Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aryldialkylphosphatase ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of preparing novel gypenosides long-circulating liposomes with PEG grafted on beta-sitosterol (PEG-Sito).

METHODSuccinicanhydride was adopted to connect beta-sitosterol and PEG 2000. Sphingomyelin and PEG-Sito was used as material to prepare gypenosides long-circulating liposomes by using ethanol injection method. Encapsulation efficiency was determined by using protamine precipitation method. H-NMR was used to verify the synthesis of PEG-Sito, the novel gypenosides long-circulating liposomes were characterized by particle size, zeta potential and atomic force microscope.

RESULTThe synthesis of PEG-Sito was verified by 1H-NMR. Encapsulation efficiency of long-circulating liposomes prepared by ethanol injection method was 74.3%, particle size was 288.1 nm, zeta potential was -20.25 mV, the morphology were round observed by AFM.

CONCLUSIONThe novel gypenosides long-circulating liposomes prepared with PEG-Sito was feasible, it had a high encapsulation efficiency and good morphology.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Gynostemma ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; blood ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; Sphingomyelins ; chemistry

Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most important pathogens in infants and young children with acute respiratory infections and other diseases. This article reviews the literature on HAdV, including its molecular biological characteristics, detection and typing, and pathogenic mechanism, the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of HAdV-related diseases, and the prevention and control of HAdV infections. So far, 67 types of HAdV have been identified, including recombinant variants discovered in recent years. The major epidemic strains that cause acute respiratory infections are HAdV-3 and HAdV-7, both of which belong to the subgroup B. HAdV often leads to acute respiratory infections, but it also causes diseases of other systems. HAdV-related diseases have similar clinical manifestations as those caused by other respiratory viruses, but often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms. The pathogenic mechanism of HAdV remains unclear, especially for the new recombinant variants, due to few studies on their association with diseases. Because there are no prospective, large randomized controlled trials of HAdV infections, the treatment of HAdV infections is controversial. Vaccine is the most effective measure to reduce respiratory HAdV infections, but it is still not commercially available.
Adenovirus Infections, Human ; virology ; Adenoviruses, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Animals ; Humans

Objective To explore the relationship of acute myeloid leukemia kayotype with chemotherapeutic effect. Methods Conventional cytogenetic technique of G-band was used to analyze in 222 acute myeloid leukemia patients. Results Eighty-six cases (42. 1%) with cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 204 patients. Excepting for M_3 patients,the favorable,intermediate and adverse groups according for MRC criteria were treated with TA or CAG schema respectively. CR rate of M_3 was obviously higher than non-M_3. The favorable and intermediate group were obviously surpassinger than adverse group in TA schema. CR rate of the intermediate group was highter than that of other groups in CAG schema. CR rate of the adverse group in two schema were all low. CAG was surpassinger than TA schema in intermediate group. Conclusion Cytogenetics is an important chemotherapeutic and prognostic factor to acute myeloid leukemia. CAG schema could be the leader selection in the de novo presby or oligoac-crementional AML patients.

Objective To compare the effects of remifentanil infused at different rates on median effective target plasma concentration (EC50) of propofol inhibiting responses to laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion and determine the optimum infusion rate of remifentanil when used for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in pediatric patients.Methods Eighty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ pediatric patients,aged 7 months-3 years,scheduled for elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =28 each):normal saline group (group C),remifentanil infused at 3 ng· kg-1 ·min-1 group (group R1) and remifentanil infused at 5 ng· kg-1 · min-1 group (group R2).Responses to LMA insertion were defined as body movement and/or bucking during insertion.The initial target plasma concentrations of propofol were 5.2,4.8 and 4.4 μg/ml in groups C,R1 and R2,respectively.The target plasma concentration of propofol was determined by up-and-down sequential allocation.Each time the target plasma concentration increased/decreased by 0.2μg/ml.EC50 and 95 ％ confidence interval of propofol blunting responses to LMA insertion were determined by probit method.Results EC50 (95 ％ confidence interval) of propofol was 5.03 (4.92-5.12) μg/ml,4.71 (4.58-4.84) μg/rnl and 4.46 (4.20-4.94) μg/ml in groups C,R1 and R2,respectively.There was no significant difference in EC50 of propofol between groups R1 and C (P ＞ 0.05).EC50 of propofol was significantly lower in group R2 than in groups C and R1 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The infusion rate of remifentanil should not be lower than 5 ng· kg-1· min-1 when combined with propofol in pediatric patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Xanthine Oxidase ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the operative cooperation of the intra-extra cranial bypass operation of the intracranial giant aneurysms. Methods A retrospective analysis of 7 patients who had intracranial giant aneurysm and received the intra-extra cranial bypass operation from October 2014 to June 2016. All preoperative and intraoperative nursing points of operative cooperation were analyzed. Results The post-operative digital subtraction angiographies of 7 patients without any perioperative nursing complications showed enough flow in the bypass arteries. Conclusions Operative multi-incision managing, positive temperature intervening, special instruments using and thrombosis preventing play very important roles in the nursing points of the successful operative cooperation.

Objective To explore the relationship of acute myeloid leukemia kayotype with chemotherapeutic effect. Methods Conventional cytogenetic technique of G-band was used to analyze in 222 acute myeloid leukemia patients.Results Eighty-six cases(42.1%) with cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 204 patients.Excepting for M3 patients,the favorable,intermediate and adverse groups according for MRC criteria were treated with TA or CAG schema respectively. CR rate of M3 was obviously higher than non-M3.The favorable and intermediate group were obviously surpassinger than adverse group in TA schema.CR rate of the intermediate group was highter than that of other groups in CAG schema. CR rate of the adverse group in two schema were all low. CAG was surpassinger than TA schema in intermediate group.Conclusion Cytogenetics is an important chemotherapeutic and prognostic factor to acute myeloid leukemia. CAG schema could be the leader selection in the de novo presby or oligoaccrementional AML patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between nitric oxide (NO) in central nervous system and exercise-induced fatigue stress and to study the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg), as a substrate of nitric oxide, on the exercise capacity and NO content in the exhausted rat brain and blood.

METHODSThrough an implanted cannula, the normal saline or L-Arg was microinjected into rat's intracerebroventrical for consecutive four days. Then an acute exhaustive model (on the speed of 18 m/min, an inclination of 5 degrees) was established with animal treadmill. The time of exercise till exhaustion was recorded, and the total workload was calculated that represented the exercise capacity. Nitrate and nitrite (NO3/NO2-, NOx-) levels in blood, hypothalamus and hippocampus were assayed.

RESULTSBoth the time of exercise till exhaustion and total workload in the LArg group increased respectively by 51.8% and 50.08% (P < 0.05), compared with those in the control. The NOx- content in hypothalamus in the L-Arg group (8.93 +/- 1.83) micromol/g pro was larger than that in the control (4.25 +/- 0.79) micromol/g pro, (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in NOx- content in brain and hippocampus between the two groups. The total workload was positively correlated with NOx- concentration in hypothalamus (P < 0.01). However, there was no correlation between workload and changes in hippocampus NOx- content at fatigue.

CONCLUSIONIntracerebroventricular microinjection of L-Arg may enhance the exercise capacity and lead to up-regulation of NO by means of L-Arg-NO signal path in the hypothalamus. Hypothalamus may be a key site in brain in the modulation of physiological exercise.

Animals ; Arginine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Purpose:It is the authors' intention to improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for acute tes-tis diseases by analyzing the sonographic features.Materials and Methods:The sonographic features of 78 acute testis diseasess were analyzed.The results were compared with the clinical,surgical and pathological results.Results:78 patients had obviously different sonographic features between different types of acute testis diseases.12 testicular tumors were big mass with uneven internal echoes and often with calcification.The distributions of the vessels in the lesions were irregular or branch-like.26 cases of testicular contusion had scrotal wall edema and thickening,with low echo and liquid collection in the lesions.21 cases of acute orchitis usually intumesced with color ball-shaped rich blood flow signals.18 cases with testicular torsion had blood flow on the affected side decreased or disappeared,lcase of tuberculocele showed extremely uneven and various echoes mixed in testis.Conclusion: A fast and exact diagnosis or differential diagnosis of acute testis diseases can be obtained with ultrasound.