory effect was found to be associated with NF-κB inactivation via the blockade of IκBα phosphorylation.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Western medicine in treating patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: A total of 70 patients with DPN were divided into an observation group and a control group by sealed envelope method combined with the random number table method, with 35 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine medicine, and the observation group was treated with heat-sensitive moxibustion on the basis of the treatment in the control group. After 2 courses of treatment, the scores of Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) and vibration perception threshold (VPT) in both groups were observed, and the clinical efficacy was compared. Results: During treatment, 3 cases dropped out in the control group and 4 cases in the observation group. After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of TCSS and VPT in both groups decreased after treatment, and the intra-group comparison showed statistical significance (both P<0.05). The scores of TCSS and VPT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Western medicine can improve the symptoms in patients with DPN, and has a better curative effect than the Western medicine alone.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the constituent proteins in donkey hide, the key ingredient for Ejiao, an important traditional Chinese medicine for the blood-related conditions, in hope to eventually decipher the biochemical mechanism behind Ejiao's prominent medicinal efficacy.

METHODTwo methods were employed to extract proteins in donkey skin. One used TriPure isolation reagent to extract the total proteins in donkey skin. Another used 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to heat the sample at 100 degrees C overnight. And then sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and capillary HPLC were used to analyze the component of proteins.

RESULTThere are not only collagen alpha1 (I) and collagen alpha2 (I), but also serum albumin in donkey skin. The content is over 25% in total proteins with the method of TriPure isolation reagent. The content of donkey serum albumin is up to 20% with the method of 1% SDS heating. And two bands, molecular weight are nearly 200 kDa,were found on 7.5% SDS-PAGE. Extracted these proteins to analyze with capillary HPLC, they were found to be the complex products of collagen and serum albumin of donkey.

CONCLUSIONDonkey serum albumin is a main protein component in the hide, which is a clue to expose is the effect of Ejiao on blood.

Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Collagen Type I ; analysis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Collagen Type II ; analysis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drug Interactions ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Equidae ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Binding ; Serum Albumin ; analysis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Skin ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and pathologic features of granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM).

METHODSSixty-eight cases of GLM were retrieved from the archival file. The clinical data and histologic features were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSSixty-eight patients presented with breast mass. Ulceration in overlying breast skin was seen in 9 cases. Most of the patients had history of breast feeding. None of them had evidence of specific infections involving the breast. The clinical and radiologic features mimicked malignancy. Histologically, GLM was characterized by the presence of non-necrotizing granulomas, usually admixed with neutrophils and associated with benign ductolobular units. The ductolobular architecture was still preserved. The duration of follow up ranged from 6 to 36 months. Four patients suffered from disease recurrence.

CONCLUSIONSGLM shows clinical and radiologic features reminiscent of breast cancer. Correct diagnosis requires histologic examination of the biopsy specimens.

Adult ; Breast Diseases ; pathology ; Breast Feeding ; adverse effects ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; microbiology ; pathology ; Granulomatous Mastitis ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Mastitis ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; isolation & purification ; Plasma Cells ; pathology ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoidosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the impact of psychological intervention on the mental state of related donors for allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation(HSCT). Methods 64 donors for HSCT were randomly divided into intervention and control groups (32 cases for each group). Routine preoperative health education was given to the donors in the control group and psychological intervention was adopted in the intervention group on the basis of routine health education. Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS)were used to mark the scores of the mental state of donors in both groups and heart rate, blood pressure of the donors were recorded and analyzed before and after intervention. Results Compared with those before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate of the donors in the intervention group (P ＞ 0. 05); the differences were statistically significant in the comparison of blood pressure and heart rate of the donors between the two groups (P ＜ 0. 05). The scores of depression and anxiety decreased compared with those before intervention in the intervention group (P ＜ 0. 05), and the differences in the comparison of the scores were statistically significant between the two groups (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions Psychological intervention is the key to reduce anxiety and depression and stabilize blood pressure and heart rate of the related donors for allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between pre-treatment thrombocytosis and prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles regarding the prognosis of OC patients with pre-treatment thrombocytosis by the end of March 2018. Pooled estimates for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) events were calculated as hazard ratios (HRs) either on a fixed or random effect model by Stata 13.0 software. Funnel plot and Egger's test were applied to evaluate publication bias and sensitivity analyses were undertaken to estimate the strength of outcomes. RESULTS: Eleven studies that met the inclusion criteria were enrolled, including a total of 4,953 patients. Pooled results showed that pre-treatment thrombocytosis was significantly associated with OS (HR=1.722; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.437–2.064) and PFS (HR=1.452; 95% CI=1.323–1.593) in the cohort. Significant correlation was found in OS and PFS between pre-treatment thrombocytosis and both epithelial OC (all stages and differentiation degrees of OC) and advanced epithelial OC (III or IV) by subgroup analyses, which were performed according to publication year, country, case numbers, OC category, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and cut-off value. However, subgroup analyses indicated no significant correlation between pre-treatment thrombocytosis and OS for patients with high-grade serous (poorly differentiated or undifferentiated) OC (HR=1.220; 95% CI=0.946–1.573; p=0.125). Egger's test demonstrated no obvious publication bias in the articles enrolled in this study (OS: p=0.226; PFS: p=0.071). CONCLUSION: Pre-treatment thrombocytosis might be taken as an independent prognostic indicator for patients with OC.
Cohort Studies ; Disease-Free Survival ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Obstetrics ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Prognosis* ; Publication Bias ; Publications ; Thrombocytosis*

China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Genes, Viral ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans

The risk factors of high trait anger of juvenile offenders were explored through question naire study in a youth correctional facility of Hubei province,China.A total of 1090 juvenile offenders in Hubei province were investigated by self-compiled social-demographic questionnaire,Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ),and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-Ⅱ (STAXI-Ⅱ).The risk factors were analyzed by chi-square tests,correlation analysis,and binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS 19.0.A total of 1082 copies of valid questionnaires were collected.High trait anger group (n=316) was defined as those who scored in the upper 27th percentile of STAXI-Ⅱ trait anger scale (TAS),and the rest were defined as low trait anger group (n=766).The risk factors associated with high level of trait anger included:childhood emotional abuse,childhood sexual abuse,step family,frequent drug abuse,and frequent internet using (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Birth sequence,number of sibling,ranking in the family,identity of the main care-taker,the education level of care-taker,educational style of care-taker,family income,relationship between parents,social atmosphere of local area,frequent drinking,and frequent smoking did not predict to high level of trait anger (P＞0.05).It was suggested that traumatic experience in childhood and unhealthy life style may significantly increase the level of trait anger in adulthood.The risk factors of high trait anger and their effects should be taken into consideration seriously.