Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Xanthine Oxidase ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the operative cooperation of the intra-extra cranial bypass operation of the intracranial giant aneurysms. Methods A retrospective analysis of 7 patients who had intracranial giant aneurysm and received the intra-extra cranial bypass operation from October 2014 to June 2016. All preoperative and intraoperative nursing points of operative cooperation were analyzed. Results The post-operative digital subtraction angiographies of 7 patients without any perioperative nursing complications showed enough flow in the bypass arteries. Conclusions Operative multi-incision managing, positive temperature intervening, special instruments using and thrombosis preventing play very important roles in the nursing points of the successful operative cooperation.

Objective To explore the relationship of acute myeloid leukemia kayotype with chemotherapeutic effect. Methods Conventional cytogenetic technique of G-band was used to analyze in 222 acute myeloid leukemia patients.Results Eighty-six cases(42.1%) with cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 204 patients.Excepting for M3 patients,the favorable,intermediate and adverse groups according for MRC criteria were treated with TA or CAG schema respectively. CR rate of M3 was obviously higher than non-M3.The favorable and intermediate group were obviously surpassinger than adverse group in TA schema.CR rate of the intermediate group was highter than that of other groups in CAG schema. CR rate of the adverse group in two schema were all low. CAG was surpassinger than TA schema in intermediate group.Conclusion Cytogenetics is an important chemotherapeutic and prognostic factor to acute myeloid leukemia. CAG schema could be the leader selection in the de novo presby or oligoaccrementional AML patients.

Objective To explore the relationship of acute myeloid leukemia kayotype with chemotherapeutic effect. Methods Conventional cytogenetic technique of G-band was used to analyze in 222 acute myeloid leukemia patients. Results Eighty-six cases (42. 1%) with cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 204 patients. Excepting for M_3 patients,the favorable,intermediate and adverse groups according for MRC criteria were treated with TA or CAG schema respectively. CR rate of M_3 was obviously higher than non-M_3. The favorable and intermediate group were obviously surpassinger than adverse group in TA schema. CR rate of the intermediate group was highter than that of other groups in CAG schema. CR rate of the adverse group in two schema were all low. CAG was surpassinger than TA schema in intermediate group. Conclusion Cytogenetics is an important chemotherapeutic and prognostic factor to acute myeloid leukemia. CAG schema could be the leader selection in the de novo presby or oligoac-crementional AML patients.

Objective To compare the effects of remifentanil infused at different rates on median effective target plasma concentration (EC50) of propofol inhibiting responses to laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion and determine the optimum infusion rate of remifentanil when used for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in pediatric patients.Methods Eighty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ pediatric patients,aged 7 months-3 years,scheduled for elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =28 each):normal saline group (group C),remifentanil infused at 3 ng· kg-1 ·min-1 group (group R1) and remifentanil infused at 5 ng· kg-1 · min-1 group (group R2).Responses to LMA insertion were defined as body movement and/or bucking during insertion.The initial target plasma concentrations of propofol were 5.2,4.8 and 4.4 μg/ml in groups C,R1 and R2,respectively.The target plasma concentration of propofol was determined by up-and-down sequential allocation.Each time the target plasma concentration increased/decreased by 0.2μg/ml.EC50 and 95 ％ confidence interval of propofol blunting responses to LMA insertion were determined by probit method.Results EC50 (95 ％ confidence interval) of propofol was 5.03 (4.92-5.12) μg/ml,4.71 (4.58-4.84) μg/rnl and 4.46 (4.20-4.94) μg/ml in groups C,R1 and R2,respectively.There was no significant difference in EC50 of propofol between groups R1 and C (P ＞ 0.05).EC50 of propofol was significantly lower in group R2 than in groups C and R1 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The infusion rate of remifentanil should not be lower than 5 ng· kg-1· min-1 when combined with propofol in pediatric patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aryldialkylphosphatase ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of preparing novel gypenosides long-circulating liposomes with PEG grafted on beta-sitosterol (PEG-Sito).

METHODSuccinicanhydride was adopted to connect beta-sitosterol and PEG 2000. Sphingomyelin and PEG-Sito was used as material to prepare gypenosides long-circulating liposomes by using ethanol injection method. Encapsulation efficiency was determined by using protamine precipitation method. H-NMR was used to verify the synthesis of PEG-Sito, the novel gypenosides long-circulating liposomes were characterized by particle size, zeta potential and atomic force microscope.

RESULTThe synthesis of PEG-Sito was verified by 1H-NMR. Encapsulation efficiency of long-circulating liposomes prepared by ethanol injection method was 74.3%, particle size was 288.1 nm, zeta potential was -20.25 mV, the morphology were round observed by AFM.

CONCLUSIONThe novel gypenosides long-circulating liposomes prepared with PEG-Sito was feasible, it had a high encapsulation efficiency and good morphology.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Gynostemma ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; blood ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; Sphingomyelins ; chemistry

Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most important pathogens in infants and young children with acute respiratory infections and other diseases. This article reviews the literature on HAdV, including its molecular biological characteristics, detection and typing, and pathogenic mechanism, the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of HAdV-related diseases, and the prevention and control of HAdV infections. So far, 67 types of HAdV have been identified, including recombinant variants discovered in recent years. The major epidemic strains that cause acute respiratory infections are HAdV-3 and HAdV-7, both of which belong to the subgroup B. HAdV often leads to acute respiratory infections, but it also causes diseases of other systems. HAdV-related diseases have similar clinical manifestations as those caused by other respiratory viruses, but often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms. The pathogenic mechanism of HAdV remains unclear, especially for the new recombinant variants, due to few studies on their association with diseases. Because there are no prospective, large randomized controlled trials of HAdV infections, the treatment of HAdV infections is controversial. Vaccine is the most effective measure to reduce respiratory HAdV infections, but it is still not commercially available.
Adenovirus Infections, Human ; virology ; Adenoviruses, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Animals ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of Mycobacteria growth indicator tube ( MGIT ) liquid culture combined with rifampin resistance test real-time PCR ( Xpert MTB/RIF test) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Methods 652 cases of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis from October 2014 to March 2015 in Quzhou People′s Hospital were enrolled. The morning sputum samples were collected for acid-fast staining, L?wenstein-Jensen ( L-J) culture, BACTEC MGIT culture and Xpert MTB/RIF test.Samples with positive results of MGIT liquid culture were subjected to strain identification and drug sensitivity test with fluid method.Methodological comparison between four methods was made and the performance of MGIT liquid culture combined with Xpert MTB/RIF test in the rapid diagnosis and drug resistance detection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis was evaluated by chi-square test. Results Among the samples from 399 confirmed tuberculosis patients, the diagnostic sensitivity of the 4 methods ( acid-fast staining, L-J culture, MGIT culture and Xpert MTB/RIF test) were 17.0%(68/399), 23.8%(95/399), 37.8% (151/399) and 37.3%(149/399) respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of MGIT culture combined with Xpert MTB/RIF test was 39.8%(159/399) and 94.8%(240/253).The sensitivity of MGIT culture combined with Xpert MTB/RIF test was significantly higher than acid-fast staining (χ2 =50.9, P<0.01 ) and L-J culture (χ2 =23.7,P<0.01).The average detection time of MGIT culture was 7.5 days ( smear positive and Xpert MTB/RIF positive), 13.4 days (smear negative and Xpert MTB/RIF positive) and 16.9 days ( smear negative and Xpert MTB/RIF negative) .The sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF test in rifampin resistance detection were 9/9 and 97.3% ( 129/132 ) respectively.The average detection time of fluid method for drug sensitivity test was 8.3 days.Conclusions MGIT liquid culture combined with Xpert MTB/RIF test can detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the drug sensitivity rapidly.The method is highly sensitive and specific.It is important for clinical diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis.

Objective To determine the impact of fluorine and aluminum,and both action combined on the number of rat osteoclasts and bone resorption cultured in vitro and to explore its mechanisms.Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured,respectively,in TC199 medium (containing 10％ fetal bovine serum) with fluoride,aluminum and fluoride combined with aluminum.The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice,BMSCs in 6-well culture plate,and culture medium was changed after 2 hours incubation.The cells were divided into control group,fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group; the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,1.0 × 10-4,0,1.0 × 10-4 mol/L and the doses of aluminum chloride were 0,0,1.0 × 10-5,1.0 × 10-5 mol/L,respectively.Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue.The expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in BMSCs after 8 h treatment.Results ① Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the numbers of osteoclasts (F =7.15,6.56 and 7.98,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The numbers of osteoclasts in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(136.9 ± 22.99),(135.4 ± 23.5),(163.0 ± 24.4) per well] were higher than that in the control group[(92.5 ± 22.1) per well,all P ＜ 0.05].② Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the resorption pit area on ivory slices(F =10.47,12.64,14.29,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The resorption pit area on ivory slices in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(0.242 ± 0.031),(0.293 ± 0.026),(0.333 ± 0.016)mm2 per slice] was higher than that in the control group [(0.088 ± 0.030)mm2 per slice,all P ＜ 0.05].③Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs (F =8.15,15.38,23.59,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group [(193.98 ± 137.93)％,(326.11 ± 176.78)％,(599.84 ± 275.82)％] were higher than that in the control group[(100.00 ± 56.02)％,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Both fluoride and aluminum can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote cell differentiation and bone resorption activity,which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.The stimulating effects of fluoride on osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption is enhanced by aluminum.